Flood Control and Drainage Structures

Design Data, Design Criteria and

Standards, Design Procedures

Training for DPWH Field Engineers

04 September 2012
 Structures of a River Basin
3 Sub-systems:
Collecting subsystems

Transporting subsystems

Dispersal sub-systems
Delta

Sea
- a condition that occurs when water overflows the
natural or artificial confines of a stream.
- an abnormally high water stage flowing over the
land in streams, floodways or floodplain, lakes
and coastal areas.
- any flow higher than the average river discharge.
Qt, Flood

Qa, Average Discharge

Base flow
 Qt, Flood

- Any flow higher than the average river discharge

Qa.
- Any flow higher than the average river discharge
Qa.
Flood level

Qa, Average Discharge

Causes :
1. Excessive precipitation due to climatic variations
resulting in long duration of rainfall.
2. Imbalance between inflow and outflow.
- The valley of floor adjacent to the river inundated
during flood stage.

- these low areas are subject to flooding from time

to time
- the main objective of flood control is to minimize
the extent possible, the loss of life and property
caused by these floods.
- whenever these flood control works are built, it is
always the interpretation of the public that these
will completely prevent floods all the time.

- in order not to mislead the public, they should be

informed that all these works are only mitigating
measures.
 Types of Mitigation
Works
1. Structural Measure

2. Non-structural measure

3. Flood management
 Types of Mitigation
Works
1. Structural Measure

2. Non-structural measure

3. Flood management
Structural Measures :

1. Dikes / levees

2. Reservoirs / detention basins

3. Channel improvements

a. widening/deepening
b. straightening
c. Removing obstructions to flow
d. Channel stabilization works
d. Channel stabilization works

1. Revetments

2. Groins / spurdikes

3. Emergency floodways

- cut-off/diversion channels

4. Groundsills
Non-Structural Measures :

1. Zoning regulations

2. Land treatment measures

a. Vegetative cover
b. terracing
c. Contour plowing
d. Construction of numerous ponds