Petrophysical Information

Petrophysical information (Verlo and Hatland, 2008)

The petrophysics of the Norne main field is based on data from the two exploration
wells 6608/10‐2 and 6608/10‐3. In 1994 the exploration well 6608/10‐4 was drilled in
the G‐segment creating base for the petrophysical interpretation of this area. The base
measurements for the evaluation are; wireline log data, conventional and special core
analysis, formation pressure points and fluid samples [Statoil, 2001].

A total picture of the porosity of the Norne Field is obtained by relating the core
porosity to the density log. As a consequence, the water saturation has to be calculated
using Archie's formula. The net to gross ratio and permeability were also estimated in
this study. For the G‐segment, separate values for net to gross ratio, porosity, water
saturation and permeability were calculated. The Norne reservoir has good to very good
reservoir properties with average porosities in the range 20% ‐ 30%, average net to
gross value in the range of 0.7 – 1.0, water saturation from 12% to 43% in the
hydrocarbon zones and permeability values ranging from approximately 20 to 2500 mD
[Statoil, 2001].

Since the first study, other wells have been cored on the Norne Field. They include wells
6608/10‐D‐1 H, 6608/10‐C‐4 H and 6608/10‐F‐1 H. Based on these new cores, revisions
of porosity/permeability relations and the water saturation have been made [Statoil,
2001]. The petrophysical parameters have been modelled in the geological model using
co‐located co‐kriging to acoustic impedance [Fawke, 2008].

Well Information:
Well 6608/10‐2.
Spudded at: 28th October 1991
Total depth (TD) of the well was at 3678 m below Rotary Kelly Bushing (RKB), and this
depth was reached December 16th the same year. In January 1992, four drill stem tests
were carried out on this well, which tested gas in the Garn Formation, oil in the Tofte
Formation and water in the Tofte/Tilje Formation. The well discovered a hydrocarbon
column of 135 m in the rocks of Lower and Middle Jurassic. 110 m was oil, and the rest
was an overlying gas cap.

Table 1: Detail description of well 6609/10‐2 (NPD, 2010)
NPDID wellbore: 1782
Well name: 6608/10‐2
Drilling operator name: Den norske stats oljeselskap a.s
Geodetic datum: ED50
Coordinates: 66° 0` 49.35`` N ‐ 8° 4` 26.48`` E
UTM coordinates: 7321933.62 N ‐ 457994.68 E
UTM zone: 32
Drilled in production licence: 128
Area: NORWEGIAN SEA
Discovery: 6608/10‐2 NORNE
Field: NORNE
Drill permit: 701‐L
Drilling facility: ROSS RIG
Drilling days: 94
Wellbore entry date: 28.10.1991
Wellbore completion date: 29.01.1992
Original wellbore purpose: WILDCAT
Wellbore purpose: WILDCAT
Wellbore status: P&A
Wellbore contents: OIL/GAS
Discovery wellbore: YES
Formation/age with hydrocarbons 1: FANGST GP / MIDDLE JURASSIC
Formation/age with hydrocarbons 2: BÅT GP / EARLY JURASSIC
Seismic location: NRGS 85 ‐NRGS84 ‐ 451& SP. 780
Kelly bushing elevation (KB) [m]: 23
Water depth [m]: 374
Total Depth (MD) [m]: 3678
Final vertical depth (TVD) [m]: 3677
Max inclination [°]: 4.00
Bottom hole temperature [°C]: 133
Oldest penetrated age: LATE TRIASSIC
Oldest penetrated formation ÅRE FM

