TYPE OF BUILDINGS (Type)

I.) Wood construction

II.) Wood construction with 1 hour fire resistive
III.) Masonry and wood construction
IV.) Steel, Iron, Concrete, and Masonry
V.) Fire Resistive

BUILDING CATEGORIES ACCORDING TO USE (Group)

A.) Residential Buildings
B.) Residentials, Hotels, and Apartments
C.) Education and Recreation
Ex: TIP
D.) Institutional
Ex: Hospitals, Libraries
E.) Business and Mercantile
Ex: SM
F.) Industrial
Ex: Plants, Factories
G.) Storage and Hazardous
Ex: Tanks, Silos etc.
H.) Assembly (100 loads)
I.) Assembly (1000 loads)
Ex: MOA,
J.) Accessory
Ex: sattelite dish, sattelite tower

BUILDING PERMIT
-a document must provide before start of project

REQUIREMENTS NEEDED FOR BUILDING PERMIT

1.) Brgy Clearance
2.) Association Clearance
3.) Consent of Owner/SPA(Special Power of Attorney)
4.) Transfer Certificate of Title
5.) Tax Declaration
6.) Deed of Absolute Sales
7.) Contract/Agreement with the General Contractor (contract price included)
8.) Contract/Agreement with the General Subcontractor (contract price included)
9.) Fire Safety Certificate Checklist
10.) Location Clearance
11.) DENR Environmental Compliance Certificate
12.) Laguna Lake Development Certificate (LLDA)
13.)Fully Accomplish Application Plans
a.) Building
b.) Sanitary/Plumbing
c.) Electrical
d.) Mechanical
14.)5 Sets of Building Plans and Specifications
a.)Architectural Plans
b.)Structural Plans
c.)Plumbing/Sanitary Plans
d.)Electrical Plans
15.) 3 Sets
a.) Structural Design Computations
b.) Bill of Materials/Quantities
c.) Specification

OCCUPANCY PERMIT
-the complete document when the structure completed
-proof that the structure is suitable for occupancy
-proof that the structure complies with all building codes
*Property Coversion
*Change of Ownership
*Major Contruction
Change in type
- no change shall be made unless the building complies with the requirements for
the new type
Ex: Retrofitting

FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES (RA 9514)

Fire Zones
-areas within which only certain types of buildings are permitted to be constructed
-dependent on use or occupancy,
Fire Ressistive Rating
-degree to which a material can withstand fire
Fire Ressistive Time Period Rating
-length of time a material can withstand burning
-1hr/2hr/3hr/4hr Fire resistive
Other notes
BFO -Beur Fire Official
FSIC - Fire Safety Inspection Certificate
FALAR - Fire and Life Assessment Report
1.) FALAR 1 (Design Phase)
2.) FALAR 3 (Construction Phase)
3.) FALAR 3 (Maintenance)

MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS A DWELLINGS

1.) dwelling location and lot occupancy
2.) floor area are not more than 90% of a corner lot
3.) floor area are not more than 80% of an inside lot
4.) at least 2 m to the property line
5.) light and ventilation
6.) sanitation
7.) foundation ( at least 250 mm thick and TOF[Top of Footing] is at least 600 mm
below NGL[Natural Grade Line])
8.) post
9.) floor ( LL for the 1st floor atleast 200 kg/m^2 and LL for suceeding load at
least 150 kg/m^2 )
10.) roof
11.) stairs (at least 750 mm width rise of 200 mm and run of 200 mm)
12.) entrance and exit
13.) electrical requirements
14.) mechanical requirements

CONSTRUCTION METHOD
1.) Surveying
2.) Clearing and grubbbing
3.) Excavation works for foundation
Natural Grade Line( NGL)
Finish Floor Level (FFL)
Gravel Bedding - isolation of foundation to soil
Curing (watering of concrete to maintain its intended strength)
4.) Concreting foundation
5.) Embankment of the soil excavated
15% to 25%
6.) Finish the other parts
Structure must be poured monoticaly to avoid cold joints
7.) Do the architectural works

