Proholz Cross-Laminated Timber Structural Design PDF

isbn 978-3-902926-03-6 | Euro 35 Analysis and structural design of timber structures
proHolz Austria
November 2014
Information Cross-Laminated Timber
Structural Design
Basic design and

engineering principles
according to Eurocode
Cross-laminated timber as an innovative structural
element opens up new possibilities in structural
timber construction. The present guideline is to
assist in properly exploiting and implementing these
possibilities in planning and execution.
Firstly, the two-dimensional construction product
cross-laminated timber (BSP or XLAM) is described
with respect to its manufacture and its properties.
This is followed by the description of the structural
behaviour, basic design principles and fire perfor-
mance and then modelling assumtions and charac-
teristic material values according to Eurocode.
Joining technology focuses on self-tapping woods-
crews; this section is supplemented by general
design proposals. Structural behaviour of buildings
under horizontal loads and earthquake resistance
associated therewith conclude the general part.
Application examples underline the described con-
tents for easier access and discussion of extensive
engineering models.
DI Dr. Markus Wallner-Novak

DI Josef Koppelhuber
DI Kurt Pock
Cross-Laminated Timber
Structural Design
Basic design and engineering principles
according to Eurocode
Publication details
Owner and publisher

proHolz Austria
Working group of the Austrian Merk Timber GmbH Design
timber industry for promotion of D-86551 Aichach Cover Gassner Redolfi, Schlins (at)
the application of timber Industriestraße 2 Reinhard Gassner, Marcel Bachmann
T + 49 (0)8251 ⁄ 908 - 0 Contents Markus Wallner-Novak
Chairman Hans Michael Offner office@merk.de
Managing Director Georg Binder www.merk.de Print Eberl Print, Immenstadt (de)
Project Management
Alexander Eder Hasslacher Norica Timber Translation
1011 Vienna⁄ Austria A-9751 Sachsenburg Translation agency Allesprachen, Graz
Uraniastrasse 4 Feistritz 1
T + 43 (0)1 ⁄ 712 04 74 T + 43 (0)4769 ⁄ 2249 - 0 1st edition english 2014, 600 copies
info@proholz.at, www.proholz.at info@hasslacher.at Translation on the basis of the German
www.hasslacher.at version of September 2013
Financial support by Price per copy 35 Euros, incl. vat, excl. shipment
Stora Enso isbn 978-3-902926-03-6
Binderholz Bausysteme GmbH Building and Living issn 1680-4252
A-5400 Hallein A-9462 Bad St. Leonhard
Solvay-Halvic-Straße 46 Wisperndorf 4
T + 43 (0)6245 ⁄ 70 500 - 556 T + 43 (0)4350 ⁄ 2301 - 3207
office@binderholz-bausysteme.com buildingsolutions@
www.binderholz-bausysteme.com storaenso.com
www.clt.info Printed on pefc-certified paper. This product
Haas Fertigbau Holzbauwerk originates from sustainably managed forests and
GesmbH & Co kg Fachverband der Holz- controlled sources. www.pefc.at
A-8263 Großwilfersdorf industrie Österreichs
Radersdorf 62 A-1037 Wien Copyright 2014 by proHolz Austria and the
T + 43 (0)3385 ⁄ 666 - 0 Schwarzenbergplatz 4 authors. The publication and any contributions
Info@Haas-Fertigbau.at T + 43 (0)1 ⁄ 712 26 01 and figures contained therein are copyrighted.
www.haas-fertigbau.at office@holzindustrie.at Any use beyond the limits of copyright without
www.holzindustrie.at the publisher’s approval is inadmissible and
Mayr-Melnhof Holz Holding ag punishable. proHolz Austria and the authors
A-8700 Leoben, Turmgasse 67 Authors endeavour to research or state, respectively,
T + 43 (0)3842 ⁄ 300 - 0 DI Dr. Markus Wallner-Novak information correctly and completely. However,
holding@mm-holz.com DI Josef Koppelhuber we ask for your understanding that no liability
www.mm-holz.com DI Kurt Pock can be assumed for the contents.
Foreword
The development of timber construction over the

past hundred years has been characterised by enor-
mous innovation. The elements made of timber and
timber materials as well as the joining technique
have undergone constant further development.
The timber, or more exactly the individual board,
represents the basis for glued-laminated timber,
board stack elements or cross-laminated timber.
At the first glance, the relatively “new” construction
material cross-laminated timber – its practical,
economically relevant use in the building sector
started about twenty years ago – is a simple con-
struction material. It consists of strength-graded
laminations, which are glued together crosswise
at 90° to an odd number of layer. Superficially,
a homogeneous wooden panel is formed. Upon
closer examination by the engineer, however,
the complexity of this structural element can be
noticed: it is an orthogonally layered, laminar
composite element made of wood with a complex
calculation basis.
“Everything should be made as simple as possible,

but not simpler.”
(Albert Einstein, 1879 – 1955)
The present structural design manual is giving

designers, engineering consultants and performers
an understanding of the basic principles for techni-
cally proper planning and application of cross-lami-
nated timber. The main focus is on the structural
function of cross-laminated timber as a load-bearing
structural element and on the requirements associ-
ated therewith. For joining the cross-laminated
timber elements, design proposals were prepared.
The structural design guideline enables practition-
ers an easy and fast understanding of the con-
struction product cross-laminated timber, since the
verifications required in terms of structural engi-
neering are described with the associated engineer-
ing calculation models and explained on the basis
of practical examples. This structural design manu-
al was meticulously and thoroughly prepared by
DI Dr. Markus Wallner-Novak and his co-authors
DI Josef Koppelhuber and DI Kurt Pock. Here, the
engineer will find answers to the essential issues
when it comes to the structural design of cross-
laminated timber, so that this manual represents an
important contribution to practical dimensioning
of cross-laminated timber.
Wilhelm Luggin
Luggin – Ziviltechnikergesellschaft m.b.H.
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Cross-sectional values for cross-laminated timber with fictitious build-ups – Ceilings and roofs
Designation Build-up I0,net W0,net SR,net AR, I0,ef / ref )/(

2,00 m 3,00 m 4,00 m 5,00 m 6,00 m 7,00 m
[cm4] [cm3] [cm3] [cm2] [cm4] [–]
XLAM 30l–20w–30l– 15.675 2.412 1.500 1.567 11.990 13.778 14.546 14.932 15.151 15.287 0,193
130 C5s 20w–30l 86 % 65 % 75 % 79 % 82 % 83 % 83 %
XLAM 30l–30w–30l– 22.275 2.970 1.800 1.856 15.186 18.422 19.924 20.709 21.163 21.447 0,184
150 L5s 30w–30l 79 % 54 % 65 % 71 % 74 % 75 % 76 %
XLAM 40l–20w–40l– 30.400 3.800 2.400 1.900 21.680 25.741 27.580 28.529 29.074 29.414 0,208
160 L5s 20w–40l 89 % 64 % 75 % 81 % 84 % 85 % 86 %
XLAM 40l–20w–40l– 74.196 6.739 4.800 2.319 43.594 56.360 62.921 66.530 68.676 70.042 0,217
220 L7s 20w–40l–20w–40l 84 % 49 % 64 % 71 % 75 % 77 % 79 %
XLAM 30l–30l–30w–40l– 80.933 7.358 4.800 2.529 42.978 57.680 65.856 70.550 73.412 75.260 0,188
220 L7s2 30w–30l–30l 91 % 48 % 65 % 74 % 80 % 83 % 85 %
Cross-sectional values for cross-laminated timber with fictitious build-ups – Walls
Designation Build-up A0,net I0,net W0,net SR,net AR, I0,ef [cm4]/i0,ef [cm]/ [–] )/(
Inet ref
Ibrut
[cm2] [cm4] [cm3] [cm3] [cm2] 2,50 m 2,95 m 3,00 m 4,00 m 5,00 m 6,00 m [–]
XLAM 30l–30w–30l 600 5.850 1.300 900 975 5.120 5.305 5.321 5.539 5.647 5.707 0,155
90 C3s 2,92 2,97 2,98 3,04 3,07 3,08
96 % 86 99 101 132 163 195
XLAM 40l–40w–40l 800 13.867 2.311 1.600 1.300 11.083 11.737 11.796 12.613 13.035 13.277 0,155
120 C3s 3,72 3,83 3,84 3,97 4,04 4,07
96 % 67 77 78 101 124 147
XLAM 30l–40w–30l 600 7.800 1.560 1.050 1.114 6.532 6.843 6.871 7.247 7.436 7.543 0,152
100 C3s 3,30 3,38 3,38 3,48 3,52 3,55
94 % 76 87 89 115 142 169
XLAM 30l–20w–30l– 900 15.675 2.412 1.500 1.567 13.088 13.722 13.778 14.546 14.932 15.151 0,193
130 C5s 20w–30l 3,81 3,90 3,91 4,02 4,07 4,10
86 % 66 76 77 99 123 146
XLAM 30l–30w–30l– 900 22.275 2.970 1.800 1.856 17.130 18.314 18.422 19.924 20.709 21.163 0,184
150 C5s 30w–30l 4,36 4,51 4,52 4,71 4,80 4,85
79 % 57 65 66 85 104 124
Fictitious element build-ups The element build-ups above are A0,net Net area – in the direction of the top layers in cm2
used in the guideline with fictitious and were defined indepen- I0,net Net moment of inertia – in the direction of the top layers in cm4
cross-sectional values for dently of respective manufacturers. W0,net Net section modulus – in the direction of the top layers in cm3
dimensioning of elements The tables represent a possible listing SR,net Net static moment – in the direction of the top layers in cm3
subjected to bending according of the cross-sectional values for AR, Ð Equivalent area for determination of the decisive rolling
to Chapters 5 and 6 of the dimensioning according to the shear stress in cm2
present guideline. present guideline. For manufacturer- I0,ef Effective moment of inertia – in the direction of the top layers in cm4
related build-ups and corresponding i0,ef Effective radius of inertia – in the direction of the top layers in cm
cross-sectional-values, please ref Reference length or buckling length in m
contact one of the manufacturers. Slenderness (no unit)
)/( Shear correction factor for calculation as a transversally
shear-flexible element (no unit)

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isbn 978-3-902926-03-6 | Euro 35 Analysis and structural design of timber structures

Basic design and

DI Dr. Markus Wallner-Novak

Owner and publisher

The development of timber construction over the

“Everything should be made as simple as possible,

The present structural design manual is giving

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