Android based farmer friendly Agricultural Robot with motorized

shovel control system and automatic seed dispensing system

INTRODUCTION:
To develop a robot capable of performing operations like automatic ploughing, seed

dispensing. It also provides manual control when required and keeps tabs on the humidity

with the help of humidity sensors. The main component here is the AT89S52 microcontroller

that supervises the entire process. Initially the robot operates based on commands from smart

mobile by using android app, the entire field and proceeds to ploughing, simultaneously

dispensing seeds side by side. On the field the robot operates on automated mode. For auto

control the robot uses the Bluetooth pairing app as control device and helps in the navigation

of the robot outside the field or inside the field. The water sprinklers, if on, bring down the

humidity level thus providing an ideal growing environment to crop.

To move towards automation. The farming business has dependably been the establishment of
India's supported development. As the number of inhabitants in India keeps on developing, the
interest for deliver develops also. Subsequently, there is a more prominent requirement for
different editing on the ranches and this along these lines requires effective and high-limit
machines. Motorization of the Agricultural business in India is still in a phase of earliest stages
because of the absence of learning and the inaccessibility of cutting edge instruments and
hardware. In conventional methodologies seed sowing is done by conveying physically,
opening wrinkles by a furrow and dropping seeds by hand. The system is utilized for sensing,
monitoring, controlling and for communication purpose. Different sensors are used to detect
the various parameters of the soil like moisture. Depending upon the sensors output the
Microcontroller will take the necessary action. The moisture sensor output will help to
determine whether to irrigate the land or not depending upon the moisture content. Along with
moisture sensor the temperature sensor output can also be taken into consideration while
irrigating the land. If the moisture content of soil is very low and the temperature is very high
then there is need of irrigation for plants, but the time for which irrigation will be provided is
different for different temperature range.
Android based farmer friendly Agricultural Robot with motorized
shovel control system and automatic seed dispensing system

AIMS:

The main aim of the project is to developed for the sowing of seeds in an automatic way. Here
with the help of a robot the seeds are been dispensed in the soil in a proper sequence hereby
reducing the wastage of seeds. This robot will help the farmers to do the farming process
efficiently.

OBJECTIVE:

1. To create an automatic seed dispenser machine which will help farmers to perform the
process fast and efficiently.
2. Android app will enable the process to complete fast and without any hardship.

LITERATURE SURVEY:

Electric Agricultural Robot with Multi-Layer-Control ;Hans W, Jger, Claes Lund Dhring; Jger,
Karina Dhring; Paper presented at International Conference of Agricultural Engineering,
Valencia, Spain. (2012)

Research within agricultural technology focuses mainly on increasing the efficiency of crop
production. Electric powered machines have several advantages. The machine control is much
easier in terms of sensor integration, active navigation and task application compared with
traditional machine types. Furthermore, low machine weights and the use of renewable
energy to provide the necessary energy contribute to soil protection and low emission
performance. The aim of the paper was to describe the design, the control and the
renewable energy supply for a small electric powered robot for outdoor field monitoring and
other operations. Furthermore the energy consumption for the different operations scenarios
was determined based on power consumption measurements for the basic navigation modes.
Additionally two different charging scenarios have been investigated. The investigation has
shown that it is possible to power a robot using PV cells for an operation time of 11 to 13 hours.
The PV charging solutions are expensive compared with using the public power grid. They are
only viable when there is no access to the grid.
Android based farmer friendly Agricultural Robot with motorized
shovel control system and automatic seed dispensing system

Autonomous Robots for Agricultural Tasks and Farm Assignment and Future Trends in Agro
Robots; Sajjad Yaghoubi, Negar Ali Akbarzadeh, Shadi Sadeghi Bazargani, Sama Sadeghi
Bazargani, Marjan Bamizan, Maryam Irani Asl; International Journal of Mechanical
Mechatronics Engineering IJMME-IJENS Vol:13 No:03, (June 2013)

This article provides an overview of worldwide development and current status of precision-
agriculture technologies based on literatures generated mainly during the past years. The topics
include natural-resource variability; variability management; management zone; impact of
precision-agriculture technologies on farm profitability and environment; engineering
innovations; information management; worldwide application and adoption trend of precision-
agriculture technologies; and potentials of the technologies in modernizing the agriculture in
the world.
A brief review of research in agricultural vehicle guidance technologies is presented.
Application of new popular robotic technologies will augment the realization of agricultural
vehicle in future.
Agricultural Robotics is the logical proliferation of automation technology into bio systems
such as agriculture, forestry, green house, horticulture etc. Presently a number of researches
are being done to increase their applications. Some of the scientist contributions are mobile
robot, flying robot, forester robot, Demeter which are exclusively used for agriculture. A brief
discussion is being done about the types of robots which increase the accuracy and precision
of the agriculture.
Android based farmer friendly Agricultural Robot with motorized
shovel control system and automatic seed dispensing system

