CONTENT

UNIT # 1 ............................................................................................................................ 9  

LESSON 1 ........................................................................................................................ 9  

1.1 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................. 9  

1.2 Reading ................................................................................................................ 10  

1.3 Grammar .............................................................................................................. 11  

LESSON 2 ...................................................................................................................... 13  

1.4 Vocabulary ........................................................................................................... 13  

1.5 Listening ............................................................................................................... 14  

1.6 Grammar .............................................................................................................. 15  

LESSON 3 ...................................................................................................................... 17  

1.7 Vocabulary ........................................................................................................... 17  

1.8 Reading .................................................................................................................... 18  

1.9 Grammar .................................................................................................................. 19  

1.10 Speaking ................................................................................................................ 20  

LESSON 4 ....................................................................................................................... 21  

1.11 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................ 21  

1.12 Reading.................................................................................................................. 22  

1.13 Grammar................................................................................................................ 23  

1.14 Listening ................................................................................................................ 23  

LESSON 5 ....................................................................................................................... 24  

1.15 Listening ................................................................................................................ 24  

1.16 Speaking ................................................................................................................ 25  

1.17 Writing .................................................................................................................... 25  

II
UNIT # 2 .......................................................................................................................... 26  

LESSON 1 ...................................................................................................................... 26  

2.1 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................... 26  

2.2 Listening ................................................................................................................... 26  

2.3. Reading ................................................................................................................... 27  

2.4 Grammar .................................................................................................................. 29  

LESSON 2 ....................................................................................................................... 31  

2.5 Vocabulary Section A ............................................................................................ 31  

Vocabulary Section B ................................................................................................... 32  

2.6 Reading .................................................................................................................... 32  

2.7 Grammar .................................................................................................................. 33  

2.8 Listening ................................................................................................................... 35  

LESSON 3 ....................................................................................................................... 36  

2.9 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................... 36  

2.10 Reading.................................................................................................................. 37  

2.11 Grammar................................................................................................................ 38  

2.12 Speaking ................................................................................................................ 39  

LESSON 4 ....................................................................................................................... 40  

2.13 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................ 40  

2.14 Reading.................................................................................................................. 41  

2.15 Speaking ................................................................................................................ 42  

LESSON 5 ....................................................................................................................... 43  

2.16 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................ 43  

2.17 Reading.................................................................................................................. 43  

2.18 Speaking ................................................................................................................ 44  

III
2.19 Writing .................................................................................................................... 45  

UNIT 3 ............................................................................................................................. 46  

LESSON 1 ...................................................................................................................... 46  

3.1 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................... 46  

3.2 Reading .................................................................................................................... 47  

3.3 Grammar .................................................................................................................. 48  

3.4 Speaking .................................................................................................................. 49  

LESSON 2 ....................................................................................................................... 50  

3.5 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................... 50  

3.6 Grammar .................................................................................................................. 51  

3.7 Listening ................................................................................................................... 52  

LESSON 3 ....................................................................................................................... 53  

3.8 Reading .................................................................................................................... 53  

3.9 Grammar .................................................................................................................. 54  

3.10 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................ 54  

  3.11 Speaking ............................................................................................................ 56  

LESSON 4 ....................................................................................................................... 57  

3.12 Reading.................................................................................................................. 57  

3.13 Speaking ................................................................................................................ 58  

3.14 Writing .................................................................................................................... 59  

LESSON 5 ....................................................................................................................... 60  

3.15 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................ 60  

3.16 Grammar................................................................................................................ 61  

3.17 Reading.................................................................................................................. 61  

UNIT # 4 .......................................................................................................................... 66  

IV
LESSON 1........................................................................................................................ 66  

4.1 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................... 66  

4.2 Reading .................................................................................................................... 67  

4.3 Grammar .................................................................................................................. 68  

LESSON 2 ....................................................................................................................... 70  

4.4 Reading .................................................................................................................... 70  

4.5 Grammar .................................................................................................................. 71  

4.6 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................... 72  

4.7 Listening (Track: 4.7 Listening) ............................................................................ 73  

4.8 Speaking .................................................................................................................. 74  

LESSON 3 ....................................................................................................................... 75  

4.9 Reading .................................................................................................................... 75  

4.10 Grammar................................................................................................................ 79  

4.11 Writing .................................................................................................................... 81  

LESSON 4 ....................................................................................................................... 83  

4.12 Reading.................................................................................................................. 83  

4.13 Listening (Track:WhitneyHouston.mp3) ........................................................... 84  

4.14 Writing .................................................................................................................... 84  

LESSON 5 ....................................................................................................................... 86  

4.15 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................ 86  

4.16 Grammar................................................................................................................ 86  

4.17 Listening ................................................................................................................ 87  

4.18 Writing .................................................................................................................... 88  

UNIT # 5 .......................................................................................................................... 90  

LESSON 1 ...................................................................................................................... 90  

V
5.1 Vocabulary ............................................................................................................... 90  

5.2 Grammar .................................................................................................................. 90  

5.2 Grammar .................................................................................................................. 91  

5.3 Listening ................................................................................................................... 92  

5.4 Reading .................................................................................................................... 92  

5.5 Speaking .................................................................................................................... 95  

LESSON 2 ....................................................................................................................... 96  

5.6 Reading .................................................................................................................... 96  

5.7 Listening ................................................................................................................... 97  

5.8   Grammar ............................................................................................................... 98  

5.9 Speaking .................................................................................................................. 98  

LESSON 3 ....................................................................................................................... 99  

5.10 Reading.................................................................................................................. 99  

5.11 Listening ................................................................................................................ 100  

5.12 Grammar.............................................................................................................. 100  

5.13Vocabulary............................................................................................................ 101  

LESSON 4 ..................................................................................................................... 102  

5.14 Vocabulary .......................................................................................................... 102  

5.15 Reading................................................................................................................ 102  

5.16 Writing .................................................................................................................. 103  

5.17 Listening .............................................................................................................. 104  

LESSON 5 ..................................................................................................................... 105  

5.18 Reading................................................................................................................ 105  

5.19 Speaking .............................................................................................................. 106  

5.20 Writing .................................................................................................................. 107  

VI
Bibliography .................................................................................................................. 108  

VII
 FOREWORD

The purpose of this project is to provide to students of the English language,

especially at college level, a booklet, where they can study and practice the
four skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing.

Truly all the students can study this booklet personally. Going to classes will
only mean the checkup (correction, reinforcement, or expansion) of the
exercises that are given especially by the instructor or English teacher.

This project is for the community of the Technical University of Babahoyo,

especially its Languages Center (CENID).

VIII
 UNIT # 1

LESSON 1

1.1 Vocabulary

Look at the table. Then, use the words from the box to fill the gaps. Check
your answers.

cousin grandmother daughter-in-law

uncle mother niece son

MALE FEMALE

father

daughter

cousin

grandfather

nephew

aunt

son-in-law

9
1.2 Reading

Read the following article about the family and answer the questions
correctly.

MIGUEL´S FAMILY

My name is Miguel Franco. I am 26 years old. My birthday is in July 26. I

come from Babahoyo, but now I live in Guayaquil. My major is in
Telecommunications. My native language is Spanish but I also speak
English. I am married. My wife is a teacher at Pacifico´s University. I have
two children- a girl and a boy.

My son Javier is the oldest. He goes to the university. My daughter ,

Gabriela, goes to the highschool. At the moment, I do not have a job, but I
am sending my CV to the fields of my career so I can be hired and sustain
my family. In my free time, I like reading drama books and listening to
Christian music.

1. Where does Miguel come from?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Where does Miguel live?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
3. How many languages does Miguel speak?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
4. What does her wife do?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
5. How many children does he have?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Does Miguel have a job?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

10
7. What does Migue like doing in his spare time?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
Now, choose True or False.

8. Miguel lives in Babahoyo True False

9. Miguel´s carrer is Informatics True False

10. Miguel has a job at the pólice station True False

1.3 Grammar

Simple Present

We use the simple present to denote an action that occurs in an usual form in
the present, day by day, once in a while, etc.

Examples:

- We go to the stadium every Saturday

-He cleans the house every week

The Simple present tense is used to indicate qualities, customs, or habitual

actions, to express facts or events.

Examples:

- I study English.

-Ricardo is a great cook.

11
 Questions Short Answers
Affirmative Negative
Yes, I do / No, I don´t
I I I
Yes, you do/ No, you don´t
You You You
Yes, we do/ No, we don´t
We work We don´t work Do We work?
Yes, they do /No, they don´t
They They They

He He He
Yes, he does /No, he doesn´t
Yes, she does / No, she doesn´t
She works She doesn´t work Does She work?
Yes, it does / No, it doesn´t
It
It It
Table 1: Simple Present

Done by: The Author

Complete the correct present tense form of the verbs in parenthesis.

1. (work) He………………. at Pacific´s Bank.

2. (have) They…………….. a meeting in Quito.

3. (eat) She…………….. fruits and saldas in the morning.

4. (come) They……………. to school by bus.

5. (praise) We………………. the Lord in the church on Sundays.

6. (study) I………………… Mathematics at the university.

7. (travel) You……………… around the world.

8. (write) He………………. a song to his girlfriend.

9. (put) The mailman…………… the letter in the mailbox.

10. (play) My father………………. soccer with my brother.

12
 LESSON 2

1.4 Vocabulary

Look at the following pictures and select the words that match with them.

Figure 1: Clothes #1

Source: (2014, p. 1)

Figure 2: Clothes #2

Source: (Dreamstime)

scarf boots

pants shirt

shoes dress

hat coat

skirt jacket

13
1.5 Listening

Listen to the following podcast about clothes and respond the following
questions. (Track: Shopping for clothes.mp3)

Part one

1. What are the colors of the T-shirt that the customer offers to the lady?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
2. What size does the lady want?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Does the customer have the T-shirt in purple?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Which is the color of the T-shirt that the lady tries on?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

Part two

5. Does she take the T-shirt?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

6. How much does it cost?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Which is the form of payment that the lady performs?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

8.Does the lady receive the receipt from the buying?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

14
 1.6 Grammar

Present Progressive

The Present Progressive is formed with the present of to be as an auxiliar,

plus the present participle of the main verb.

SHORT SHORT
AFFIRM
NEGATIVE QUESTIONS ANSWERS ANSWERS
ATIVE
(Affirmative) (Negative)

I am I am not Am I working? No, you are

Yes, you are
working working not

He/She/It He/She/It is Is he/she/it

Yes, he/she/it No, he/she/it
is not working working?
is isn´t
working

We/You/ We/You/They Are we/you/they

They are are not working? No,
Yes, we/you/they
working working we/you/they
are
aren´t

Table 2: Present Progressive

Done by: The Author

Complete with the Present Progressive of the words in parenthesis.

1. (live) We………………………. in Babahoyo

2. (listen) Look! Mario…....................... to pop music.

3. (buy) Luisa ………………… the food at the supermarket.

4. (read) I …………………….. a magazine right now.

5. (make) She……………….... an English book for the new program.

6. (have) He……………………… a great day at his company.

7. (ring) Listen. The telephone………………………….

15
 8. (use) They………………….. the new cellphone that came out to

the market.

9. (prepare) The students…………………. for the exam in the library.

10. (sing) My mother……………………….. a song in the bathroom.

Complete with the Simple present or the Present Progressive of the

words in parenthesis.

1. (cry) The baby………………………. now, because he has not

eaten.

2. (knock) Listen! Somebody…........................ at the door.

3. (pray) Luisa ………………… to God every day at 6 am .

4. (go) I ………………… to the church every day.

5. (have) She………………..... a terrible headache.

6. (compete) They………………………. for the big prize now.

7. (rise) Look. The sun………………………….now.

8. (attend) My brother…………….. to summer camps on vacations.

9. (smoke) What is that smell? I guess somebody……………………

10. (do) Ricardo………………. his homework in the afternoon.

16
 LESSON 3

1.7 Vocabulary

Look at the following ítems and match them with the words.

Figure 3: Personal Items

Source: (Twitter)

Cellphone Lantern

Backpack Comb

Wallet Watch

Glasses Keys

17
1.8 Reading

Read the conversation between Miguel and Jacob and decide if the
statements are true or false.

Miguel: Hey Jacob, What is going on?

Jacob: Hi, Miguel! I´m moving out to a new department.

Miguel: A new department? Is it far from here?

Jacob: Actually, it is two blocks away from here.

Miguel: That is great news! What do you have over there?

Jacob: Oh, its a box where I have many things, such as: camera, wallet,
lantern, some keys, a backpack and a pair of glasses.

Miguel: Can I see those things?

Jacob: Sure. Why not?

Miguel: Hey!!! Those are the keys from the door of the backyard. They are
really old.

Jacob: Yeah, that´s right.

Miguel: And, what about these glasses? They are beautiful.

Jacob: They belong to my father. It is a precious gift that I keep with so much
love.

Miguel: Oh I see. Well, your wallet looks so nice. What if you exchange
yours for mine?

Jacob: No way! Mine is new.

18
 1. Miguel is moving to a new place True False

2. The new location is close True False

3. Jacob´s glasses belongs to his mother True False

4. Miguel wants to exchange the glasses True False

5. Jacob agrees in exchanging his wallet True False

1.9 Grammar

Possessive Pronouns

These pronouns denote property, and membership. They permit to give a

great agility to English language, because it summarizes in one word the
adjective and the qualified noun.

POSSESSIVE POSSESSIVE
ADJECTIVES PRONOUNS(POS
PERSONAL OBJECTIVE
(POSSESIVE CASE SESSIVE FORM
PRONOUNS CASE
USED BEFORE A USED
NOUN) INDEPENDENTLY)

I Me My Mine

You You Your Yours

He Him His His

She Her Her Hers

It It Its -

We Us Our Ours

They Them Theirs Theirs

19
 Table 3: Possessive Pronouns

Source: (Ansell, 2000)

Possessive Case

The Possessive case show ownership. The formation of this case is by

adding ´s.

Examples. Possessive Case

This is the birthday of Miguel This is Miguel´s birthday

That is the dog of Maria That is Maria´s dog

The house of my girlfriend is gorgeous My girlfriend´s house is gorgeous

1.10 Speaking

In this section, make groups of three people, and ask questions

between each other as it is shown in the example below. Do not forget
to use the Possesive pronouns

Example:

1. Do you have a comb? Yes, I do

2. What size is it? It is small

3. Whose keys are these? These keys are ours.

20
 LESSON 4

1.11 Vocabulary

Look at the following pictures and select the best option.

Figure 4: Appearances

Source: (Pinterest)

21
1.12 Reading

Look at the picture. Then, read the text and decide if the statements are true
or false.

Figure 5: My lovely family

Source: (ISL Collective)

1. The family lives in NorthAmerica True False

2. The family is tiny True False

3. Laura has black hair and she is rude True False

4. There are 4 family members True False

5. The family does not have a pet True False

22
1.13 Grammar

The verb may

The verb may means to be allowed to or to be permitted to. It is used to

express probability.

Examples

1.Take your umbrella, it may rain today.

2. He is still at work! He may come late I am afraid.

3. Mum! My friends are having a party tonight; May I go please?

1.14 Listening

Listen to the following audio about physical appearance and respond

correctly the following questions. ( Physical_appearance.mp3)

1. How many people does Sara see in the van?

……………………………………………………………………..

2. What does the first guy look like? What is he wearing?

…………………………………………………………………….

3. What does the second guy look like?

……………………………………………………………………

4. What is Dave trying to do?

……………………………………………………………………

5. What are the men doing now?

………………………………………………………………………
6. How old is the tall one?

……………………………………………………………………..

7. How old is the short one? Who is for

Dave?……………………………………………………………...

23
 LESSON 5

1.15 Listening

A. Listen to the following chart and select what is she describing.Then,

check the answers with your teacher. (Listening_A&B.mp3)

Name Age Height Hair

James

Billy

Jessica

Catherine

Melissa
Table 4: Personal Appearance

Source: (Test your listening skill test 2 describing people)

B. Listen. People are describing other people at a party. What does

each person look like? Write the correct letter. (Listening_A&B.mp3)

1. Alicia a. Handsome /about 18

2. Sally b. Wearing glasses, about 38 or 39

3. Amy c. Long red hair

4. Thomas d. Short curly hair

5. Stefano e. Tall, about 180 cm

24
1.16 Speaking

1. Pairs. Describe your best friend or someone in your family. For example:
My best friend´s name is Emily. She is intelligent, kind, fun to be with, and
honest. She´s short and slim, she has straight black hair and brown eyes. I
think she is really pretty.

2. Pairs. Describe your boyfriend, girlfriend, husband, wife or ideal mate.

1.17 Writing

Write a paragraph about your best friend. You may use the speaking
activity 1.16 as a guide.

…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………

25
 UNIT # 2

LESSON 1

2.1 Vocabulary

Complete the questions with the words from the box. After that, what
do you think the words of the box mean?

destinations travel journey abroad trip package home

1. What´s the furthest you have travelled from……………..?

2. Have you ever been…………….. ? Where did you go to?

3. Have you ever been on a business………………….? Where to?

4. Do you like ……………holidays where everything is arranged for you?

5. What is the longest …………………you have been on?

6. Do you think that …………………broadens the mind? Why/ Why not?

7. What are the most popular _________ for people from your country?

2.2 Listening

Listen to the following podcast about vacation plans and respond

correctly the following questions. Then, check your answers with your
teacher. (2.1 summervacation.mp3)

1. What are they planning to do next week?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Who is the unsure person about doing that activity next week? The girl or
the boy?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3. What are they going to do on Monday?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

26
4. What are they going to do on Tuesday? What is the weather gonna be
like?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

5. What are they going to do on Wednesday?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

6. On Friday and Saturday, they are going to

…………………………………………………………………………………………

2.3. Reading

Read the following article and answer the questions. Then. Check the
answers with your instructor.

THE WEDDING GOWN

My name is Debra Cohen and I live in Raanana. My fiancé, Aaron, and I are
getting married on June 14th, 2008. We have just 6 months to plan our
wedding. It isn't much time, but Aaron is going to take care of the wedding hall
and our parents are gonna help with the invitations. My main concern is how I
will look on the most important day of my life.

While looking through ads for wedding gowns in the “Bridal Monthly”
magazine, I saw a beautiful dress advertised by “The Bridal Chalet” salon. The
ad explained that the gown was made from the highest quality fabric and the
decorations were hand-made. I am a busy person, so what really interested
me was that all dress fittings could be done at the client’s house for an extra
NIS 300. And then, if the client is not totally satisfied with the original gown,
changes can be made to it at no extra cost.

I am going to answer this ad by writing a letter to “The Bridal Chalet” to

verify all the details and make an appointment to visit the salon.

27
1. Who is getting married?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

2. What are they planning? How much time do they have?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Are Debra´s friends going to be in charge of the invitations?

………………………………………………………………………………………....

4. Where did the lady see her wedding dress?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

5. What is the wedding gown made of?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Is she lazy?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

7. What is she interested in?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

8. Does the salon charge the customers if there are changes?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

9. Is the lady going to send an e-mail to the store that realizes wedding
gowns? If not, what is she going to do?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

28
2.4 Grammar

Future Going to

When we want to indicate the purpose or the intention to realize any future
action, it is preferable to use the phrase BE GOING TO, instead of the simple
future with WILL.

BE GOING TO goes followed by the verb in action.

Examples:

David is going to travel to China next semester.

We are going to spend the vacations in Miami.

