☑ Volleyball was invented by William G.

Morgan in 1895, but it did not become an Olympic sport until

1964.

☑ The longest volleyball marathon on record was played in Amstelveen, Netherlands, from December 27
to December 30, 2011. The event lasted 85 hours, with 63 matches played in total.

☑ The record for most consecutive passes in volleyball is 110, achieved in the United States, in Raleigh,
North Carolina, on February 5, 2010.

☑ A single player may jump as many as 300 times in a volleyball match.

⏩ Volleyball , game played by two teams, usually of six players on a side, in which the players use their
hands to bat a ball back and forth over a high net, trying to make the ball touch the court within the
opponents’ playing area before it can be returned. To prevent this a player on the opposing team bats
the ball up and toward a teammate before it touches the court surface—that teammate may then volley
it back across the net or bat it to a third teammate who volleys it across the net. A team is allowed only
three touches of the ball before it must be returned over the net.

History

Volleyball was invented in 1895 by

William G. Morgan, physical director of the Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) in

Holyoke , Massachusetts. It was designed as an indoor sport for businessmen who found the new game
of basketball too vigorous. Morgan called the sport “mintonette,” until a professor from Springfield
College in

Massachusetts noted the volleying nature of play and proposed the name of “volleyball.” The original
rules were written by Morgan and printed in the first edition of the

Official Handbook of the Athletic League of the Young Men’s Christian Associations of North America
(1897). The game soon proved to have wide appeal for both sexes in schools, playgrounds, the armed
forces, and other organizations in the United States, and it was subsequently introduced to other
countries.
⏩ Basketball, game played between two teams of five players each on a rectangular court, usually
indoors. Each team tries to score by tossing the ball through the opponent’s goal, an elevated horizontal
hoop and net called a basket.

The only major sport strictly of U.S. origin, basketball was invented by

James Naismith (1861–1939) on or about December 1, 1891, at the International Young Men’s Christian
Association (YMCA) Training School (now Springfield College), Springfield ,

Massachusetts, where Naismith was an instructor in physical education.

For that first game of basketball in 1891, Naismith used as goals two half-bushel peach baskets, which
gave the sport its name. The students were enthusiastic. After much running and shooting , William R.
Chase made a midcourt shot—the only score in that historic contest. Word spread about the newly
invented game, and numerous associations wrote Naismith for a copy of the rules, which were published
in the January 15, 1892, issue of the

Triangle , the YMCA Training School’s campus paper.

History

The early years

In the early years the number of players on a team varied according to the number in the class
and the size of the playing area. In 1894 teams began to play with five on a side when the playing
area was less than 1,800 square feet (167.2 square metres); the number rose to seven when the
gymnasium measured from 1,800 to 3,600 square feet (334.5 square metres) and up to nine when
the playing area exceeded that. In 1895 the number was occasionally set at five by mutual
consent; the rules

stipulated five players two years later, and this number has remained ever since.

Since Naismith and five of his original players were Canadians, it is not surprising that Canada was
the first country outside the United States to play the game. Basketball was introduced in France
in 1893, in England in 1894, in Australia ,

China , and India soon thereafter, and in Japan in 1900.

Table tennis , also called (trademark) Ping-Pong , ball game similar in principle to lawn tennis and
played on a flat table divided into two equal courts by a net fixed across its width at the middle. The
object is to hit the ball so that it goes over the net and bounces on the opponent’s half of the table in
such a way that the opponent cannot reach it or return it correctly. The lightweight hollow ball is
propelled back and forth across the net by small rackets (bats, or paddles) held by the players. The game
is popular all over the world. In most countries it is very highly organized as a competitive sport,
especially in

Europe and Asia, particularly in

China and Japan.

History

The game was invented in England in the early days of the 20th century and was originally
called Ping-Pong, a trade name. The name table tennis was adopted in 1921–22 when the old Ping-
Pong Association formed in 1902 was revived. The original association had broken up about 1905,
though apparently the game continued to be played in parts of England outside London and by the
1920s was being played in many countries. Led by representatives of Germany , Hungary, and
England, the Fédération Internationale de Tennis de Table (International Table Tennis Federation)
was founded in 1926, the founding members being England, Sweden , Hungary, India, Denmark,
Germany, Czechoslovakia, Austria , and Wales. By the mid-1990s more than 165 national
associations were members.
The Game

Table tennis equipment is relatively simple and inexpensive. The table is rectangular, 9 feet by 5 feet (2.7
metres by 1.5 metres), its upper surface a level plane 30 inches (76 cm) above the floor. The net is 6 feet
(1.8 metres) long, and its upper edge along the whole length is 6 inches (15.25 cm) above the playing
surface. The ball, which is spherical and hollow, was once made of white celluloid. Since 1969 a plastic
similar to celluloid has been used. The ball, which may be coloured white, yellow, or orange, weighs
about 0.09 ounce (2.7 grams) and has a diameter of about 1.6 inches (4 cm). The blade of a racket, or
bat, is usually made of wood, is flat and rigid, and may be covered with a thin layer of ordinary stippled,
or pimpled, rubber, which may be laid over a thin layer of sponge rubber and may have the pimples
reversed. Whatever combination is used, each of the two sides of a paddle must be different in colour.
The racket may be any size, weight, or shape.
 Samar State University

College of Industrial Technology

Bachelor of Science in Architecture

S.Y 2018:2019

Research no. 01

SPORTS

Submitted by:

MACAIRAN, IRIS D.

Bs-Architecture 1B

Submitted to: