IMOGENE KING

Systems Framework and Theory of Goal Attainment Important Aspects of the Theory:
 The nurse is a licensed practitioner of
King’s Conceptual System professional nursing
 The client has a need for services provided by
Components: nursing
1. goal- health  Generally, the nurse and client initially meet as
2. structure- 3 open systems strangers
3. functions- demonstrated in reciprocal relations of  The nurse and the client meet in mutual
individuals in interactions and transactions presence and interact with the purpose of
4. resources- people, money, goods, services meeting goals.
5. decision-making- occurs when choices are made  The nurse-client relationship is one of
in resource allocation to support attaining system reciprocity
goals  Interactions occur in a dyad
 Interactions occur between the professional
Assumptions: nurse and the client in need of nursing
1. human beings are open systems in constant  The environment for interactions is a natural
interaction with the environment one.
2. nursing’s focus is human beings interacting
with the environment Nursing Metaparadigm
3. nursing’s goal is to help individuals and groups 1. human beings
maintain health
• social, sentient, rational, reacting,
perceiving, controlling, purposeful,
Three Systems Involved:
action and time-oriented
1. Personal Systems- represents an individual
• 3 needs
a. Perception- major concept of a personal
i. Health information that is
system, influences all behaviours
usable at the time when it is
i. Universal
needed and can be used
ii. Subjective/ personal
ii. Care that seeks to prevent
iii. Selective
illness
b. Self- dynamic person, open system, actions are
iii. Care when human beings are
oriented toward achieving goals
unable to care for themselves
- Made up of thoughts and feelings related
health
to one’s awareness of being a person
- Differentiates one’s inner world from the • dynamic life experiences of a human
outer world being
- Attitudes, ideas, values, commitments • dynamic state of an individual
Growth and Development • holistic state: genetic, subjective,
Changes in behaviour at the cellular and molecular relative, dynamic, environmental,
levels cultural, perceptual
- Processes in people’s lives through which • functional state versus illness
they move from a potential for environment/ society
achievement to actualization of self • social system
- Influenced by genetic makeup, life • focuses on the external environment
experiences, environment nursing
d. Body image- includes • nurse and client using action, reaction and
the way a person perceive one’s body interaction in a health care situation
and other’s reaction to one’s appearance • action
- Personal/ subjective, acquired/ learned, • reaction
dynamic • interaction
Space- universal • goal: to help individuals maintain or
- May be personal/ subjective regain health
- Situational and dependent on relationships • domain: promoting, maintaining,
- Dimensional restoring health, and caring for
- Transactional the sick, injured, and dying
- Influenced by culture • function of the nurse: interpret
Time- information in the nursing
process
The Theory of Goal Attainment

Predictive propositions:
 Perceptual accuracy, role congruence and
communication in a nurse-client interaction
leads to transaction
 Transactions lead to goal attainment and
growth and development
 Goal attainment leads to satisfaction and to
effective nursing care
  Generally, the nurse and client initially
meet as strangers
IMOGENE KING  The nurse and the client meet in mutual
Systems Framework and Theory of Goal presence and interact with the purpose of
Attainment meeting goals.
 The nurse-client relationship is one of
King’s Conceptual System reciprocity
 Interactions occur in a dyad
Components:  Interactions occur between the
1. goal professional nurse and the client in need of
2. structure nursing
3. functions  The environment for interactions is a
4. resources natural one.
5. decision-making
Nursing Metaparadigm
Assumptions: 2. human beings
1. human beings are open systems in constant
• social, sentient, rational, reacting,
interaction with the environment
perceiving, controlling, purposeful,
2. nursing’s focus is human beings interacting
action and time-oriented
with the environment
• 3 needs
3. nursing’s goal is to help individuals and
i. Health information that is
groups maintain health
usable at the time when it
is needed and can be used
Three Systems Involved
ii. Care that seeks to prevent
1. Personal Systems
illness
a. Perception
iii. Care when human beings
b. Self
are unable to care for
c. Growth and Development
themselves
d. Body image
health
e. Space
f. Time • dynamic life experiences of a
g. Learning human being
Interpersonal Systems • dynamic state of an individual
a. Interaction • holistic state: genetic, subjective,
b. Communication relative, dynamic, environmental,
c. Transaction cultural, perceptual
d. Role • functional state versus illness
e. Stress environment/ society
3. Social Systems • social system
a. Organization • focuses on the external environment
b. Authority nursing
c. Power • nurse and client using action, reaction
d. Status and interaction in a health care
e. Decision-making situation
f. Control • action
• reaction
The Theory of Goal Attainment
• interaction
Predictive propositions: • goal: to help individuals maintain or
 Perceptual accuracy, role congruence and regain health
communication in a nurse-client interaction • domain: promoting, maintaining,
leads to transaction restoring health, and caring
 Transactions lead to goal attainment and for the sick, injured, and
growth and development dying
 Goal attainment leads to satisfaction and • function of the nurse: interpret
to effective nursing care information in the nursing
process
Important Aspects of the Theory:
 The nurse is a licensed practitioner of
professional nursing
 The client has a need for services provided
by nursing
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