Professional Documents
Culture Documents
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide
range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and
facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at
https://about.jstor.org/terms
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
A UNIQUE SOURCE FOR
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS:
the Library and the Museum of Musical I
at the SIM, Berlin
* Susanne Staral works as a musicologist at the SIM. She has been Chairperson of IAML's
Bibliography Commission since 1999, and from 1996 to 2004 was a member of the Commission
Internationale Mixte of RILM. This essay is a revised version of a paper presented at IAML's in
ternational conference in Berkeley, California, in August 2002.
1. For information on the Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz see Klaus-Dieter Lehmann, ed.,
Cultural Treasures of the World in the Collections of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation
(Berlin: Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz/Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, 2001).
2. See Wege zur Musik, published on the occasion of the opening of the new building (Berlin:
Staatliches Institut für Musikforschung Preußischer Kulturbesitz, 1984), for further information.
3. 67,574 volumes in 2002.
140
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
A UNIQUE SOURCE FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 141
1
m
/K
■ Ik.
^ -
S31Hl k**
FIGURE 2 View of the Institute: to the left is the library, to the far right the
Museum of Musical Instruments. In the background is the "Philharmonie".
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
142 FONTES ARTIS MUSICAE 50/2-4
4. There are two "flavours" of the RAK code: RAK-WB (for research libraries) and RAK-OB
(for public libraries).
5. Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, edited by Friedrich Rochlitz [and others] (Leipzig: Breit
kopf & Härtel 1798-1849). In fifty volumes plus indexes. Continued as the Allgemeine musikali
sche Zeitung, Neue Folge 1 (1863)-3 (1865), and as the Leipziger allgemeine musikalische Zeitung
(1866-82).
6. Cäcilia, eine Zeitschriftßr die musikalische Welt. Vols 1-25 (Mainz [etc.]: Schott, 1824-46).
7. The SIM library had 173 current journals in 2002.
8. A total of 10,120 items of sheet music was in stock in 2002.
9. See Marion Sommerfeld, comp., Handbuch der Musikbibliotheken in Deutschland. Öffent
liche und wissenschaftliche Musikbibliotheken sowie Spezialsammlungen mit musikbibliothekarischen
Beständen (Berlin: Deutsches Bibliotheksinstitut/IVMB Gruppe Bundesrepublik Deutschland,
1994), p. 26-69 (entries 20-46).
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
A UNIQUE SOURCE FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 143
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
144 FONTES ARTIS MUSICAE 50/2-4
The Museum of Musical Instruments is one of the oldest of its kind, going
back to the Sammlung alter Musikinstrumente zu Berlin an der Königlichen
akademischen Hochschule für Musik [Collection of Ancient Musical
Instruments at Berlin's Royal Academy of Music], founded in 1888. The core
of this collection was 240 items from the Museum alterthümlicher Musik
instrumente of the publisher and collector Paul de Wit in Leipzig, bought upon
the initiative of Philipp Spitta and Joseph Joachim, and thirty-four instruments
from the former Brandenburg-Preußische Kunstkammer. The museum grew
very quickly through the purchase of Paul de Wit's important private collec
tion (282 instruments) in 1890, and of thirty-five wind instruments from St
Wenzel, Naumburg in 1891. In addition to purchases, the collection was in
valuably enlarged through gifts and bequests. A useful survey of the holdings
was provided by Oskar Fleischer, the first director (from 1892 to 1919), in his
Führer durch die Sammlung alter Musik-Instrumente.1" The opening of the mu
seum took place on 14 February 1893. In 1902, following protracted negotia
tions and thanks to financial assistance from the Prussian royal family, a fur
ther 1,145 items from the estate of the lawyer César Snoeck were acquired.
Oskar Fleischer's successor in the difficult years of economic crisis and in
creasing political tension was Curt Sachs, who ran the museum between 1919
and 1933 when he was forced to emigrate. During his time in Berlin Curt Sachs
established the study of musical instruments as a specialist branch of musi
cology all over the world. Furthermore, in 1922 he published the still exem
plary catalogue of the Sammlung alter Musikinstrumente bei der Staatlichen
Hochschuleßr Musik zu Berlin." Sachs was succeeded by Georg Schünemann,
whose performance-practice studies deserve a mention here. In concerts that
Schünemann called "Musikstunden" [Music Lessons], performances were
given on instruments from the collection to enable a wider audience to appre
ciate the sound of historical instruments. The collection remained part of
the Academy of Music until 1935, when it was integrated into the Staatliches
Institut für deutsche Musikforschung [State Institute for German Music
Research], As part of this institute the Museum of Musical Instruments, now
headed by Alfons Kreichgauer, re-opened on 18 December 1936. Albrecht
Ganse and Hans-Heinz Dräger then ran the museum for a short period. At the
beginning of the Second World War the museum had approximately 4,000 in
struments. Four years later, in 1943, the evacuation of the precious collection
began, though a large part remained in Berlin. Only some 700 instruments
from the original collection survived the war, many of them in a very bad con
dition. The acquisitions book was also destroyed. The first purchase after the
war, a clavichord bought in 1948, received the number 4,001. This was a sym
bolic number to mark a new beginning after the war. Alfred Berner began to
rebuild the museum and its library as early as 1945, and helped restore the col
10. Oskar Fleischer, Königliche Hochschule ßr Musik zu Berlin. Führer durch die Sammlung
alter Musik-Instrumente (Berlin: Haack, 1892).
11. Curt Sachs, Sammlung alter Musikinstrumente bei der Staatlichen Hochschule ßr Musik zu
Berlin. Beschreibender Katalog (Berlin: Bard, 1922).
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
A UNIQUE SOURCE FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 145
12. See Das Berliner "Bach-Cembalo". Ein Mythos und seine Folgen, published in conjunction
with the opening of a permanent exhibition on 14 December 1995 (Berlin: Staatliches Institut für
Musikforschung Preußischer Kulturbesitz, 1995) and CD "Klingendes Museum", SIMPK M 2:
Das "Bach-Cembalo" im Nachbau. Performed by Christine Schornsheim (cembalo), issued in
Berlin, 1998.
13. 2,503 instruments as of June 2003.
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
146 FONTES ARTIS MUSICAE 50/2-4
rr
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
A UNIQUE SOURCE FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 147
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
148 FONTES ARTIS MUSICAE 50/2-4
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
A UNIQUE SOURCE FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 149
18. All eight instruments are shown in Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart, first edition,
vol. 10 (1962), Tafel 85 (following column 1440); and in Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart,
second edition, Sachteil 2 (1995), Abbildung 2 in column 1355.
19. On the slides were shown an oboe (Kat.-Nr. 2933, Dupuis, Paris), a clarinet (Kat.-Nr. 223,
Jacob Denner, Nuremberg), two transverse flutes (Kat.-Nr. 2667, Pierre Naust, Paris; Kat.-Nr.
2670, Jean Hotteterre, Paris) and an octave flute (Kat.-Nr. 2654, Jean-Hyacinth-Joseph
Rottenburgh, Brussels).
20. See Die Magie der Flöte. Die Traversflöte und die Musik am Hofe Friedrichs II, published
in conjunction with the exhibition for the 200th anniversary of the death of Frederick the
Great, 29 June-31 October 1986 (Berlin: Staatliches Institut für Musikforschung Preußischer
Kulturbesitz, 1986).