New Trends in Robotics for Agriculture: Integration and Assessment of a Real Fleet of Robots;
Luis Emmi, Mariano Gonzalezde- Soto, Gonzalo Pajareand Pablo Gonzalez-de-Santos;
January (2014)

Computer-based sensors and actuators such as global positioning systems, machine vision, and
laser-based sensors have progressively been incorporated into mobile robots with the aim of
configuring autonomous systems capable of shifting operator activities in agricultural tasks.
However, the incorporation of many electronic systems into a robot impairs its reliability and
increases its cost. Hardware minimization, as well as software minimization and ease of
integration, is essential to obtain feasible robotic systems. A step forward in the application of
automatic equipment in agriculture is the use of fleets of robots, in which a number of
specialized robots collaborate to accomplish one or several agricultural tasks. This paper strives
to develop a system architecture for both individual robots and robots working in fleets to
improve reliability, decrease complexity and costs, and permit the integration of software from
different developers. Several solutions are studied, from a fully distributed to a whole
integrated architecture in which a central computer runs all processes. This work also studies
diverse topologies for controlling fleets of robots and advances other prospective topologies.
The architecture presented in this paper is being successfully applied in the RHEA fleet, which
comprises three ground mobile units based on a commercial tractor chassis.
Android based farmer friendly Agricultural Robot with motorized
shovel control system and automatic seed dispensing system

Fernando A. Auat Cheein, Ri Cardo Li, "Agriculture Robotics: Unmanned Robotic Service
Units in agriculture tasks", IEEE industrial electronics magazine, Sep 2013.

The application of agricultural machinery in precision agriculture has experienced an increase

in investment and research due to the use of robotics applications in the machinery design and
task executions. Precision autonomous farming is the operation, guidance, and control of
autonomous machines to carry out agricultural tasks. It motivates agricultural robotics. It is
expected that, in the near future, autonomous vehicles will be at the heart of all precision
agriculture applications. The goal of agricultural robotics is more than just the application of
robotics technologies to agriculture. Currently, most of the automatic agricultural vehicles used
for weed detection, agrochemical dispersal, terrain levelling, irrigation, etc. are manned. An
autonomous performance of such vehicles will allow for the continuous supervision of the
field, since information regarding the environment can be autonomously acquired, and the
vehicle can then perform its task accordingly.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT:

The agrobot can perform operations of ploughing, sowing and fertilizing the plants. The
agrobot can assure unimaginable efficiency and quality of yield. The robot is provided with
four wheels run by DC motors. The front part of the robot comprises of circular disc type
ploughs to loosen the soil. A sharp rod positioned at the centre of breadth immediately behind
the ploughs to create fissure on the field for the seeds to be planted. The seeds are stored in a
funnel which is provided with a valve to regulate the release of seeds. The valve is operated by
a dc motor, actuated by microcontroller. The microcontroller will ensure that the valve opens
and closes within seconds. An average of four seeds will be released when the valve opens (this
can be user defined). The time between two consecutive releases of seeds can be adjusted by
defining spacing between plants. The rear of the bot has a plate that will enable shoving the
soil over the seeds filled fissures. The robot is also fitted with a buzzer to produce an alarm
upon lack of seeds and completion of the work. The robot consists of a fertilizer container
which is fitted with tubes controlled by a switch. The robot is equipped with a small cylindrical
tank to store the fertilizer. The fertilizer from the tank is pumped to the sprinkler using a
Android based farmer friendly Agricultural Robot with motorized
shovel control system and automatic seed dispensing system
hydraulic pump. When the farmer needs to fertilize the plants he can opt for fertilizer operation
in the bot, so that the robot can move across the field and spray the fertilizer.

NONFUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS:

The robot runs on a PIC16F877A microcontroller. To fill the seeds into the fissures made by
the plough in an efficient way, a DC motor controlled valve mechanism is employed which
functions as follows: the seeds are collected from the storage in a funnel shaped seed collector
which is controlled by motor mechanism. The funnel opening is kept closed by movable
metallic slab provided with a hole whose radius depends on the dimensions of the seed used.
When the robot moves the defined distance (entered by the farmer), the microcontroller will
energize the DC motor attached to a rack and pinion arrangement. The motor will move the
metallic piece such that it allows the seeds to fall to the ground. Different metal pieces can be
used for varying seed sizes. The diameter of the tube will let on an average of four seeds at a
time. Once the seeds are released for set time, the microcontroller will send a signal to the
motor driver circuit to reverse the direction of rotation of motor thereby bringing back the
metallic rod to its original position, thus blocking the seed. Prior to the operation of the robot,
the farmer has to enter the length and breadth of the field and distance between the plants in
the field. So for every distance between the seeds entered, the same process is repeated and the
microcontroller compares the distance covered by the robot with the dimensions of the field.

EXISTING SYSTEM:

When we look at the agricultural side ploughing and seed dispensing could be done by with
the help of labours and labour can have work whole day in humidity and sunlight.

It is very slow process and takes more time for dispensing seeds in to the land.

To overcome from these problems, the now the agriculture industries is moving towards the
technology.
Android based farmer friendly Agricultural Robot with motorized
shovel control system and automatic seed dispensing system

PROPOSED SYSTEM:

One of the ways that farmers are beginning to explore new technologies in farming come from
the autonomous tractor. The android based wireless tractor is something that is very new to
the agriculture industry, but is quickly gaining popularity from agriculture research companies
around the United States. These tractors are described by Farm Industry News as a tractor that
drives its solve with a computer in control. Although still in the research phase of development,
autonomous tractors are rapidly becoming more of a reality than an idea.

When the tractor is moving on a surface, it is controlled by wireless by Bluetooth and android
app Technology. This can be moved forward and reverse direction using geared motors of
60RPM. Also this robot can take sharp turnings towards left and right directions. This project
uses AT89S52 MCU as its controller.

This project uses 12V battery, The battery can be changed by conventional power
supply or by the solar energy.

DESIGN MODULES:

AA
Smart
Android
mobile
app
 Android based farmer friendly Agricultural Robot with motorized
shovel control system and automatic seed dispensing system

Grass
Geared
cutter
Motor-|
HC05
H- l
Receiver Bridge

Geared Water
A sprinkler
Motor -||

8 Automatic

9 ploughing

5
Geared
Gearing
Crystal 2
Motor-| mechanism

H-
Bridge

Reset Geared
Automatic
Motor-|| seeder
Android based farmer friendly Agricultural Robot with motorized
shovel control system and automatic seed dispensing system

CONCLUSION:

The main focus of this system is its Automatic way of sowing the seeds. The seeds are been
sowed in a proper sequence which results in proper germination of seeds. This automatic way
of sowing seeds using a robot reduces the labour requirement. Here the wastage of seeds is also
been reduced to a greater extent. This system has been developed for the sowing of seeds in an
automatic way. Here with the help of a robot the seeds are been dispensed in the soil in a proper
sequence hereby reducing the wastage of seeds. This robot will help the farmers to do the
farming process efficiently.

FUTURE WORK:

IN the future work of this system one can add the artificial intelligence concept which will
enhance the overall process of agriculture robot.

REFERENCES:

1.Electric Agricultural Robot with Multi-Layer-Control; Griepentrog, Hans W., Jger, Claes
Lund Dhring; Jger, Karina Dhring; Paper presented at International Conference of Agricultural
Engineering, Valencia, Spain. (2012)

2. Autonomous Robots for Agricultural Tasks and Farm Assignment and Future Trends
in Agro Robots; Sajjad Yaghoubi, Negar Ali Akbarzadeh, Shadi Sadeghi Bazargani, Sama
Sadeghi Bazargani, Marjan Bamizan, Maryam Irani Asl; International Journal of Mechanical
Mechatronics Engineering IJMME-IJENS Vol:13 No:03, (June 2013)

3.New Trends in Robotics for Agriculture: Integration and Assessment of a Real Fleet of
Robots; Luis Emmi, Mariano Gonzalezde- Soto, Gonzalo Pajareand Pablo Gonzalez-de-
Santos; January (2014)
Android based farmer friendly Agricultural Robot with motorized
shovel control system and automatic seed dispensing system
4.Multifunctional Robotic Vehicle for Agriculture Application; Charansingh A. Patil, Sunil U.
Nyati; International Conference on Global Trends in Engineering, Technology and
Management (ICGTETM-2016).
Android based farmer friendly Agricultural Robot with motorized
shovel control system and automatic seed dispensing system