If you want to employ the verb TO GO with GOING TO, that means GOING
TO GO, it is preferable to omit the infinitive to avoid redundancy.

Example:

I am going (to go) to Brazil tonight.

Also, the phrase GOING TO is used in the past (was going to, were going to)
to express an action that was intended to take place, but it was not done.

Example:

He was going to warn you, but it was too late.

Complete the following conversation using Future going to of the verbs

in parenthesis.

Henry: ………………………………..….. (do) anything special for your father?

Angeline: Yes. We………………………………… (go) to Galapagos´ islands.

Henry: Oh yeah! Who……………………………….(you/go) it with?

Angeline: With my family and some friends. We ……………………… (see)

the turtles, and exotic animals over there.

Henry: Sounds a lot of fun! How many

days……………………………………………….(you/stay)?

29
Angeline: Oh, just three days.

Henry: That´s great. Hope you guys enjoy a lot.

Angeline: Thanks Henry.

Henry: Don´t mention it.

Practice the following conversation with your partner.

Mark: Hey, Debbie. How are you doing?

Debbie: Great! Did you hear the news about Ed and Lynn?

Mark: No. What about them?

Debbie: They´re getting married.

Mark: No kidding. I just saw them, and they didn´t tell me about it.

Debbie: Well, they are, and I am having a party for them next week. Can you
come?

Mark: Sure!

30
 LESSON 2

2.5 Vocabulary Section A

In this section you are going to see a lot of words related to planning a
trip. Match the words with its correct meaning.

Booking a. An oficcial mark that permits you to

leave or enter to a country.

Making reservations b. A vacation organized by a travel agent

Currency c. Covering for risks associated in traveling

Itinerary d. To rent

Excursion e. An act of reserving accommodations.

A package tour f. A short trip or outing to some place.

To hire g. A planned route or journey

A visa h. money

To take a travel insurance i. An arrangement to have something

held for your use in a later time.

31
Vocabulary Section B

Look at the pictures of things you may need to pack for a holiday and
match them with the words of the box.

Figure 6: Things packed for a holiday

Source: (Sample Pages)

2.6 Reading

Read about Tim and his plans for the future, and answer the questions.

When I grow up I'm going to be a tennis player - a really good one. I play
three times a week after school. But I'm going to train very hard, every day,
so I can be really, really good. Roger Federer is my favourite player.
First I'm going to play in the Wimbledon Juniors, and then I'm going to win all
four Grand Slams. I'm going to travel all over the world and I'm going to be

32
famous.
I'm not going to marry until I'm very old - about 25. Then I want to have two
sons. I'm going to play tennis until I'm 40 - that's a very long time. And I'm
going to teach my sons to play. I want them to be famous tennis players, too!

1. What is Tim going to be?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

2. What does he need to do to become in a really good player?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3.What is his favourite player?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

4. What is he going to do when he has 25 years old?

………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. When is he planning to retire from playing tennis?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

6. What is Tim going to teach to his generation?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

2.7 Grammar

Present Progressive with Future meaning

We use the present continuous with definite plans for near future. We do not
use the present continuous if there is no plan.

Examples:

My grandmother is moving into a retirement home on Friday.

33
The weather report says it is going to rain on Friday, so the move won´t be
easy.

Use these words to write sentences. Use the present continuous.

a. I – not – go out – tonight. I’m not going out tonight.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

b. I – meet – my friends – this evening.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

c. Tom – not – come – to the party on Thursday.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

d. My sister – get married – next December.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

e. I – not – go to London – tomorrow.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

f. I – stay at home – tonight.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

g. I – go to the theatre – on Monday.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

h. George – go to the dentist – on Friday.

…………………………………………………………………………………………
i. Alice – go on holiday – to Mexico.
…………………………………………………………………………………………

j. Bob – play football – on Saturday.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

34
2.8 Listening

Listen to the following audio and answer the questions.

(2.8Holidayplans.mp3)

1. Why is Alice working over the New Year?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Does Tom have free days off at work?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Who is Helen going to spend Christmas with?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

35
 LESSON 3

2.9 Vocabulary

Match the pictures with the predictions for the year 2025.

A B C

D E

1. In 2025, there will be a rise of self driving cars

2. In 2025, Apache Spark, SAS,and Cloudera will be enpough to apply

them to big data problems.

3. In 2025, all the components will be hooked up between each. It is

what we call The Internet of things.

4. In 2025, many houses will change the old electric system for the

installation of solar energy cells.

5. In 2025, the cellphones will be charged through wifi. It means no need

of a plug-in.

36
2.10 Reading

Read the following article about robots. What do you think? Will robots
replace humans?

Robots

When will we have robots? We already have many kinds of

robots! Industries use a variety of robots and now robots are becoming more
common in the home.

The Husqvarna company makes a lawn mowing robot called the Auto
Mower. The robot has sensors that detect where objects are in the yard and
it maneuvers around them. The robot can cut the grass while you relax on
the patio with a glass of lemonade! Also, Eureka now makes a robotic
vacuum cleaner. Like the robot lawn mower, the vacuum cleaner
automatically detects where the furniture is
and vacuums around it.

Cars are becoming robots now that many

cars have GPS (Global Positioning Systems)
on them. A car with a GPS system can give
you directions on how to go somewhere, tell
you where the closest gas station is, and,
some day in the future, will drive itself. You
will take a nap or read while the car drives
itself to your destination.

We even have robotic pets now. The Sony

company makes a robotic dog named Aibo
that can sit, stand, and walk like a regular dog but can also communicate and
take pictures! Aibo understands certain commands, like a dog does, such as
"Sit down", "Stand up", "Turn right", etc. If you ask Aibo a question such as
"How old are you?", its eyes will flash the number of years old it is. Aibo is
also a great guard dog. He can patrol the yard and take pictures with a built
in camera of anything suspicious.

Select "True" or "False" to answer each question.

1. We have many kinds of robots now.

2. The Auto Mower is a robot that vacuums.

37
3. The Auto Mower has sensors that detect where objects are.

4. Cars with GPS systems can give you directions.

5. In the future cars will drive themselves automatically.

6. Aibo is a robotic cat.

2.11 Grammar

Future Will

The future tense is formed with the auxiliar verb will plus the infinitive of the
verb.

I, you, he, she, it, we, they WILL GO

We use this tense when we make predictions or when talking about the
future.

Change to the future with WILL the following sentences.

- It´s a sunny day ………………………………………………………….

- Tuesday is my birthday ………………………………………………….

-There are a lot of animals in the farm ………………………………….

-You are right on time …………………………………………………….

- He is the dean of the faculty …………………………………………..

- She is the pastor oh the church ……………………………………….

- They are friends …………………………………………………………

38
2.12 Speaking

In pairs. You are going to talk about your future goals and how you will
accomplish them.

39
 LESSON 4

2.13 Vocabulary

Read the Sentences 1-5 and guess the meaning of the words/phrases.
Match them with the correct definition.

1. The car broke down in the main street of Babahoyo.

2. My girlfriend got off of the plane

3. Take off your shirt. It´s really hot here.

4. My sister will pick me up at the supermarket.

5. The artist did not show up at the concert.

a. To go and meet someone or soemthing that you have arranged to take

somwehere in a vehicle.

b. appear
c. Stopped working
d. To leave the place where you are.
e. To remove something, especially a piece of clothing.

40
2.14 Reading

Read the following opinions about three people describing how the
world will be in 2050.

Samuel, 27
I think a lot of things will change in
2050. India will overtake China as
the first largest economy in the
world, but the country will have
many problems with its
demographics. The world will also
have a lot of problems with the
pollution and the climate changing. We will need to find other
resources, because there will be more than nine billion people on
Earth in 2050. We will also need to build spaceships to travel to
the Moon and to Mars, because we will have to take resources
from these places.
Lea, 25
Our world won’t be the same in 2050. We
will improve our technology and everybody
will be able to speak at least five languages.
People will live longer and we won’t have
health problems, because we will improve
our knowledge on medicine. We will also
live in peace and the different countries
won’t have nuclear weapons anymore. We
will also have a single world government as we already have the
IMF (International Monetary Fund). I think 2050 will be a great
year for mankind!

Steven, 29
I hope that the world countries will
be able to overcome the different

41
issues in 2050. We will live in peace and won’t have any wars
anymore. We will be able to explore the space and to find other
habitable planets. We will perhaps find other intelligent Beings on
other planets in 2050.
1. According to Samuel, who will be the giant with a big economy in the world
in 2050?

…………………………………………………………………………………..

2. According to Samuel, what problems will the world experiment?

…………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Will it be nine thousand million of people around the world?

……………………………………………………………………………………

4. According to Lea, what are the enhancements the world will have?

……………………………………………………………………………………

5. According to Lea, will the people suffer from terrible diseases? Why? Why
not?

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….

6. According to Lea, what will occur to all the countries around the world?

……………………………………………………………………………………….

7. According to Steven, what kind of issues the world will overcome?

……………………………………………………………………………………….

2.15 Speaking

In pairs. Just imagine you are a very important scientist. You earn a very
good salary, and you have seen the technological breakthroughs through the
time. In what áreas, will you focus? Mention three, and explain to you partner
if that investigation will contribute to the humanity and why.

42
 LESSON 5

2.16 Vocabulary

Read the following Sentences. What do you think the phrases in bold
mean?

1. My mother is going to appear on TV. I wonder who will make her out?.

2. Sorry for not going to your party, Manuel. I promise I will make it up to
you.

3. I made off when I heard my parents entering to the office.

4. My girlfriend was mad at me, so I made after her.

2.17 Reading

Read the following e-mail and answer the questions below.

Figure 7: Summer visit

Source: (KSE Home)

43
 1. Who is going to visit Jack next summer?

………………………………………………………………………………..

2. According to the reading, Is Granada one of the seven wonders of

the world?

………………………………………………………………………………….

3. Why did he suggest to visit Nicholas viewpoint?

………………………………………………………………………………….