Natonal
1.) Technical plans for Architectural
2.) Materials in Architectural Plans
3.) Estimates in Architectural Plans

ARCHITECTURAL PLANS
1.) Perspective
-a 3D representation of the final output of the project
2.) Vicinity Plan
-the location of the project within the vicinity of the city or municipality
3.) Site Plan
-location of the project within the proposed lot area
4.) Floor Plan
-arrangements of spaces in the project per floor level
5.) Elevation
-flat representative of the buildng as seen on each side
6.) Section
-a vertical plane cut through the building to expose the enterior of the structure
7.) Doors and Window Schedule
8.) Schedule of finishes
9.) Toilet and Bath Layout
-details of the toilet and bathroom in the building and its specification
10.) Ceiling Plan

STRUCTURAL PLANS
1.) Foundation Plan
2.) Framing
3.) Root plan/ details
4.) Structural

ARCHITECTURAL MATERIALS
1.) Doors
2.) Windows
3.) Tiles
4.) Paints
5.) Masonry
Splicing - joining two discontinuous member
Stack and Running Bond - common method use in the philippines

FLOOR PLANNING
1.) Distribution
2.) Circulation
3.) Light and ventilation
4.) Size, Area and Shape
5.) Orientation
6.) Zoning laws
7.) Height
8.) Electrical and Mechanical Facilities
9.) Location of doors and windows
10.) Superstition

Assignment (chapter 8)
- all buildings shall face a street or public
- not exceeding to 1.20 m in width
- minimum horizontal dimension of court shall not be less than 2.00 meters
- (inner court) either by passageway with a minimum width of 1.20 meters or by a
door
1.) Ceiling Height
- with artificial ventilation is 2.40 meters
- minimum ceiling height (first storey) is 2.70 meters
- minimum ceiling height (second storey) is 2.40 meters
- suceeding storey is 2.10 meters
- with natural ventilation is 2.70 meters
- with mazzazine floor is 1.80 meters
2.) Rooms
-Human habitation
*a -6 sq meters *d- 2 meters
-Kitchen
*a- 3 sq meters *d- 1.5 meters
-Bath and toilet
*a- 1.2 sq meters *d- 0.9 meters
3.) Air space
-School
*v- 3 cu. meters *a/p- 1 sq meters
-Workshop, Factories, and Offices
*v- 12 cu meters
-Habitable room
*v- 14 cu meters
4.) Window Openings
- at least 10% of total area of floor
5.) Vent shaft
-vent
Area- not less than 0.10-1.00 sq meter
Dimension- 600 mm
-air duct
Area- 0.30
Dimension- 300 mm
6.) Artificial Ventilation
-for office, stock room etc.
3 changes of air per hour
-for kitchen, laundries etc.
10 changes of air per hour
-for assembly
0.3 cu m per minute
-for wards or dormitory
0.45 cu m per minute

SLAB
One way slab
Longer span/shorter span < 2
Two way slab
Longer span/shorter span > 2
150 - 250 mm -average thickness depending on requirement
10 mm - smallest diameter of plywood can be used
Shoring- to provide initial support
1 m^2 spacing to provide adequate support

BEAM
Minimum dimension of 250 mm
Base of the beam is twice the
Cold joints - product of non monolithic structure
Rebar - 16 mm diameter minimum
-resist greatly in tension
Stirrups - provide support for tension
Honeycomb (ampaw) -
GIRDER
- a girder is always a beam, but not all beams are girders

COLUMN
Lateral ties
- square column
Spiral ties
-circular column

Types of steel members

W - wide flange
a.) Flange - for torsional
b.) Web - for shearing, and tensional
HP - Hollow pipes
T
L - Angular Bars
2L
I - web is larher than flanges

FOUNDATION
A.) Shallow foundation
Isolated footing
Combined footing
Trapezoidal footing
Strap footing
Mat or Raft
B.) Deep Foundation
Bearing piles
Friction piles
Pile Caps

Casted in place- steel casing

Pre fabricated - altedy made

WALL FOOTING / FOOTING TIE BEAM