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Classification
The PID controller comprises all the control components, i.e the P-, I- and D-action components.
Accordingly the following expression is true of the relationship between the error signal e(t)
(input variable of the controller) and the manipulated variable y(t) (output variable of the
controller)
The following Figure shows the step response and block symbol of the PID controller.
The parameter KP is termed the proportional coefficient of the PID controller, the parameter TN
is the reset time and the parameter TV is the rate time. The manipulated variable generated by the
PID controller in immediate response to the step change is theoretically inifinitely large due to
differentiation (infinitely steep edge of the step function); in actual practice it is limited to a finite
value due above all to technical boundary conditions.
How can the parameters KP and TN be graphically derived from the step response? Enter your
answer into the answer box below.
What is the operational amplifier OV4 for? Which is the purpose of the switch S and, if
present, the resistor R3? Enter your answers in the answer box below.
controlled system
Im the subsequent experiment a control loop is to be set up with a PT2 controlled system and a
PID controller. The response of the closed control loop is to be compared to that of control loops
with P, PI and PD action.
Set up the experiment circuit shown below. Configure the parameters of the PID experiment
card so that it operates as a PID controller and set the controller parameters as follows: KP =
2, TN = 0.1 s and TV = 0.01 s.
Activate the step response plotter and configure it as shown in the following Table.
Settings Input
Settings Output
Delay time/ms 0
Measurements 300
Settings Diagram
Now determine the step response (reference variable and controlled variable) of the closed
control loop and copy it into the space reserved below.
Describe the characteristic of the step response. How do you assess the control response in
comparison to systems with P, PI and PD action? Enter your answers into the following
answer box.
Kontroler PID
Klasifikasi
Kontroler PID terdiri dari semua komponen kontrol, yaitu komponen aksi P, I, dan D. Dengan demikian,
ungkapan berikut ini benar untuk hubungan antara sinyal kesalahan e (t) (variabel input pengontrol) dan
variabel yang dimanipulasi y (t) (variabel keluaran pengontrol)
Gambar berikut ini menunjukkan respons langkah dan simbol blok pengontrol PID.
Parameter KP disebut koefisien proporsional dari kontroler PID, parameter TN adalah waktu
reset dan parameter TV adalah waktu rate. Variabel yang dimanipulasi yang dihasilkan oleh pengontrol
PID sebagai respons langsung terhadap perubahan langkah secara teoritis tak terhingga besar karena
diferensiasi (tepi curam tak terhingga dari fungsi langkah); dalam praktik yang sebenarnya itu terbatas
pada nilai yang terbatas karena di atas segalanya untuk kondisi batas teknis.
Settings Input
Settings Output
Delay time/ms 0
Measurements 300
Settings Diagram