4. The weather is cold in Granada True False

5. Where is he going to stay? Why?

…………………………………………………………………………………….

2.18 Speaking

Discuss in pairs. Imagine you are an interviewer and your partner is your
speacial guest. You are going to ask him questions about his future plans for
his life . You may use the ideas below.

- Start a company from scratch.

-Make new friends.

-Travel to different countries around the world.

- Get a second nationality.

- Be a tecnhological consultant

What would you like to do when you finish college?

I think I´ll…………… I´m going to…………………….

What about you?

44
2.19 Writing

Write an email to a friend. Talk about the new semester that is about to start
in Chicago and how your life will be without your parents in a place that
nobody knows you. (Note: please use extra material to teach students on
how to write an email)

…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………...

45
 UNIT 3

LESSON 1

3.1 Vocabulary

The collocations are particular word combinations that exist in English.

Select the best collocation to each sentence that is below.

1. My grandfather was a ……………….. smoker , so few people were

surprised when he died of oral cáncer.

a. serial

b. heavy

c. big

2. She was a /an …………………. who loved her husband more than
anything else in the universe.

a. devoted

b. sincere

c. intelligent

3. I always avoid his company beacuse he is a crashing………………………

a. bore

b. nuisance

c. guy

4. It is a golden……………… If you miss it, you will regret it

a. chance

b. opportunity

c. offer

46
5. She seemed quite interested in buying that house, but at the last moment,
she changed her……………….

a. mind

b. thoughts

c. offer

6. Although I was ………………… annoyed by her attitude, I said nothing.

a. moderately

b. lightly

c. slightly

7. Could you…………………….. the oil?

a. inspect

b. check

c. test

3.2 Reading

Read the following conversation between a Desk Clerk and a guest, and
answer the questions.

Desk Clerk: Front desk. May I help you?

Guest: Hello. This is Room 211. Could I please have an iron?

Desk Clerk: Of course! We´ll send one right up

Guest: Oh, good. Thanks. And could I have some extra towels, too?

Desk Clerk: Sure. We´ll send some up with the iron.

Guest: Great. Oh! And could I have some bottled water?

Desk Clerk: I´m sorry, ma´am. We don´t have any.

But you can get some at the shops of the lobby.

Guest: Ok. Thank you.

47
1. How many things did the guest ask for the desk Clerk?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

2. In what area did the guest get the bottled water?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3.What is the second thing the gest ask for the desk Clerk?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3.3 Grammar

Could (For requests and permission)

Could is the past tense of the modal verb can. The meaning of could is to be
able to. It can also be used in polite requests ,suggestions and permissions.

Example:

Could you please open the door?

Could I enter to this seminar?

Fill in the blanks below to complete the sentences.

1. I ___________ go to the party last night because I was sick.

2. A: ___________ Noel cook Italian food? B: Yes, he ___________.
3. My sister ___________ swim last year, but now she ___________.
4. They ___________ go shopping yesterday because the store was closed.
5. A: ___________ you read when you were four years old? B: Yes, I
__________.
6. Ellie ___________ ride a bicycle. She rides it to school every day.
7. I’m very tired, so I ___________ go out to the park to play.
8. A: ___________ you see the moon last night? B: No, I ___________.
9. When ___________ I talk to you about the company report?
10. Most dinosaurs walked on land, but some ___________ fly or even swim.

48
3.4 Speaking

Talk in pairs. Look at the following pictures for ideas. Ask questions to your
partner using could.

Example:

Could you bring me that paper?

Could you……….?

Sure…. I´m sorry, but……………..

Figure 8: 5 Pictures for Could

Source: (Dreamstime, 2019)

49
 LESSON 2

3.5 Vocabulary

Read 2 different dialogues that are below, and figure out the meaning of the
phrases that are in bold. Then, check them with your instructor.

Dialogue 1
A: Hi, Javier! Are you busy?
B: Hey pal. No, I am not busy. What´s going on?
A: Well, I have to tell you something.
B: About what?
A: Your wife has passed away fifteen minutes ago.
B: You´ve gotta be kidding!
A: Unfortunately, I´m not.
B: It is hard to receive a news like this.
A: Yeah, I know! At least, she was a Christian girl and went to heaven.
B: Definitely!

Dialogue 2
A: Hey Rick. What´s up?
B: Hi, Tony! I´m really good. What about you?
A: I´m good. Hey, listen! I called you because I have to speak with somebody who
understands me, and you are the one.
B: What happened, my friend?
A: I have felt depression and I´ve thought of eliminating myself with a gun.
A: Oh my God! That´s terrible!
B: Yeah! What can I do?
A: Well, I suggest you may go to a church, talk to a pastor and let him know with what
you´re struggling with.
B: Thank you brother! I´ll do that, because it´s something that does not get out of my
head.

50
3.6 Grammar

Have to

The expression Have to has the same meaning of obligation or neccessity that the
auxiliar must. Has to is used for the third person.

Example:

We have to hurry up.

Had to is the past tense of have to. In the negative and interrogative forms, it is
necessary to use the auxiliar do, does and did.

Example:

He doesn´t have to go to classes.

I don´t have to buy a new house.

Did you have to make the map?

Complete these sentences with one of these phrases:

has to have to don't have to doesn't have to

1. I ________ go right now. I'm very late!

2. It's OK - you ________ do anything. Just sit there and wait for me.

3. Wait for Greg. He ________ make sure that the door is locked.

4. A good student ________ be very organized. Organization is very important.

5. It's a free museum - we ________ pay anything.

6. At the end of the year the students ________take an exam. It's necessary for
them to continue the course.

7. I know you don't like supermarkets so you ________ to come if you don't want
to.

8. We ________ make sure that our hands are very clean.

9. We ________ go into college today because it's Sunday so it will be closed.

51
10. You ________ be more careful! I don't want you to break it!

11. Do I ________ come? I don't really want to.

3.7 Listening

Listen to the following audio and answer the following questions.

1. How is he when he speaks English?

………………………………………………………………………………….

2. What is he worried about?

………………………………………………………………………………….

3. What does he need to do in order to speak English and transmit the message?

………………………………………………………………………………….

4. Does the grammar have to be perfect when transmitting the message?

………………………………………………………………………………….

5. What is the message of the teacher for students who want to speak Englsih?

………………………………………………………………………………….

6. If he doesn´t practice, he…………………………………………………

7. What did he start doing?

………………………………………………………………………………….

8. What woudl people think about him by having short conversations with himself?

………………………………………………………………………………….

52
 LESSON 3

3.8 Reading

Read the article and respond the questions below.

Figure 9: Addicted to her mobile

Source: (Pinterest)
1. Why is Caroline under phycatric treatment?
…………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Why does Caroline call herself protective to the pone?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
3. She spends more money on food than in pone cards True False
4. Her parents sent her to a hospital when she was twelve True False
5. The sound of an in-coming message makes Caroline feel good. T F
6. Caroline´s doctor advised her to put her pone away True False
53
 3.9 Grammar

Must
The auxiliar must is a stronger form of may and might. One of the meanings of must is to be
obliged to or to have to. In the negative form, mustn´t, the meaning is to be obliged not to.
Examples:
I must arrive to the university on time.
He must not speak.

Write 10 sentences using must and mustn´t (must not)

1. ………………………………………………………………………………………
2. ………………………………………………………………………………………
3. ………………………………………………………………………………………
4. ………………………………………………………………………………………
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………
6. ………………………………………………………………………………………
7. ………………………………………………………………………………………
8. ………………………………………………………………………………………
9. ………………………………………………………………………………………
10. ……………………………………………………………………………………

3.10 Vocabulary

Read the text and guess the meaning from the words/phrases in bold. Then, check
the meaning with your instructor.

Mobile phones (cell phones in the US) are an important part of our lives nowadays. I
recently got a new mobile phone, so let me tell you about it.

Because I’ve been away from the UK for so long, I didn’t have an active mobile phone
number in this country so I decided to go out and get one this weekend. I went to the

54
phone shop and the assistant showed me a range of handsets. Some of them were free
when you signed up to certain service plans. Others you needed to pay for.
I already have a handset and I’m not sure which service provider has good coverage in
my area so I chose a pre-paidservice so I could see how well it worked before I signed
up. A monthly contract is a waste of money is there is poor reception at my house.
I put the SIM card in my phone and turned it on. The assistant helped me add
some credit and I was able to call and send text messages right away. Later in the day, I
set up mobile Internet so I could check my e-mails and tweets.
I am quite happy with the service so far, so next month I might sign up for a monthly
contract. It’s very convenient to pay the bill by direct debit and I won’t need to keep
getting top-up vouchers.
Many service providers give away really good phones when you use their service so I
might get myself an iPhone. A smartphone would be really useful for me and I could even
blog using it!
Phone shop:

Handsets:

Service plans:

Service provider:

Coverage:

Prepaid service:

Sign up:

SIM card:

Assisstant:

Credit:

Text messages:

Set up:

Mobile Internet:

Tweets:

Monthly contract:

Bill:

Direct debit:

55
 Top-up vouchers:

Iphone:

Blog:

3.11 Speaking

Look at the pictures that are at the right

side, and according to what you see,

speak to your partner about the things
you must and mustn´t do.

Figure 10: Must /Mustn´t

Source:(ISL Collective )

56
 LESSON 4

3.12 Reading

MEET THE APPLE WATCH

Figure 11: Apple Watch

Source: (MacWorld)

It’s called the Apple Watch, it looks like a luxurious synthesis of technology and traditional
timepiece craftsmanship, and it uses a “digital crown” to navigate through lists and zoom in on
data. Apple finally announced its long-awaited smartwatch on Tuesday, and, boom, just like that,
the center of gravity of the shaky wearables market has shifted in a seismic reset.
No, not because the watch looks that revolutionary. It’s because this is an Apple smartwatch. And
for better or worse, this is the new wearable’s most important feature.