21. The name occurs in different spellings.
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
150 FONTES ARTIS MUSICAE 50/2-4
/*" / '*
«. •*" i 5
# * * * * 1# * * * • * ■::. ■ f * 0 0
# # * 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 * 99**09 * 9 ♦
* * * # * # » * * ..***, » #
# * ♦ # # « #*#.<•»* ;: # #
* * ♦ * ■■■ * * 9
0 * * ' * •«# 0
:
A _
* * * ■ »* • » • # %
* * * » * # # • * - • # «
* # , « # , * » 0 ' 0 9 •
####>* *49 " * * *
*.'00 *■*•* * *
* ■ * ■« * » ' # « *
rg; -
0 *090 * #*•»*♦ * # * *
*0*00 0 i a#### a * * i ' * 09 * *
f a> m * 0 0 i #' 9 * 0 0 0 0 * 0 * r 0 0 0
9 * * * * 0 0 0 0 9 0 9 * 9
* - ■■ * » * . * 9 - s? 9 9* *
« * # « * 3 * 0 9 9- • » - , 0 s, g r
• * * •• * * 9-4 0 0 0 m * *
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
A UNIQUE SOURCE FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 151
J?* i(t #
_fI
iH ' "TSvi/** r* ft
rtuxctez tn (SHlf.jfr&J y&
rnw
time in 1990.22 Since Olga Adelmann's death in 2000, Annette Otterstedt has
continued the research. Some instruments of the Alemannic School can be
heard on a CD from the museum.23
One of the oldest instruments in the museum is a spinet, made in Italy ca
1570 (Kat.-Nr. 5402). The case is original. This instrument was formerly in
22. See Olga Adelmann, Die Alemannische Schule. Archaischer Geigenbau des 17. Jahrhunderts
im südlichen Schwarzwald und in der Schweiz (Berlin: Staatliches Institut für Musikforschung
Preußischer Kulturbesitz, 1990); and Olga Adelmann und Annette Otterstedt, Die Alemannische
Schule. Geigenbau des 17. Jahrhunderts im südlichen Schwarzwald und in der Schweiz (Berlin.'
Staatliches Institut für Musikforschung Preußischer Kulturbesitz, 1997).
23. CD "Klingendes Museum": SIMPKM 1, Die Alemannische Schule. Works by Georg Muffat
and John Jenkins. Issued in Berlin, 1997.
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
152 FONTES ARTIS MUSICAE 50/2-4
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
A UNIQUE SOURCE FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 153
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
154 FONTES ARTIS MUSICAE 50/2-4
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
A UNIQUE SOURCE FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 155
able. One of the functions of the cinema organ in the 1920s was to provide the
musical accompaniment for silent films. During the events "Schauplatz
Museum" [Scene: The Museum], annually in January and February, and
"Lange Nacht der Museen" [Long Night of the Museums], twice a year, this
old tradition is revived. The four-manual instrument extends over the three lev
els of the museum (basement, ground floor and first floor). Although it has an
electrical action, the organ has nothing in common with modern-day electron
ics. It was built by the Rudolph Wurlitzer Company, North Tonawanda, New
York, in 1929.
The museum, with its scholars and organologists Martin Eiste and Annette
Otterstedt, is headed by Conny Restle. It is among the leading collections in
Europe. The director of the institute, Thomas Ertelt, intends to continue and
to increase the co-operation between the museum and the institute.
Résumé
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms
156 FONTES ARTIS MUSICAE 50/2-4
Zusammenfassung
Das Staatliche Institut für Musikforschung (SIM) ist eine Einrichtung der
Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz in Berlin. Das 1935 gegründete SIM besteht
aus Forschungseinrichtungen, einer wissenschaftlichen Spezialbibliothek und
dem Musikinstrumenten-Museum. Die Bibliothek hat einen Bestand von über
67.500 Bänden, besondere Schwerpunkte sind hierbei die Musiktheorie und
die Instrumentenkunde. Die meisten Bücher, Zeitschriften und Musikalien
sind im Freihandbereich zugänglich. Das Musikinstrumenten-Museum wurde
1888 gegründet. Erst 1984 konnte das Museum ein eigenes Haus beziehen, in
dem Musikwissenschaftler, Instrumentenkundler, Restauratoren und
Akustiker an langfristigen Projekten arbeiten können. Von den über 2.500
Objekten des Museums vom 16. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert sind etwa 800 im
Ausstellungsraum zu sehen, viele Instrumente können an Klangstationen
gehört werden.
This content downloaded from 193.204.40.97 on Sun, 09 Sep 2018 13:04:32 UTC
All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms