1.

Gerund

Gerund adalah kata kerja dasar yang ditambah dengan -ing (V1 + ing) yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda,
seperti subjek, objek, kepunyaan, dll.

a. Sebagai Subjek

Terletak di awal kalimat sebelum kata kerja (Verb).

e.g:

ü Reading the mathematics and chemistry books makes me bored and sleepy.

ü Practicing with your friend may ease you to understand it.

b. Sebagai Objek

Terletak setelah kata kerja tertentu, seperti:

Admit

Appreciate

Avoid

Can’t help

Can’t stand

Can’t stop

Consider

Delay deny

Enjoy

Finish

Mind miss

Keep

Postpone
Practice

Quit

Recall

Report

Remind

Resist

Resume

Risk

Suggest

e.g:

ü I was avoiding using too much sugar.

ü They really enjoy going to the beach.

c. Setelah Phrase Tertentu

- Look forward to

- Object to

- Confess to

- Tobe/get used to

- Tobe/get accustomed to

- Interested in

- Fond of

- Put on

- Etc
e.g:

ü She is interested in buying that old building.

ü Hana wanted to object to accepting our offer.

d. Setelah Preposisi

- On

- In

- Of

- From

- For

- By

- After

- Before

- Without

- About

- Off

e.g:

ü I can’t live without consuming it.

ü She reached here by riding her bicycle

e. Setelah possessive Adjective

- My
- Your

- Our

- Their

- Her

- His

- Its

- Father’s

e.g:

ü I need your understanding.

ü He was angry because of her crying loud.

2. Infinitive

Infinitive adalah kata kerja bentuk dasar.

a. To infinitive

Bentuk kata kerja yang diawali kata to, misalnya

- To go

- To make

- To study

- To live

- Etc

Pemakaiannya (posisi) meliputi:

1. Setelah kata kerja tertentu

- Agree

- Attempt
- Claim

- Decide

- Demand

- Desire

- Expect

- Fail

- Forget

- Hesitate

- Hope

- Intend

- Learn

- Need

- Offer

- Plan

- Prepare

- Pretend

- Refuse

- Seem

- Strive

- Tend

- Want

- Wish

e.g:

ü I think you seem to get cold now.

ü They never agree to sell it.

2. Setelah kata sifat (Adjective)

e.g:

ü It was hard to understand him.

ü I don’t know but I’m happy to know you.

3. Menyatakan tujuan

e.g:

ü I think we must invite him to make this party more interesting.

ü I come here to take you.

b. Bare infinitive (without to)

Bentuk kata kerja dasar tanpa to.

Pemakaiannya (posisi) adalah:

1. Setelah kata kerja tertentu

- Make

- Let

- Cause

- Have

e.g:

ü We have our friend do our assignment.

ü It causes her cry.

2. Setelah kata kerja panca indera(verbs of senses)

- See

- Notice

- Hear

- Smell

- Feel

+ O + infinitive/ Ving

e.g:

ü I saw him arrange the flowers.

ü I saw him arranging the flowers.

3. Setelah modals

- Can

- May

- Must

- Will

- Shall

- Could

- Might

- Had to

- Would

- Should

e.g:
ü We can do it

The student will represent us there.

Exercise:

1. His father is an experienced investor who is accustomed to … with residential properties.

a. Deal

b. Dealing

c. Be dealing

d. Be dealt

2. We made the pie with … cherries.

a. Pit

b. Pitted

c. Pitting

d. Pitting of

3. The patient should avoid … cosmetics during the skin recovery.

a. To wear

b. Wearing

c. To wearing

d. Wear
4. Prima’s father is looking forward to … the premiere of “Garuda di Dadaku”.

a. Attend

b. Attending

c. Attended

d. Attends

5. Since Mario is a presenter, he is used to … in front of the spectators.

a. Speak

b. Speaks

c. Speaking

d. Spoke

6. After attending the wedding party, Dona continued … the meal and having dinner with her family.

a. Heating

b. To heat

c. Heat

d. Heats

7. Would you mind … please?

a. To pass the sugar

b. Pass me the sugar

c. Passing the sugar

d. To pass me the sugar

8. After … an investigation for alleged tax violations. Spiro Agnew resigned the vice-presidency in
1973.

a. Underwent

b. To undergo

c. Been undergone

d. Undergoing

9. … taking over the leadership of this project is what made it succed.

a. Her

b. She

c. She is

d. Her having

10. Indonesians … soup with rice

a. Accustomed to eat

b. Are accustomed to eating

c. Have the custom to eat

d. Are accustoming in drinking

11. I am absolutely sure you are capable ofpass

A B C D

the examination.