The new Apple “this changes everything” device starts at $350, and will be available early next
year. But here’s the kicker for potential fence sitters: Apple Watch supports the new Apple Pay
system, so you can quickly purchase items from retailers ranging from Bloomingdales to Staples
with a flick of your wrist.

Apple Watch will come in three different models—from a baseline version to an ultra-luxe 18K gold
edition—and six different bands will allow a wide degree of personal customization. “Taptic”
feedback puts pressure on your wrist for iPhone notifications, and can even send signals to turn
left or right in the watch’s navigation app.

And, yes, this gadget requires an iPhone to work.

In many ways, the Apple Watch feature set looks like it was borrowed from other smartwatch
companies. Dig: The gadget tracks your steps and heart rate. It displays smartphone notifications.
But Apple’s message is that Apple Watch does all these things better than the competition. And
with its perfectly contoured edges, luxury materials, and nifty new UI, it’s got all the visual
trappings of another “God device” from Apple. That’s a potentially transcendent advantage that
could send competing wearable-tech manufacturers back to their drafting tables.

1. According to the article, what is an Apple watch?

57
 …………………………………………………………………………………………

2. What applications does the Apple watch hold?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3. How many versions will the company produce?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Which device is necessary to be linked to the iWatch?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Did the company make the design for the Apple watch?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Mention the main features that the Apple watch does

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3.13 Speaking

In pairs. Take a look to these pictures and imagine what kind of features will the

companies add in the upcoming future.

Figure 12: Digital Devices

58
3.14 Writing

In this section, you are going to write a paragraph about the digital devices of the

speaking activity 3.13, and how they will impact the society and the way we live.

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

………………………………............................................................................................

59
 LESSON 5

3.15 Vocabulary

In this exercise, look at the pictures and match them with the correct letter of the list.

Figure 13: Technological Vocabulary

Source: (ISL Collective )

60
 3.16 Grammar

Should

It is often used in subordinate clauses stating conditions. It is also used to refer to

events that may occur by chance. The negative form of should is shoudn´t.

Example: If I should see him, I will let him what I think.

Should is also used with the meaning ought to. This is the most common use of should
in American English.

Example: You should take an umbrela with you in case it starts to rain.

Complete the following Sentences with should or shouldn´t.

1. Ricardo……………………. sin, because that is the way to hell.

2. Manuel……………………. praise God for all the things he has done in his life.

3. It´s cold out there! I ………………… put my jacket on before leaving home.

4. …………….. she go to the dance party?

5. Penelope Cruz………………….. act with her partner Steven Segal, so the movie can
be a great success.

3.17 Reading

How Smoking Affects Your Health

There are no physical reasons to start smoking. The body

doesn't need tobacco the way it needs food, water, sleep, and
exercise. In fact, many of the chemicals in cigarettes, like
nicotine and cyanide, are actually poisons that can kill in high
enough doses.

The body is smart. It goes on the defense when it's being

poisoned. For this reason, many people find it takes several
tries to get started smoking: First-time smokers often feel pain
or burning in the throat and lungs, and some people feel sick or
Figure 14: Cemetery
even throw up the first few times they try tobacco.
Source: (BusyTeacher)
The consequences of this poisoning happen gradually. Over
the long term, smoking leads people to develop health problems like cancer,
emphysema (breakdown of lung tissue), organ damage, and heart disease. These
61
diseases limit a person's ability to be normally active — and can be fatal. Each time a
smoker lights up, that single cigarette takes about 5 to 20 minutes off the person's life.

Smokers not only develop wrinkles and yellow teeth, they also lose bone density, which
increases their risk of osteoporosis, a condition that causes older people to become
bent over and their bones to break more easily. Smokers also tend to be less active
than nonsmokers because smoking affects lungs.

Smoking can also cause fertility problems and can impact sexual health in both men
and women. Girls who are on the pill or other hormone-based methods of birth control
(like the patch or the ring) increase their risk of serious health problems, such as heart
attacks, if they smoke.

The consequences of smoking may seem very far off, but long-term health problems
aren't the only hazard of smoking. Nicotine and the other toxins in cigarettes, cigars,
and pipes can affect a person's body quickly, which means that teen smokers
experience many of these problems:

Bad skin. Because smoking restricts blood vessels, it can prevent oxygen and nutrients
from getting to the skin — which is why smokers often appear pale and unhealthy. An
Italian study also linked smoking to an increased risk of getting a type of skin rash called
psoriasis.

Bad breath. Cigarettes leave smokers with a condition called halitosis, or persistent
bad breath.

Bad-smelling clothes and hair. The smell of stale smoke tends to linger — not just on
people's clothing, but on their hair, furniture, and cars. And it's often hard to get the
smell of smoke out.

Reduced athletic performance. People who smoke usually can't compete with
nonsmoking peers because the physical effects of smoking (like rapid heartbeat,
decreased circulation, and shortness of breath) impair sports performance.

Greater risk of injury and slower healing time. Smoking affects the body's ability to
produce collagen, so common sports injuries, such as damage to tendons and
ligaments, will heal more slowly in smokers than nonsmokers.

Increased risk of illness. Studies show that smokers get more colds, flu, bronchitis,
and pneumonia than nonsmokers. And people with certain health conditions, like
asthma, become more sick if they smoke (and often if they're just around people who
smoke). Because teens who smoke as a way to manage weight often light up instead of
eating, their bodies lack the nutrients they need to grow, develop, and fight off illness
properly.

62
1. What do people experience at first time smoking?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

2. What are the consequences when trying first few times?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Which abnormalities do the human face and bones receive when smoking?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Are the smokers active rather than nonsmokers?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Which problems can smoking cause to the human body?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

6. What kind of poison do cigarettes have?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Do smokers have a high athletic performance? Why?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

8. According to the text you can say that:

a. People should smoke b. People don't have to smoke

c. People must smoke d. People shouldn't smoke

63
3.18 Listening

Listen to the following conversation about bad habits and fill the gaps.

(Track: 3.18 Badhabits.mp3)

What ______________________ habits? I think everyone has bad habits. Not

everyone ______________________ what bad habits are. Some smokers don’t think
smoking is a bad habit. Young people don’t think listening
______________________ on the train is a bad habit. In Japan, slurping your
noodles ______________________ that you enjoy your food, but making a noise
while eating in England ______________________ . Have you ever tried to break
your bad habits? I ______________________ smoking and have stopped leaving
things laying ______________________ house. I wish other people would stop their
bad habits. I get annoyed when people ______________________ meetings or talk
loudly on their phones in public. I also think ______________________ need to think
about their driving habits. Perhaps I should ______________________ their bad
habits.

64
3.19 Writing

Write a composition of a bad habit that you have and mention the consequences that it has
and the suggestions on how you should change it for a good one. Use linking words and
phrases to connect your ideas.

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 UNIT # 4

LESSON 1

4.1 Vocabulary

Look at the following crossword puzzle, and change the verbs into past tense.

66
4.2 Reading

Read the following biography about Michael Jackson-the best singer of all times, and
then respond the following questions.

1. Michael Jackson was born in Indiana. True False Not given

2. Thriller was his best álbum. True False Not given

3.The moonwalk and robot dance moves

belonged to the King of Pop . True False Not given

4. Michael Jackson changed his Appearance

becuase of vitíligo. True False Not given

5. Michael Jackson died from skin cáncer True False Not given

67
4.3 Grammar

Simple Past

The past simple tense is formed with the majority of verbs, just adding the
ED. This form is equal to all the persons of the singular and plural.

If the verb end in –E, just add D. like- liked

If the verb ends in Y preceded by a consonant, the –y is change by –i and

add –ed. study – studied

If the verb ends in a simple consonant , preceded by an accented vowel,

doublé the consonant before adding ED. stop – stopped

The verbs ended in ED are regular verbs. The rest of the verbs are
irregular and must be memorized, because they do not follow any rule.
break- broke take-took go-went

The past simple is used to describe an action that occured in a determined

time of the past.

The auxiliar that you use for making negative Sentences is didn´t, and for
interrogative is did.

Example:

The Director spoke a speech yesterday

We went to the cinema last night

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Make the past simple, positive, negative or question.

1. I _________________ (not / drink) any beer last night.

2. She _________________ (get on) the bus in the centre of the city.
3. What time _________________ (he / get up) yesterday?
4. Where _________________ (you / get off) the train?
5. I _________________ (not / change) trains at Victoria.
6. We _________________ (wake up) very late.
7. What _________________ (he / give) his mother for Christmas?
8. I _________________ (receive) £300 when my uncle _________________ (die).
9. We _________________ (not / use) the computer last night.
10. _________________ (she / make) good coffee?
11. They _________________ (live) in Paris.
12. She _________________ (read) the newspaper yesterday.
13. I _________________ (not / watch) TV.
14. He _________________ (not / study) for the exam.
15. _________________ (he / call) you?
16. _________________ (I / forget) something?
17. What time _________________ (the film / start)?
18. He _________________ (have) a shower.
19. Why _________________ (you / come)?
20. _________________ (he / go) to the party?

69
 LESSON 2
4.4 Reading
Read the following article about the clever shepherd and respond the questions
below.

70
 1. What did the king give to the people?

………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Who found the answers to the questions made by the King?
………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. What happened after the shepher replied the two questions to the King?

………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Whom people asked for help when they had problems?

………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. Was the King marvelled by the shepherd´s answers?

………………………………………………………………………………………….

4.5 Grammar

The verb could

Could is a modal verb used to express possibility or past ability as well as to make
suggestions and requests. Could is also commonly used in conditional sentences as the
conditional form of can.

Example:

• Extreme rain could cause the river to flood the city. possibility
• Nancy could ski like a pro by the age of 11. past ability
• You could see a movie or go out to dinner. suggestion
• Could I use your computer to email my boss? request
• We could go on the trip if I didn't have to work this weekend. Conditional

Write short answers (with pronouns) for the questions below

• 1.Q: Can you speak Spanish? A: Yes, _____________________________________

• 2. Q: Could Mr. Stevens finish the report on time? A: No, _______________________
• 3. Q: Could they go shopping? A: No, ______________________________________
• 4. Q: Can a bat fly? A: Yes, ______________________________________________
71
• 5. Q: Can your sister swim? A: Yes, ________________________________________
• 6. Q: Can you swim? A: No, _____________________________________________
• 7. Q: Could your brother drive a car last year? A: No, _________________________
• 8. Q: Could people walk on the moon in 1969? A: Yes, _________________________
• 9. Q: Can he read? A: Yes, _______________________________________________
• 10. Q: Could she fix her bicycle? A: Yes, _____________________________________
• 11. Q: Can Ms. Smith fly a plane? A: No, _____________________________________
• 12. Q: Can fish swim? A: Yes, _____________________________________________
• 13. Q: Can she cook? A: Yes, _____________________________________________
• 14. Q: Could they find the hotel? A: Yes, _____________________________________
• 15. Q: Can we go now? A: No, ____________________________________________
• 16. Q: Can cats talk? A: No, _______________________________________________
• 17. Q: Could they deliver the pizza? A: No, ___________________________________
• 18. Q: Can we see the sun at night? A: No, ___________________________________
• 19. Q: Could he find Stewart? A: Yes, _______________________________________
• 20. Q: Can she answer the phone? A: No, ____________________________________

4.6 Vocabulary

Match the following pictures with the Vocabulary.

Ride a bike make extreme sports galop horses go sightseeing go hiking

fishing

1 2 3

4 5 6

72
4.7 Listening (Track: 4.7 Listening)
Listen to the following audio and complete the sentences

1. I ________ ________ this morning.

2. . What ________ you ________ when I called you?

3. Bill heard about the report as he ________ ________ to the radio.

4. Who ________ ________ all that noise last night?

5. The machines ________ ________ properly.

6. Joe and Lisa ________ ________ in New York in the 1980s.

7. The driver ________ ________ a good job, so he was fired.

8. A security guard ________ ________ us while we were in the store.

9. A woman tripped as she ________ ________ onto the bus.

10. The accident was caused by a man who ________ ________ while he ________
________ .

73
4.8 Speaking

In pairs. Ask these questions and discuss.

1. For you, what is the best way of transportation from the job to your home?

2. Can you ride a motorcycle?

3. How do you think countries can reduce congestion in their roads?

4. What is the penalty for speeding in your country?

5. How important do you think it is important to use public transportation?

74
 LESSON 3

4.9 Reading

Humanity needs water, and every drop is precious. On March 22nd, World Water Day is a day
to celebrate water and make a difference for people who do not have the water they need.

Did you know that in the UK every person uses about 150 litres of water every day and most of
the water we use is to flush the toilet? Let’s take a minute to think about the water we use. The
human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty
we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water. We also need water for cooking.
Imagine trying to cook pasta or rice without water! We have toilets in our houses and when we
want to brush our teeth or have a shower, we use the bathroom. We use water indirectly too.
Farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a
light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.

The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the
case for many people around the world. Did you know that around 750 million people do not
have clean water to drink? That’s around 1 in 10 people in the world. And did you know that 2.5
billion people do not have clean toilets? That’s about 1 in 3 people in the world.

If we drink dirty water or we can’t wash our hands when we go to the toilet, we can catch
diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from diarrhoea
from dirty water. That’s around 1,400 children every day! In Ghana, 80% of all diseases are
from dirty water, in Nigeria 70% of people don’t have toilets and in Nicaragua, 80% of people
don’t have clean drinking water. Also, in some countries children walk many kilometres every
day to get water and sometimes the water isn’t even clean! If children walk many hours a day to
get water, they can’t go to school so they don’t learn how to read or write and don’t get an
education.

75
In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water. On this day
every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of
dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the
world. People organise events to raise money and this money helps countries like Nigeria or
Nicaragua get clean water to its people so that children don’t die from diarrhoea and so that
they can go to school.

For World Water Day, some people in the UK walk, run or cycle 10km, others climb mountains
or even jump from an aeroplane and skydive to the ground. At one school children between the
ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with 6 litres of water so they can see how it feels to walk a long
distance carrying heavy bottles of water. People give them money to do these things and all the
money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.

Read the text about World Water Day and do the exercises to check your understanding.

a) grow food. b) can’t wash their hands. c) cook. d) make energy. e) can’t go to
school.
We use water to … When there isn’t any water, people …

f) walk many km every day to look for water. g) flush the toilet. h) brush our
teeth.

WE USE WATER TO WHEN THERE ISN’T ANY WATER, PEOPLE….

76
 150 1,400 60% 80%
22nd

1. In the UK people use about _______________ litres of water a day.

2. The human body is _______________ water.
3. _______________ million people around the world do not have clean water.
4. _______________ billion people around the world do not have clean toilets.
5. _______________ children die from diarrhoea from dirty water every day.
6. In Nigeria _______________ of people don’t have toilets.
7. In Nicaragua _______________ of people don’t have clean drinking water.
8. The World Day for Water is on March _______________ every year.
9. For World Water Day in the UK, people walk, run or cycle _______________
to help people who don’t have clean water.
10. In the UK children walk 6km with _______________ litres of water to
raise money for World Water Day.

77
Write a letter to a magazine about water pollution.

Mention their importance for

• you personally
• business in general
• households.

Write between 100 and 150 words.

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

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78
4.10 Grammar

The Past Progressive

The past Progressive is formed with the past of to be (was - were) as auxiliar,
plus the present participle of the principal verb.

The past Progressive describes an action in a certain of moment or time in

the past. Usually, the past Progressive is complemented by a past simple
exposed or implicit.

Examples:

I was sleeping when you called.

They were eating when we arrived.

Past Tense. Complete the the e-mail with the verbs in brackets.

Dear Jane,

How are you doing? I feel miserable, I must admit. And I'm going to tell you
why.

Yesterday I ..................... (do) my homework, ..................... (tidy) my

bedroom and ..................... (decide) to go out. The weather .....................
(be) perfect and so I ..................... (go) to the park. And do you know who I
..................... (see) there? Jason, my boyfriend. I ..................... (want) to say
hello to him, but then I ..................... (stop), because I ..................... (can) see
a girl coming to him. Guess what ..................... (happen). They .....................
(meet) in the middle of the road and he ..................... (kiss) her. My Jason!
Jason and I ..................... (be) in the park three times and he never
..................... (try) to kiss me.

I didn't know what to do. I just ..................... (run) away. When I .....................
(come) back home, I..................... (cry). Just a little bit, you know. Then I
..................... (say) to myself: Forget about Jason. There are plenty more fish
in the sea!

What do you think of him? Is he worth it? Please, write back soon. Love,Bea.

Look at Jane's diary. What was she doing at these times?

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My diary

Monday 4.30 - 5.30 p.m have an appointment at the dentist's

Tuesday 7 - 8 p.m play tennis with Mimi

Wednesday 8 - 10 p.m. watch the Black Widows

Thursday 8.30 - 9.30 p.m. revise for an English test

Friday 5 - 7 p.m. do the shopping with Carrol

Saturday 11.30 - 12.30 a.m. cook lunch

Sunday 9 - 10 a.m. tidy the house with mum

On Monday at 5 p.m. she ...................................... an appointment at the

dentist's.

On Tuesday between 7 - 8 p.m. Jane and Mimi ......................................

tennis.

On Wednesday at 9 o'clock she ...................................... the Black Widows.

On Thursday from 8.30 to 9.30 she ...................................... for an English

test.

On Friday at 6 o'clock Jane and Carrol ...................................... the shopping.

On Saturday between 11.30 and 12.30 she ...................................... lunch.

On Sunday at 9.30 Jane and her mum ...................................... the house.

But I don't know what she ...................................... at 12 p.m. on Sunday.

Was she sleeping?

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 4.11 Writing

Look at the cartoon below. Write a story using a sentence or two for each
drawing using the past simple and past continuous. Below are some of the
verbs you should use in your story.

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 LESSON 4

4.12 Reading

A PIZZA

"Daddy, let's order a pizza," Billy said. "That sounds

like a good idea," said his dad.
They looked at a menu they had at home. "What kind do you want?" his dad
asked. Billy wanted a large pizza. He wanted a pizza with four toppings. He
wanted cheese, pepperoni, ham, and pineapple. His dad said that sounded
good.
He called the pizza place. "They don't have any pineapple," dad told Billy.
"What do you want instead?" Billy wanted sausage instead. His dad ordered
sausage instead of pineapple. About 30 minutes later, there was a knock on
the door. It was the pizza man. "Here's your pizza," he told Billy's dad. "That'll
be $16." Dad paid the pizza man. He also gave him a tip. Dad took the pizza
to the living room.
A baseball game was on TV. Billy and his dad started to eat the pizza in the
living room. "I hope the Yankees lose," Billy told his dad. "I hope the Yankees
lose, too," his dad said.

I) True or False?
___ 1. Billy wanted to order a pizza.
___ 2. His Dad didn’t want to eat pizza.
___ 3. Billy wanted a large pizza with three toppings.
___ 4. They didn’t have any pepperoni at the pizza place.
___ 5. The pizza man arrived 30 minutes later.
___ 6. Dad gave the man $16 and a tip.
___ 7. Billy and his dad ate the pizza in the kitchen.
___ 8. They watched a baseball game while they were eating
the pizza.

II) Questions.
1. Was Billy hungry?
2. What did he want to eat?
3. What kind of toppings did he want?
4. How much was the pizza?
5. What were they doing while they were eating the pizza?
6. Were they Yankees fans?

III) Find verbs in the past simple and underline them. Are they regular or
irregular?

