w w w. i b w a v e .

c o m
IoT
WIRELESS STANDARDS REFERENCE
(Internet of Things)
5G Bluetooth (IEEE 802.15.1) LoRa
Bands: Below 6 GHz, 24-86 GHz (mmWave) Bands: 2.4 GHz Bands: Below 1 GHz
Range: Very high, Global Range: Short, 10 meters Range: High, 10 to 25 km
(depending on line-of-sight)
hh B rings efficiency to cellular based hh  roprietary technology (Ericsson)
P
IoT networks hh Operates in Master-Slave configuration hh Proprietary technology, owned
hh Can provide very low latency and by Semtech (France)
hh Ideal for small devices
connect a million IoT devices per square hh Secure, can transmit encrypted data
hh Used in medical devices and
kilometer at different frequencies and bit rates
industrial sensors
hh Can address outdoor IoT in ways other hh Indoor / outdoor coverage
hh Real time location systems
technologies cannot (low latency and hh Specifically built for IoT
high sensor density) hh Low power, ideal for wearables
hh LoRaWAN is the network on which
hh Lots of friendly IoT features, but will be hh Three different classes of BT radios:
LoRa operates
difficult to unseat Wi-Fi as undisputed \\ 0-20 dBm power
hh Low power
indoor IoT network provider \\ 1-30 meter range
hh Industrial and offshore usage,
\\ Up to 2 Mb/s Smart Cities

NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT)

LTE-M
Bands: 452 MHz to 2200 MHz
Range: High, 35 km Bands: Below 1GHz / 4G-LTE
Sigfox
Range: Very high, Global Bands: 868 MHz (Europe), 902 MHz (US)
hh Focused on indoor coverage Range: High, 3-10 km in urban settings,
hh Uses subset of LTE hh I deal for tracking moving objects 30-50 km in rural areas,
over long distances up to 1,000 km in line-of-site applications
hh Low cost and low power, high battery life
hh Indoor / outdoor coverage
hh Deeper penetration in-building but more hh Ultra narrow band with minimal
complex to implement hh High security provided through SIM chip interference
hh Can use legacy 2G-3G networks if LTE hh Low power, high battery life
is unavailable
hh Requires a mobile operator to carry
hh Location services provided through cell the generated traffic
Wi-Fi (IEEE-802.11) tower positioning, cheaper than GPS
hh Works during power failures
hh Star network topology
Bands: 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz (using base stations)
Range: Medium, 100 meters

hh H igh adoption; majority of indoor IoT

operate on Wi-Fi
hh Easy to implement, easy to use
short-range wireless connectivity
with cross-vendor interoperability
hh Zero spectrum cost
hh A lot of old IoT sensors (802.11b/g)
are still operational
hh Outdoor: 802.11ah: Range up to 1 km
hh Indoor: 802.11ax: A lot of IoT friendly
features
\\ Targeted wake time
\\ Up to 18 clients can send data
at the same time
Zigbee (IEEE 802.15.4)
Bands: 2.4 GHz Z-Wave
Range: Low, 10 to 100 meters
Bands: Below 1 GHz
hh Industrial applications and Range: 30 meters
some home products
hh Popular with IoT devices
hh Low transmit power
hh Applications in home automation
hh Low data rate (250 kb/s) (used by Amazon Echo)
hh Low battery consumption hh Most open development environment
hh Secure 128-bit encryption for smart products (using ITU-T G.9959
hh Cheaper alternative to Bluetooth global radio standard)
and Wi-Fi (home energy monitoring,
wireless light switches, Traffic
management)