12. I am now … tea without sugar.

a. Accustomed to drink

b. Accustomed to drinking
c. Have the custom to drink

d. Accustoming in drinking

13. Jim said that he wouldn’t mind … for an hour.

a. To wait for her

b. Wait for her

c. Waiting for her

d. For waiting her

14. She is considering … to the OSIS’s concert.

a. Not going

b. Not go

c. Not to go

d. No goes

15. In the film world, professionals are accustomed to … a negative into a computer at the highest
resolutions possible.

a. Scan

b. Scanning

c. Be scanned

d. Be scanning

16. It was very kind of my friend to help me … cash money.

a. To count

b. Counted
c. Counts

d. Count

17. Many kids refuse to eat healthy food because their parents always let them … whatever they like.

a. Eat

b. To eat

c. Eating

d. Ate

18. The guess made the bell boy … the luggage.

a. To bring

b. Brought

c. Brings

d. Bring

19. Susan decides … that she has committed a crime.

a. Confess

b. Confessing

c. Confessed

d. To confess

20. Susi made Andi … his sandals before he went into her house.
a. Takes off

b. Take off

c. Took off

d. Taken off

21. If people have to pay cash to buy a house, nobody can afford … it.

a. Buy

b. To buy

c. Buying

d. For buying

22. My teacher made me … the history project in a week.

a. Do

b. To do

c. Done

d. Doing

Pembahasan

1. Kunci : B

Pembahasan :

Kata kunci yang muncul dalam soal adalah “is accustomed to “ sehingga pola yang diminta pada soal
adalah “ Tobe + Accustomed To + Ving”

2. Kunci : C

Pembahasan :
Penanda yang terdapat pada soal adalah “Preposition + Ving”

3. Kunci : B

Pembahasan :

Kata kunci yang muncul dalam soal adalah “avoid “ sehingga pola yang diminta pada soal adalah “ avoid
+ Ving”

4. Kunci : B

Pembahasan :

Kata kunci yang muncul dalam soal adalah “is looking forward to “ sehingga pola yang diminta pada soal
adalah “ is looking forward to + Ving”

5. Kunci : C

Pembahasan :

Pola yang diminta pada soal adalah “ Tobe + Used To + Ving”

6. Kunci: A

Pembahasan :

Penanda yang terdapat pada soal adalah “Continue + Ving”

7. Kunci: C

Kata kunci yang muncul dalam soal adalah “mind“ sehingga pola yang diminta pada soal adalah “ mind +
Ving”

8. Kunci: D

Pembahasan :
Penanda yang terdapat pada soal adalah “Preposition + Ving” sehingga pola yan diminta adalah “after +
Ving”

9. Kunci: A

Pembahasan :

Penanda yang terdapat pada soal adalah “Possesive Adj + Ving”

10. Kunci: B

Pembahasan :

Pola yang diminta pada soal adalah “ Tobe + Accustomed To + Ving”

11. Kunci: D

Pembahasan :

Pola yang diminta pada soal adalah “ Tobe + Capable of + Ving”

12. Kunci : B

Pembahasan :

Pola yang diminta pada soal adalah “ Tobe + Accustomed To + Ving”

13. Kunci: C

Pembahasan :

Penanda yang terdapat pada soal adalah “Mind + Ving”

14. Kunci: A

Pembahasan :

Penanda yang terdapat pada soal adalah “Consider + Ving”

15. Kunci: B

Kata kunci yang muncul dalam soal adalah “are accustomed to “ sehingga pola yang diminta pada soal
adalah “ Tobe + Accustomed To + Ving”

16. Kunci : D

Pembahasan :

Penanda yang terdapat pada soal adalah “Help + O + V1”

17. Kunci : A

Pembahasan :

Penanda yang terdapat pada soal adalah “Let + O + V1”

18. Kunci : D

Pembahasan :

Penanda yang terdapat pada soal adalah “make + O + V1”

19. Kunci : D

Pembahasan :

Penanda yang terdapat pada soal adalah “Decide + To V1”

20. Kunci: B

Pembahasan :

Penanda yang terdapat pada soal adalah “make + O + V1”

21. Kunci : B

Pembahasan :
Penanda yang terdapat pada soal adalah “Afford + To V1”

22. Kunci : A

Pembahasan:

Penanda yang terdapat pada soal adalah “make + O + V1”