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IV) Match the two parts of these sentences.
1. Billy was hungry and … ___ a. $16 and dad also gave the man a tip.
2. His Dad ordered …. ___ b. wanted to eat pizza.
3. The pizza cost …. ___ c. to lose the game.
4. They took the pizza … ___ d. pizza with four toppings.
5. They watched ….. ___ e. to the living room.
6. They wanted the Yankees ___ f. a baseball game on TV.
….

4.13 Listening (Track:WhitneyHouston.mp3)

A. Listen to the following passage about Whitney Houston. Try to

complete the chart with as much detail as possible.

Whitney Houston

Born:

Started singing:

First hit álbum:

Appeared in the Bodyguard

Number of copies sold of the first 2

albums

I will always love you

4.14 Writing

Write a paragraph about a vacation you had with your family. Mention were
did you go?, When was it?, What were you doing in that place?, What
situations did you face?, and the solutions you employed

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 LESSON 5

4.15 Vocabulary

Look at the following phrasal verbs and match them with the correct

meaning.

He asked out his boss for dinner

The whole building was blown up

She broke down and cried

He cut off a piece of Wood.

Did you figure out who the thief was?

a. Asked out 1. to cause to fall or colapse by breaking or shattering

b. Blown up 2. Invite on a date

c. Broke down 3. Realice, solve, understand

d. Cut off 4. Remove, disconnect

e. Figure out 5. Explode, detonate

4.16 Grammar

Time clauses with Past Simple and Past Progressive

A time clause gives information about an action that happened.

Example: The pone rang while I was watching TV.

Clauses of time begin with these words: when, while, before,after.

Example: Ana was studying English when I came in.

86
He cleaned his teeth before he went to bed.

The time clause can come before or after the main clause.

Example: She felt very glad when she received the invitation or When she
received the invitation, she felt very glad. In this case a , comma is placed
after the clause.

4.17 Listening

Listen to the following audio about last summer and answer True or

False.

87
1. The lady went on a trip last summer. True False

2. The lady went to New Jersey. True False

3. The lady traveled by plane. True False

4. The lady likes to travel in planes True False

5. It took five days to get to the place True False

6. The lady stayed in a hotel True False

7. The weather was not so good True False

8. It rained just once. True False

9. The lady spoke English True False

10. Not all the people understood the language True False

4.18 Writing

Read the story below. Then, finish it with your own writing.

I had a fun day today. I went to the beach with my family. It was my first time
I had gone to the beach in North Carolina.

We woke up early and drove for two hours until we reached the beach. There
was a lot of traffic.

We finally found a parking spot and walked to the sand. It was pretty outside
and the beach was very crowded. There were a lot of kids playing.

My dad set up a big umbrella. I laid my towel out on the sand. My mom
helped me put on sunscreen. I didn’t want to get sunburned.

I walked down to the water and stuck my toes in. The water was warm. It felt
good. I walked back to my family and told my brother to come swimming with
me.

“I don’t want to,” he said.

“Why not?” I asked.

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“I’m afraid of sharks,” he said.

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 UNIT # 5

LESSON 1

5.1 Vocabulary

Look at the following pictures. Match them with the words below.

To discover Rafting Parachuting To pilot Snorkeling

a) b) c)

d) e)

5.2 Grammar

90
5.2 Grammar

Present Perfect

The present perfect is composed of the verb to have as an auxiliar verb plus

the passive participle of the main verb.

I, you, we, they have seen He, she, it has seen

Notice that all the regular verbs have the same form in the passive participle
that the past siemple: walked, talked, worked, etc.

This does not happen with irregular verbs like: see, saw, seen; break, broke,
broken.

The present Perfect is used to indicate an ocurred action in an indetermined

time in the past, putting relief in the simple fact of having realized, without
specifying when that action took place.

Example:

I have been there.

I have seen that picture.

Notice that when the simple past is employed, we refer to a past action
without relation to the present, while with the present perfect, we refer to a
past action related with the present.

Also, the present perfect is used to indicate an action that starts in the past
and continues until the present.

Example:

Jerry has worked here since 1999.

My family have lived here for 20 years.

91
Complete with the Present perfect form of the verb in parenthesis.

1. (work) She………………….. in that office for many years.

2. (read) I ………………… that book.

3. (see) We………………………. that movie.

4. (live) They………………….. in that house for many years.

5. (be) We………………………. here since early this morning.

6. (dissapear) Both letters…………………………………………

7. (go) No one knows were they………………………………….

8. (go) The children……………………… to the park.

9. (be) John………………………. sick all the week.

10. (try) I……………………… to telephone him several times.

5.3 Listening

Listen to the following conversation between Dave and a friend. Tick for
the things he has donde or cross (X) for what he hasn´t done.

Go to exciting countries ( ) Go rock climbing ( )

Climb a mountain ( ) Swim with sharks ( )

Swim in a lake ( ) See the waterfalls ( )

Sleep under the stars ( )

5.4 Reading

Read the following article about a radio star that was saved by YouTube

and respond the questions below.

92
 YouTube video saved the radio star

A homeless man who has lived on the

streets of Cleveland, USA for years, has
shot to fame, after a clip of his mellifluous
radio voice went viral on the Internet. Ted
Williams was filmed by a local cameraman,
holding a cardboard sign that read: “I’m an
ex-radio announcer who has fallen on hard
times”. Williams is seen in the video asking
for money in exchange for a quick blast of
his “God-given voice”. Now that the video
has had millions of hits on YouTube,
Williams, has become an overnight
sensation.

He has spent today appearing on talk shows across America, sporting

a new haircut and a smarter appearance than on the clip that made
him famous.

Since his story broke, he has received numerous job offers from big
broadcasting names including ESPN, MTV, ABC, CBS and CNN and
The Cleveland Cavaliers.

Williams has been on the streets for years and has struggled with
drug and alcohol addiction for years.

The story of the “homeless man with the golden pipes” has lifted the
spirits of a recession-hit nation in the week that it has returned to work
after the Christmas holidays. However, the instant hero has attracted
so much attention that reporters have started digging into his
background and they have discovered that Williams has struggled
with drug and alcohol addiction for years and has pressed the self-
destruct button previously in his life. Asked if the media storm around
him may cause him to relapse into addiction, he said, “I’m going to
meetings and I have called my sponsor.”

Accusations have also surfaced that Williams acted as a pimp during

93
his years on the streets. In response, Williams said, “Don’t judge a
book by its cover – everyone has their own little story. I’m just so
thankful. God has blessed me deeply. I’m getting a second chance.
Amazing.”
There are fears though that Williams will not be able to cope with his
new status as an instant hero. They say that he will be a flash in the
pan and his fairytale story is being used by the media to reinforce
American Dream propaganda, at a time when America is in serious
economic difficulties and the gap between the rich and poor is rapidly
increasing.
1. How did Ted Williams make the leap to fame?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Where has he appeared after the clip that made him famous?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3. How many companies have been interested in him? Mention them.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

4. What are the problems that Ted Williams have struggled with?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Has he lived in his house his entire life?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

6. What impact has the life of Ted Williams caused in the nation?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

7. What kind of things has he faced during his years on the streets?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

94
5.5 Speaking

In pairs. You are going to ask to your partner the following questions.
Then, he will respond them , and viceversa.

1. Have you ever shot a gun?

2. WHere have you traveled?

3. What sports have you played?

4. Where is the best place you have ever been?

5. Have you ever screamed at someone in public?

6. How long have you studied English?

7. Who is the greatest persona you have met?

8. What have you done too many times?

9. Have you ever been on TV? If so, mention the broadcast cannel were

you were invited.

10. Have you ever eaten anything really strange?

95
 LESSON 2

5.6 Reading

Read the text carefully.

I have worked for this company for

ten years, but I haven’t always
worked in the same department. I
have worked in sales, marketing and
accounts, so I have gained a lot of
experience. In fact, I have just been
promoted to Assistant Manager. I
now report directly to Mr. Grey, the
Managing Director.

Our new head office is in London.

We have been here for one year.
Before that, we were based in a small town. We also have a new fleet of
cars. We have had these Renaults for five months.

Our main clients are the Ritz and Murdoch business groups. they have
been our clients for a long time. Over the years, we have worked hard to
satisfy our clients, although we haven’t always succeeded!

We have made many changes in the company in order to remain

competitive. Some people have had difficulties adjusting to the new
procedures because they haven’t had enough training. Business had been a
little slow recently due to the recession, but we managed to achieve our
objectives last year. Hopefully, we will again this year.

1- Say if the sentences are true(T) or false(F).

a) He is presently working in three departments. ______

b) He has been in his present job for a very long time. ______
c) The company has made some big investments lately. ______
d) All the employees have adjusted to the new procedures without
difficulty. ______

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 e) They only have two clients.
f) Their clients aren’t always pleased with their service. ______
g) Their results were good last year.

2 – Answer the questions.

a) When did he start working for the company?

________________________________________________________
b) When did they buy the new cars?
________________________________________________________
c) Why have they made many changes?
________________________________________________________
d) What do the employees need to overcome their difficulties at work?
_______________________________________________________
e) Why has business been a little slow
recently?________________________________________________
________

5.7 Listening

Listen to Mary and her father talking on the phone. What has Mary done in
holidays. Tick the boxes

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 5.8 Grammar

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

Use the Past Simple or the Present Perfect Simple.

1. John ........................... (not call) me recently.

2. They ........................... (buy) a new car last month.

3. The teacher ........................... (not return) the tests yet.

4. How long ........................... she ........................... (know) about this

problem?

5. ........................... you ever ........................... (hear) such an unbelievable

story?

6. When I was a child, I ........................... (live) in England for two years. 7.

He ........................... (buy) me a beautiful gift for my birthday.

8. I am so excited to have a dog. I ......................................... (always / want)

one

5.9

Speaking

Talk in
pairs. Ask
each other
questions
using the
following
prompts.

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 LESSON 3

5.10 Reading

Read the following article and see if the statements are true or false.

1. It’s the first time that Kate has stayed up all night. ______

2. Kate finished her essay last night. ______

3. The Spanish Civil War has attracted Kate’s attention. ______

4. Sarah completed her essay. ______

5. Sarah has been to the National Library before. ______

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5.11 Listening

In this listening exercise you are going to hear a whole conversation

between a teacher and a student. Then, you will have to fill the gaps
that are missing.

A. Good morning, Ana! ………….. you …………. your homework?

B: No, I …………………. I …………………………………

A: I´m so sorry to hear that. Oh, …………. you………………. your book yet?

B: Yes, I…………….. Mrs. Thompson. It´s very interesting.

A: Hmmm. Why…………………………………………………………………..?

B: I know. I love basketball.

A: But this time ………………………. a new Peruvian. So, I…………………..

to Cuzco last weekend, and I think it´s amazing.

B: That´s great Ana. Tell me more about it.

A: I……………………………. everything in the book. It has pictures, maps

and also pop up pictures.

B: This sounds like a great book. Nice! ………………. you…………………

that amazing book? Can I see it?

A: Hmmmm, No, you can´t. I ………………………….. it yet! You can only

download it from Appstore.

5.12 Grammar

Present Perfect Simple (for and since)

For + a period of time

Since + a point in time in the past

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Complete each sentence with for or since.
1 I’ve been here __________________________yesterday.
2 She’s been living in London _______________ 2002.
3 I’ve been learning English ________________ three years.
4 He’s been swimming every day ____________ he was ten.
5 He’s been a professional coach ____________ten years.
6 I’ve lived in the same town _______________ a long time.
7 I’ve admired her ________________________ we first met.

5.13Vocabulary
Look at the following pictures and make a sentence with each one of
them.

a) b) c)

a. ………………………………………………………………………………………

b………………………………………………………………………………………..

c………………………………………………………………………………………..

d………………………………………………………………………………………..

e.……………………………………………………………………………………….

f………………………………………………………………………………………..

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 LESSON 4

5.14 Vocabulary

Look at the following pictures and put the words below were it
corresponds.

snowing river lagoon volcano waterfall mountain

5.15 Reading

Read the following article about Brazil and answer the questions.

Brazil, the largest country in South America, has a population of 208 million
and a territory of 3,287,956 square miles (8,515,767 km2).

Having once been a Portuguese colony, Brazil today has very ethnically
diverse population, with half of the residents identifying as mixed race, and
notable Asian and indigenous minorities.

Since the Amazon River basin is located in Brazil, the vast tropical forest
around it accounts for much of Brazil's territory. The Amazon rainforest is a

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protected habitat (natural home of an animal or plant), unique not only for its
rich wildlife, but also because some 70 isolated tribes still live in it.

Due to heavy industrialization, this natural heritage of Brazil is now

threatened by mining, oil extraction and dam building.

1. Where is Brazil?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

2. What is the population of this country?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3. What has been threatened due to mining?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

4.What is the Amazon rainforest?

…………………………………………………………………………………………

5.16 Writing

In this section, you are going to write a paragraph about the country where
you live in.

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

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5.17 Listening

Listen to the following audio and match the speaker with the
place the plane is going to.

Athens New York Rome Tokyo

Amsterdam

1. Speaker A: The plane is going to ……………………..

2. Speaker B: The plane is going to……………………….

3. Speaker C: The plane is going to ………………………

4. Speaker D: The plane is going to……………………….

5. Speaker E: The plane is going to……………………….

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 LESSON 5

5.18 Reading

Read the following article about a healthy lifestyle and answer the
questions.

1. Why do Thompson family find difficult to eat healthy meals?

……………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………

2. Instead of eating healthy, what has Mrs. Thomson been doing?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………

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 3. What has happened in the past two weeks?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………

4. In your view, do you think this family will continue eating healthy? Explain
your reasons.

…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………

5.19 Speaking

In this Section you are going to interview another person by asking the
following questions.

SPORT   TRAVELLING  
• Have  you  ever  won  an  award  or  a  medal?   • Have  you  swum  in  the  sea  this  year?  
• Have  you  recently  played     • Where  have  you  travelled?  
football?   • Have  you  planned  your    
summer  vacations  yet?  
• Have  you  ever  run    

PROBLEMS   CLOTHES  
• Have  you  ever  crashed  your  bike  or  car?   • Have  you  cleaned  your  shoes  today?  
• Have  you  ever  lost  money?   • Have  you  ever  worn  second-­‐hand  clothes?  
• Have  your  parents  punished     • Have  you  bought  new  clothes  
you  this  month?   this  month?  
5.20 Writin
 

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5.20 Writing

Imagine you are on a trip to Luxemburgo or United States. Write an

email to a friend describing: where are you?, the activities that you are
going to do and if you are having a great time.
.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................

…………………………………………………………………………………………

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 Bibliography

LISTENINGS

http://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/skills/listening/elementary-a2-
listening/shopping-clothes

(Audio for clothes)

Audio for physical appearance

(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8I6c_VTOZ5A)

Audio for 1.15 a and B (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CLR4yPq9KZc)

AUDIO FOR 2.2 (Vacation plans) (https://www.esl-

lab.com/summervacation/summervacationrd1.htm)

2.8 a grand vacation.mp3 (http://www.esl-lounge.com/student/listening/1L14-

a-grand-vacation-transcript.php)

GRAMMAR

Present tense and present progressive Gramamr section (taken from

Fullbright´s book)

Possesive Pronouns definition (taken from Fullbright´s book)

The verb may

(https://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=710)

Future going to (taken from Fullbright´s book)

The example of future going to 2.4 was created by the author

Present Progressive with future meaning

(https://ngl.cengage.com/assets/html/companion/grammarincontext6e_2_978
1305075382/gic6e_level_2_unit_1_lesson_2_preview.pdf) plus the
examples.

Use the words to write sentences

(https://yoquieroaprobar.es/3_eso/8/4/epcfm4e1.pdf)

3.3 GRAMMAR CAN COULD

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(http://kouprepschool.weebly.com/uploads/8/1/7/5/81754966/atg-worksheet-
can-could.pdf)

3.6 Grammar (taken from Fullbright´s book)

(https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/have
_to_has_to/modals-preintermediate-a2/56208) ISL Collective Sheets

3.9 Must (taken from Mary Ansell pdfbook) page 144

3.16 Should (taken from Mary Ansell pdf book) page 141

IMAGES

Cellphone´s image
https://www.google.com/search?biw=985&bih=630&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=Oiq
QXOTDEeP45gKgnZroBQ&q=cellphone&oq=cellphone&gs_l=img.3..0i10j0l2
j0i10j0j0i10j0l4.483060.485208..485690...0.0..0.198.1455.0j9......1....1..gws-
wiz-img.......0i67.N1xs12LPVZc#imgrc=A5iPwalXj0KrTM:

Sunglasses , clock and wallet

https://sp.depositphotos.com/95114178/stock-photo-tablet-pc-with-web-
search.html

Keys, backpack and lantern

https://twitter.com/englishplusperu

Physical appearances

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/437412182553981576/

Figure 5

https://en.islcollective.com/download/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/my_lo
vely_family/family-family-relationships/10557

Figure 6 (Things packed for a holiday)

https://nyelvkonyvbolt.hu/uploads/files/ce3rd_pre_samplepages.pdf

Figure 7: Summer visit (https://keepsmilingenglish.com/2017/09/como-

escribir-email-informal-fce-writing-part-2/)

Figure 8: Dreamstime 2019

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Figure 9: Pinterest (https://www.pinterest.com/pin/315744623862204776/)

Figure 10: Must Mustn´t

(https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/oral_
practice_mustmustnt/must-or-mustnt/80683)

Figure 11: Apple watch (https://www.macworld.com/article/2604309/meet-

apple-watch-the-new-apple-smartwatch-with-a-clever-new-navigation-
scheme.html)

Figure 12 Digital Devices (https://www.gadgetsnow.com/mobile-

phones/Apple-iPhone-X)

READING

meyda.education.gov.il/files/.../EnglishShloshYechidot.doc (reading arabicos)

The wedding gown

(meyda.education.gov.il/files/.../EnglishShloshYechidot.doc)

2.6 Tim tennis player (http://ewbooks.info/level1/u10r1.htm) Name of the

page: Hacking Hot potatoes

2.10 Robots reading (http://www.passporttoenglish.com/Beginning-

English/Lesson16/Reading.html)

2.14 Three people describing how the world will be in 2050

(https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/the_
world_in_2050_will_and_wont/future-simple-tense/88793)

3.2 Reading ( Desk clerk and guest conversation) (Oxford University Press-
Gateways 2 by Irene Frankel and Victoria Kimbrough)

Tables

Possessive table (Free English Grammar Mary Ansell)

Table 4. Personal Appearance

(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CLR4yPq9KZc)

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SPEAKING

1.16 Describe people´s appearances ( Gateways# 2 Irene Frankel, Victoria

Kimbrough_ Oxford University Press)

VOCABULARY

2.1 ALL THAT EXERCISE BELONGS TO

(http://ffmgu.ru/images/d/d7/Travel.pdf)

2.5 vocabulary section A (

https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-
english-117993.php)

3.1 Vocabulary collocations

(https://www.englishpractice.com/vocabulary/collocations-exercise-3/)

3.5 Vocabulary (Stories)

(https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/sites/teacheng/files/phvstories.pdf) y
(https://busyteacher.org/24445-phrasal-verbs-worksheet-1-introduction-
and.html)

3.10 VOCABUALRY for cellphones

(http://wilsworldofwords.com/2010/06/english-vocabulary-for-mobile-phones-
cell-phones.html)

3.15 Figure 13
(https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/techn
ology_vocabulary/technology-vocabulary-reading/64635)

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