1) Computer is a machine that can change states accordingly. Computer is a state machine.

Computing is the sequence of changing data.

In order to implement a computer, memory and functional units are required.

2) Yes; 3) Yes; We use only 2 memory cells. In other words, we

consider a 2-bit memory.

Time 1
T
Y G0

T
T Y Y Y0

13 + 1 T R0

= T
Y
G1
0

ITE
1
+ T
Y
Y1

T R1

4) Trace:

X Y

X Y 27 45
45 27
18 27
X-Y 27 18
Borrow 9 18
Y X Y
Bit
18 9
0 1 0 1
ITE ITE 9 9
0 9
0
9 0

=
Output X