Well 6608/10‐3.
Spudded in: January 1993
Total Depth (TD) was reached at 2991 m February 19th 1993. One month later, one drill
stem test was performed, which tested oil in the Ile Formation. The well confirmed the
test results from well 6608/10‐2, and proved the extension of the field to north.
Coordinates: 66° 2` 06.66`` N ‐ 8° 4` 57.97`` E
UTM zone: 32
Area: NORWEGIAN SEA
Discovery: 6608/10‐2 NORNE
Field: NORNE
Drilling facility: ROSS RIG
Drilling days: 64
Original wellbore purpose: APPRAISAL
Wellbore purpose: APPRAISAL
Wellbore status: SUSP.REENTERED LATER
Discovery wellbore: NO
Formation/age with hydrocarbons 1: BÅT GP / EARLY JURASSIC
Formation/age with hydrocarbons 2: FANGST GP / MIDDLE JURASSIC
Seismic location: B‐18‐83& SP. 1345
Oldest penetrated age: EARLY JURASSIC
Oldest penetrated formation: ÅRE FM
Well 6608/10‐4.
Spudded in the end of 1993. This well was drilled in the northeast segment, which is
located approximately 3 km east of the main structure. An oil column of 30.5 m was
discovered in the same structures as the main field. Figure 1 illustrates the location of
the exploration wells. Alternating red and green indicates that there exist both oil and
gas. Green represents oil, while red represents gas.
Coordinates: 66° 2` 25.26`` N ‐ 8° 9` 41.74`` E
UTM zone: 32
Area: NORWEGIAN SEA
Discovery: 6608/10‐4
Field: NORNE
Drilling facility: ROSS ISLE
Drilling days: 82
Original wellbore purpose: WILDCAT
Wellbore purpose: WILDCAT
Wellbore status: P&A
Discovery wellbore: YES
Formation/age with hydrocarbons 1: INTRA MELKE FM SS / MIDDLE JURASSIC
Formation/age with hydrocarbons 2: GARN FM / MIDDLE JURASSIC
Seismic location: ST 9203‐CROSSLINE 2051& INLINE 1230
Oldest penetrated age: EARLY JURASSIC
Oldest penetrated formation: ÅRE FM

Figure 1: Location of exploration wells [NPD, 2008]

Log Data
The wells 6608/10‐2, 6608/10‐3 and 6608/10‐4 have been logged with generally good
quality. Logs give important data for geophysical interpretation of the area. The
different logs used for acquiring data in the field are mentioned below along with the
logging interval given in meter. Tables 4 – 6 shows the available logs in the observation
wells.

Table 4: Available logs in the well 6609/10‐4
(NPD, 2010)
Log type Intervals logged [m]
MWD 465 ‐ 3335
LWD ‐ CDR CDN 2100 ‐ 2573 Table 5: Available logs in the well 6609/10‐3
(NPD, 2010)
DIFL ACL GR 867 ‐ 3661
ZDL GR 867 ‐ 1525
MWD 472 ‐ 2920
ZDL CNL CAL GR 1520 ‐ 2141
DIFL ACL ZDL GR 863 ‐ 1587
ZDL CNL CAL GR 2559 ‐ 3644
CDL CNL GR 1575 ‐ 2914
DLL MLL SL 2559 ‐ 2758
DIFL DAC GR 1574 ‐ 2555
DIPLOG GR 1520 ‐ 2140
DIPL MAC SL 2430 ‐ 2915
DIPLOG GR 2559 ‐ 3332
DLL MLL GR 2539 ‐ 2800
DIPLOG GR 3329 ‐ 3661
FMT HP GR 2498 ‐ 2862
FMT HP GR 2579 ‐ 2800
CBL VDL GR 646 ‐ 2871
FMT HP GR 2650 ‐ 2650
DIPLOG GR 1900 ‐ 2555
CBL VDL GR 394 ‐ 1520
HRDIP GR 2563 ‐ 2905
ACBL GR 1563 ‐ 2559
SWC 894 ‐ 2901
ACBL GR 2405 ‐ 3319
VSP 1240 ‐ 2900
VELOCITY 930 ‐ 3640

Table 6: Available logs in the well 6609/10‐4 (NPD, 2010)
MWD 477 ‐ 2558
DIFL MAC SL 2175 ‐ 2795
ZDL CNL GR 2465 ‐ 2794
DLL MLL GR 2465 ‐ 2650
HRDIP GR 1396 ‐ 2555
FMT GR 2485 ‐ 2662
CBL VDL GR 800 ‐ 2746
VSP 500 ‐ 2750
SWC GR 1430 ‐ 2774
VELOCITY 930 ‐ 3640

The layers Ile 2, Ile 1, Tilje 4, Tilje 3 and Tilje 2 are eroded in well 6608/10‐4. This can be
seen for instance from logs as demonstrated in figure 2, which illustrates correlation of
wells in the Norne Area.
Figure 2: Correlation of Wells in the Norne Area [Statoil, 1995]
Core Data
Core data has also been used as a basis for determination of the petrophysical
properties of the Norne Field. From well 6608/10‐2 there has been cut six cores, eleven
cores are cut from well 6608/10‐3 and 7 from well 6608/10‐4. All this data has been
depth shifted to match the ZDL‐CN‐GR. Photos of cores from the different formation are
included in figures 3 ‐ 8. Use of core measurements is introducing some uncertainties
which should be mentioned. When drilling the cores, the transportation of the cores
and the treatment of the core material are vital. When performing measurements on
the cores, there can be systematic errors connected to equipment and methods. The
plugs may not be of general reservoir quality and will because of that give incorrect
results.

Figure 3: Cores from well 6608/10‐2, interval Figure 5: Cores from well 6608/10‐2, interval
2600‐2605 in the Garn Formation [NPD, 2010]. 2627‐2632 in the Ile Formation [NPD, 2010].
Sandstones deposited near shore with some Sandstones deposited in shoreface environment
tidal influence

Figure 6: Cores from well 6608/10‐2, interval

Figure 4: Cores from well 6608/10‐2, interval 2661‐2665 in the Ror Formation [NPD, 2010].
2611‐2616 in the Not Formation [NPD, 2010]. Very fine grained/shaly sand, deposited in lower
Grey to black claystone with siltstone lamina, shoreface environment with low sediment
deposited in quiet marine environment supply
Figure 7: Cores from well 6608/10‐2, interval 2724‐2729 in the Tilje Formation [NPD, 2010]. Sand, with
some clay and conglomerates, deposited in a marginal marine, tidally affected environment

Figure 8: Cores from well 6608/10‐2, interval 2674‐2679 in the Tofte Formation [NPD, 2010]. Channel
sandstones
Test Data
Well 6608/10‐2: Test data from four drillstem tests (DST) has been reported for this well.
One of the tests showed evidence of Joule‐Thomson effect as the temperature
decreased when the gas flowed from the reservoir to the wellbore. As this test was
performed close to the gas‐oil contact it is likely that the effect is a result of coning. All
the other DST's produced fluids in accordance with the petrophysical evaluation made
here [Statoil,1994].
 DST 1 tested the interval 2715 ‐ 2720 m in the lower Tofte Formation. Max
bottom hole temperature here was 100 ۫C. 310 Sm3 water/day was produced
through a 2" choke.
 DST 2 tested the interval 2673 ‐ 2695 m in the upper Tofte Formation. The
production rate measured was 1165 Sm3/d oil and 108667 Sm3/d gas through a
1.5" choke. Gas‐Oil Ratio was 93 Sm3/Sm3, oil density was 0.856 g/cm3, the gas
gravity was 0.65 and the gas contained 1.8% CO2 and 4 ppm H2S. Max bottom
hole temperature was 98.4 ۫C.
 DST 3 tested the interval 2605 ‐ 2610 m in the lower Garn Formation. The test
produced 33 Sm3 condensate and 582600 Sm3 gas/day through a 19.05 mm
choke. Measured GOR was 17654 Sm3/Sm3, and max bottom hole temperature
was 91.4 ۫C.
 DST 3B tested the interval 2590 2603 m in the Garn Formation. Measured rates
recorded were 100 Sm3/d condensate and 9645000 Sm3 gas/day through a 38.1
mm choke. GOR were recorded to 9450 Sm3/Sm3. The condensate density was
0.783 g/cm3, the gas gravity was 0.645 and the gas contained 1.1% CO2 and 0.5
ppm H2S. Maximum bottom hole temperature measured was 95.5 ۫C. [NPD,
2010].

Well 6608/10‐3. One drill stem test was carried out in this well. The test was performed
in the Ile Formation, in the perforated interval 2617 ‐ 2648 m. The production was
measured to 1250 Sm3/d oil with density of 860 kg/m3 at standard conditions. 102500
Sm3/d gas was produced with relative density of 0.65. The choke was of the size 60/64".
Well 6608/10‐4. In this well, three drill stem tests were performed.
 DST 1 tested the Tofte Formation in the interval 2635 ‐ 2640 m. No formation
fluid was produced to the surface. Minifrac tests were performed at the end of
this test, and the fracture closing pressure was evaluated to 405 bar.
 DST 2 tested the Garn Formation in the interval 2566.2 ‐ 2582.2 m. This test
produced a maximum of 900 Sm3/d oil with a density of 858 kg/m3 at standard
conditions. 75000 Sm3/d gas with a relative density of 0.648 was measured. The
choke was of size 80/64" (31.75 mm). Minifrac tests were performed at the end
of this test, and evaluated the fracture closing pressure to be 410 bar.
 DST 3A tested the Melke Formation. DST 3A in the intervals 2484.5‐2599 m and
2505 ‐ 2514 m.
 DST DST 3B tested the Melke Formation DST 3B in the intervals 2524 ‐ 2531 m.
No formation fluid was produced to the surface. This test proved that the Melke
Formation was tight with oil in place.

FMT‐data
The final data type used for the petrophysical evaluation was the Formation Multi Tester
(FMT) log. This tool enables confirmation of a water bearing reservoir using pore
pressure gradient. It also allows sampling of the formation water. Evaluation of the
FMT‐data gives a base case oil‐water contact at about 2688.5 m TVD/MSL for both well
6608/10‐2 and well 6608/10‐3. Well 6608/10‐4 had a oil‐water contact at 2574.5 m.
Different gas‐oil contacts were observed in wells 6608/10‐2 and 6608/10‐3, while well
6608/10‐4 did not contain any gas [Statoil, 1995]. Well 6608/10‐2 had a gas‐oil contact
at 2580 m TVD/MSL and in well 6608/10‐3 the gasoil contact was at 2575 m TVD/MSL.
The FMT data also suggests that there is a small pressure barrier in the northern
segment (Segment E), caused by the presence of the Not Formation. Figure 9 illustrates
this feature. However, it is shown by fluid analysis that it is the same composition of oil
above and below this barrier. The calculated gradients are given in Table 7. Reference
depth used in the oil zone was 2639 m and the formation pressure was 273.2 bar.
[Statoil, 1994].
Figure 9: Fluid model, from [Statoil, 1994]

Table 7: Calculated gradients, with some uncertainty [Statoil, 1994]
Fluid Gradient g/cm3
Oil 0.72
Gas 0.19
Water 1.02
Interpretation parameters
The lithology factor, a, the cementation factor, m, and the saturation exponent, n, have
been estimated based on core analysis from wells 6608/10‐2 and 6608/10‐3. For the
first two parameters the values were found from plug data with overburden
measurements. Estimated values are; a = 1.0 and m = 1.84. The saturation exponents
are found for three different zone groups, from Resistivity Index (RI) measurements. The
groups and the n values are given in Table 8. Six plugs from group 1, 9 plugs from group
2 and 5 plugs from group 3 are used as a basis for the RI‐measurements [Statoil, 1994].

Table 8: n‐values for the zone groups [Statoil, 1994]
Group number n value Formation names
1 1.84 Garn 2 & Garn1
Not
Ile 3
2 2.02 Ror
Tofte
3 2.20 Garn3
Ile 2 & Ile1
Tilje

Grain density. The average grain density for the entire reservoir, based on all core data
from both wells are ρma = 2.67 g/cm3. Zones of different grain densities are Tofte 3 and 2,
2.65 g/cm3 and Tofte 1, 2.71 g/cm3 [Statoil, 1994].

Overburden corrections The overburden pressure was calculated to correct results
accordingly. To calculate the overburden pressure, the density logs in wells 6608/10‐2
and 6608/10‐3 were integrated. A minimum horizontal stress at depth 2673 m of 389
bar was indicated in a minifrac test [Statoil, 1992]. At that depth, the pore pressure was
273 bar, hence the minimum horizontal stress is 116 bar and the difference between the
horizontal and the vertical stress is 123.5 bar. Due to rock mechanics the confining
pressure will be 123.5/3+116 bar. In [Statoil, 1994] the equations for porosity and
permeability are given as:

 ref  0.976 atmos
(1)
K ref  0.865K 1atmos
.004

Water resistivity (Statoil, 1992). The resistivity of the formation water is found from the
water sample from DST 1 in well 6608/10‐2. It is temperature corrected using Arps
formula. The resistivity is:

R w  0.054 at 98.3 C (2)

Formation temperature. Both the formation temperature and the temperature gradient
were determined from the DST which is 98.3 ۫ C at 2639 m TVD/MSL and ΔT=3.5 ۫ C per
100m.

Porosity. Generation of total porosity is executed by use of the equation φ= a + b ×ρb
where ρb is the bulk density, while a and b are constants. Crossplots of overburden
corrected core porosity vs. density log are used to find these constants. The constants
are found for the different zones, which are grouped together for improving correlations.
Some uncertainties are related to the determination of the constants a and b from
crossplots [Statoil, 1994].

Fluid contacts there is a common oil‐water contact at 2688.5 m TVD/MSL for wells
6608/10‐2 and 6608/10‐3, while well 6608/10‐4 had a oil‐water contact at 2574.5 m and
did not contain any gas. There were two different gas‐oil contacts for wells 6608/10‐2
and 6608/10‐3; 2580 m and 2575 m respectively. The gas systems seem to be common
over the entire field. That is also the case for the oil systems, except the oil above the
Not Formation in well 6608/10‐3. These contacts were also determined by FMT and DST
data.

Formation resistivity. Calculations of the true formation resistivity in both the
hydrocarbon zones and the water zones were performed. The logs used for the
calculations were environmentally corrected. In the hydrocarbon zones the DLL‐MLL log
was used along with [Western Atlas Logging Services, 1985], while the deep induction
logs were used for the water zones.

Water saturations. Two different models; Archie and Capillary pressure, were used to
determine the water saturation. It was assumed that Archie's equation could be used to
estimate water saturation in the two wells, and the constant a was treated without
uncertainty.
Permeability
Log estimations Log estimated permeability was established by use of the relationship
between overburden corrected core porosity and overburden corrected core
permeability. Log permeabilities in the horizontal and vertical directions were found to
be unrelated. Hence, vertical permeability was defined in the same way as the
horizontal permeability. It is found that both horizontal and vertical permeability were
overestimated in Tilje 3, Tilje 4 and Tofte 3 zones. Core permeability was less than 2000
mD in these zones, so the log derived permeability was cut on a maximum value of 2000
mD here. In the other zones, the maximum value was 10000 mD. Data from well
6608/10‐4 were used for determining the permeability in the G‐segment [Statoil, 1995].

Log/core permeabilities compared to test permeabilities A comparison of the log and
core permeabilities and the test permeabilities showed a generally good similarity
between log and test data. The k*h product from tests and logs were compared. This
was done to verify the quality of the log derived evaluated permeability. The overall
impression was that there were a good agreement between k*h products from tests
and logs. The arithmetic means of the log permeabilities were closest to the test
permeabilities. Use of arithmetic mean in reservoir simulations is recommended. To
assure accuracy in the whole field, geometric means may be used in more
heterogeneous sections of the reservoir [Statoil, 1994].

Conclusions Permeability Some intervals of the formation have overestimated or
underestimated log permeability when comparing with core permeability. Beyond that,
there is a good accordance between core and log derived permeabilities. Table 9 gives
recommended permeabilities. k*h‐products resulting from tests and logs have good
agreement. The test gives a permeability which lies between arithmetic and geometric
mean values determined from logs. However, the permeabilities are closest to the
arithmetic mean in all cases. As consequence of that, it has been recommended to use
arithmetic means in reservoir simulations [Statoil, 1994].

Table 9: Recommended field values of permeability [Statoil, 1994]
Zone KLHarith (mD) KLHgeo (mD) KLHharm (mD)
Garn 3 2500 1300 200
Garn 2 400 130 17
Garn 1 20 12 5
Not ‐ ‐ ‐
Ile 3 100 65 13
Ile 2 1000 800 75
Ile 1 800 450 150
Ø. Ror 150 100 20
Tofte 3a 1065 850 680
Tofte 3b 200 175 120
Tofte 2 40 25 7.5
Tofte 1 1200 350 19.5
Tilje 4 450 70 2.0
Tilje 3 875 250 12
Tilje 2 400 50 5.8
Tilje 1 2000 650 30

Porosity‐permeability relations (Statoil, 2001)
To estimate the permeability based on the porosity, the linear log relation showed
below was used. K = 10(a1+b1φ)

Tables 10 – 13 includes cut‐off values for wells 6608/10‐2 and 6608/10‐3 for both oil
and gas. Figures 10 – 12 show logs from wells 6608/10‐2, 6608/10‐3 and 6608/10‐4,
respectively.

Table 10: Cut‐off values, Oil Case, Well 6608/10‐2 [Statoil, 1994]
Zone Fluid Thickness TVD (m) φF (fraction) Sw (fraction) N/G (fraction)
Garn 3 Gas 11.0 0.302 0.121 0.982
Garn 2 Gas 10.3 0.258 0.145 0.844
Garn 1 Gas 5.0 0.205 0.249 0.742
Oil 7.2 0.231 0.298 0.305
Not ‐ 7.5 ‐ ‐ 0
Ile 3 Oil 21.6 0.247 0.183 0.894
Ile 2 Oil 16.0 0.287 0.123 0.981
Ile 1 Oil 2.9 0.259 0.185 0.828
Ø. Ror Oil 8.6 0.254 0.221 0.907
Tofte 3 Oil 29.1 0.280 0.187 1.00
Tofte 2 Oil 6.6 0.228 0.430 0.985
Tofte 1 Gas 9.0 0.256 0.339 1.00
Oil 6.5 0.248 0.767 0.644
Tilje 4 Water 11.3 0.214 0.845 0.796
Tilje 3 Water 22.5 0.250 0.984 0.929
Tilje 2 Water 37.7 0.187 0.922 0.587
Tilje 1 Water 28.2 0.277 0.987 0.847

Table 11: Cut‐off values, Gas Case, Well 6608/10‐2 [Statoil, 1994]
Garn 3 Gas 11.0 0.302 0.121 0.982
Garn 2 Gas 10.3 0.252 0.149 0.893
Garn 1 Gas 5.0 0.192 0.270 0.980
Oil 7.2 0.203 0.331 0.791
Not ‐ 7.5 ‐ ‐ 0
Ile 3 Oil 21.6 0.240 0.187 0.949
Ile 2 Oil 16.0 0.285 0.124 1.00
Ile 1 Oil 2.9 0.233 0.206 1.00
Ø. Ror Oil 8.6 0.251 0.222 0.930
Tofte 3 Oil 29.1 0.280 0.187 1.00
Tofte 2 Oil 6.6 0.227 0.431 1.00
Tofte 1 Gas 9.0 0.256 0.339 1.00
Oil 6.5 0.212 0.813 0.907
Tilje 4 Water 11.3 0.206 0.867 0.867
Tilje 3 Water 22.5 0.245 0.993 0.960
Tilje 2 Water 37.7 0.162 0.971 0.889
Tilje 1 Water 28.2 0.265 0.997 0.911

Table 12: Cut‐off values, Oil Case, Well 6608/10‐3 [Statoil, 1994]
Garn 3 Gas 9.9 0.325 0.112 0.998
Garn 2 Gas 9.8 0.276 0.130 0.673
Garn 1 Gas 7.6 0.252 0.204 0.960
Oil 9.0 0.241 0.259 0.486
Not ‐ 7.3 ‐ ‐ 0
Ile 3 Oil 16.9 0.236 0.225 0.826
Ile 2 Oil 11.0 0.279 0.149 1.00
Ile 1 Oil 3.5 0.269 0.173 0.914
Ø. Ror Oil 8.4 0.234 0.258 0.819
Tofte 3 Oil 28.5 0.276 0.170 1.00
Tofte 2 Oil 6.1 0.231 0.359 1.00
Tofte 1 Gas & Oil 14.9 0.262 0.239 0.898
Tilje 4 Water 6.9 0.235 0.568 0.716
Tilje 3 Water 18.0 0.266 0.937 0.897
Tilje 2 Water 34.4 0.223 0.958 0.672
Tilje 1 Water 25.6 0.272 0.987 0.830

Table 13: Cut‐off values, Gas Case, Well 6608/10‐3 [Statoil, 1994]
Garn 3 Gas 9.9 0.325 0.112 0.998
Garn 2 Gas 9.8 0.266 0.144 0.751
Garn 1 Gas 7.6 0.252 0.204 0.960
Oil 9.0 0.226 0.301 0.774
Not ‐ 7.3 ‐ ‐ 0
Ile 3 Oil 16.9 0.229 0.231 0.943
Ile 2 Oil 11.0 0.279 0.149 1.00
Ile 1 Oil 3.5 0.254 0.183 1.00
Ø. Ror Oil 8.4 0.225 0.269 0.946
Tofte 3 Oil 28.5 0.276 0.170 1.00
Tofte 2 Oil 6.1 0.231 0.359 1.00
Tofte 1 Gas & Oil 14.9 0.250 0.248 0.990
Tilje 4 Water 6.9 0.215 0.605 0.934
Tilje 3 Water 18.0 0.258 0.957 0.949
Tilje 2 Water 34.4 0.203 1.00 0.858
Tilje 1 Water 25.6 0.260 1.00 0.901

Figure 10: CPI‐plot Well 6608/10‐2 [Statoil, 1994]

Figure 11: Log from NPD Well 6608/10‐3 [NPD, 2010]

Figure 12: Log from NPD Well 6608/10‐4 [NPD, 2010]

PVT properties:
Some properties of the oil and gas in the Norne Field are:

Initial pressure: 273 bar at 2639 m TVD Oil density: 859.5 Kg/m3 API= 32.7 ۫
Reservoir temperature: 98 ۫C Gas density: 0.854 Kg/m3
Water density: 1033 Kg/m3 Rock wettability: mixed
Oil formation volume factor: 1.32 Pore Compressibility: 4.84×10‐5 1/bar at
Gas formation volume factor: 0.0047 277 bar

Figure 13 and 14 represent some of the PVT properties, relative permeabilities and
capillary pressures related to E‐Segment. Connate water saturation is varies from 0.05
to 0.38 among different relative permeability curves.

Figure 13: PVT properties for the E‐segment in Norne Filed

Figure 14: Relative permeabilities (top) and capillary pressures (Bottom) for the E‐segment in Norne
Filed
References:
This document is a part of Chapter 3 of a master thesis from Verlo and Hetlad 2008
which is done at NTNU.

Statoil, 1992. Discovery Evaluation Report, Well 6608/10‐2.
Statoil, 1994. Plan for Development and Operation, Reservoir Geology, Support
Documentation
Statoil, 1995. Reservoir Geological Update After 6608/10‐4.
Statoil, 2001. PL128‐Norne Field Reservoir Management Plan
Verlo, S. B. and Hetland, M. 2008. Development of a field case with real production and
4D data from the Norne Field as a benchmark case for future reservoir simulation
models testing. Masters Thesis, NTNU, Norway.
Western Atlas Logging Services, 1985. Log Interpretation Charts.

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Figure 6: Cores from well 6608/10‐2, interval

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