Tyas Motion

Grade VIII Semester 1
2010/2011
Tyas Ajeng Puspitasari, S.Pd
Junior High School 1 Malang
www.tyas-physics.blogspot.com
What is motion?
What is relative motion?
What is difference between distance and
displacement?
What is speed?
What is the difference between speed
and velocity?
What is acceleration?
How can we use graph to describe
motion?
In physics, motion is a change in
location or position of an object with
respect to time
The moving object is identified by its

change position from a point of
reference
Motion is always observed and

measured relative to a frame of
reference.
Distance is the total path
travelled by the body without
considering the direction of its
motion.
Displacement is the change of

position of body from the initial
point, or the shortest
distance from one point to
another.
The SI unit of distance and

displacement is the meter [m].
Distance Vs Displacement
A
A
Displacement
200 m
C
250 m
150 m
distance = 150 m + 250 m = 400 m

B displacement = 200 m
100 m 1. a) In Figure beside,
B what is the distance
travelled by the car?
100 m b) What is the
displacement of the
100 m car?
A
2. A boy starts from A and walks 4 meters East, 2 meters South, 4
meters West, and finally2 meters north.
1. What is his distance?
2. What is his displacement?
The speed of an object is defined as the distance travelled by
the object per unit time
The speed of a body tells us how quickly or slowly a body is moving
Speed is measured in the SI unit of meter per second (m/s). Another
commonly unit is kilometer per hour (km/hour) and mile per hour
(mph)
t=1s t=1s t=1s

10 m 10 m 10 m
www.rarberyac.blogspot.com
Average Speed and Instantaneous
speed
For most journeys, speed is not constant.

Instantaneous Speed - the speed at
any given instant in time. This is
measured using a speedometer
Average Speed - the average of all
instantaneous speeds.
A car speedometer
Speed is scalar quantity, has only

numerical value (magnitude).
Velocity is distance travelled per unit time in a stated
direction
Velocity is speed in a specific direction

The SI unit for velocity is meter per second (m/s).
Other commonly unit is kilometer/hour (km/hour)
Velocity is vector quantity, has a direction and a
numerical value (magnitude).
Problems of Speed and Velocity
1. If we travel 320 km in 4 hours, what is our average speed? If we

drive at this average speed for 5 hours, how far will we go?
2. Thunder traveled in the air at a speed of 330 m/s. If the lighting
source was 3.3 km away from where you were standing, how long
did it take for the sound to be heard from your position?
3. A runner covers one lap of a circular track 28 m in diameter in 44 s
1. What is his distance ?
2. What is displacement?
3. What is his speed?
4. What is his velocity?
4. A train on a straight track traveled 120 km to the East for 2 h,
stopped for 15 min, then traveled 100 km to the west for 45 min.
1. What is the train distance?
2. What is the train displacement?
3. What is average speed for the whole trip
4. What is average velocity for the whole trip?
Acceleration is defined as the rate of change of
velocity
Where,
a = acceleration (m/s2)
∆v = change in velocity (m/s)
vt = final velocity (m/s)
V0 = initial velocity (m/s)
t = time taken for the change (s)
Acceleration has a direction and magnitude.

The SI unit for acceleration is m/s2
Acceleration can be positive, negative or zero
1s 2s 3s 4s
0 m/s 2 m/s 4 m/s 6 m/s
Velocity goes up by 2 meters per second every

second
Positive and negative acceleration
Positive acceleration ( a = +)
The direction of the acceleration is in the same direction as
the velocity since the speed is increasing.
Negative acceleration / deceleration (a=-)

The direction of the acceleration is in the opposite direction to
the direction of the velocity since the speed is decreasing
Uniform Linear Motion (gerak lurus beraturan)
Motion of a body in straight line with a

constant velocity
v is constant ---> ∆v = 0
a=0
Uniformly Accelerated Motion (Gerak Lurus
Berubah Beraturan)
Motion of a body if its acceleration

remains constant throughout its motion.
v is changes
a = constant
Formula for Uniformly Accelerated
Motion
Note:
vt = final velocity (m/s)
v0= initial velocity (m/s)
a = acceleration (m/s2)
s = displacement (m)
t = time (s)
Problems of Uniform Accelerated
Motion
1. A car increases its velocity steadily from 72 km/h to 108 km/h in 5 s. What
is its acceleration in m/s2?
2. An object moves with initial velocity of 4 m/s then it is accelerated with
acceleration of 3 m/s2 for 5 seconds. What is final velocity of the object?
3. A car is accelerated at 6 m.s-2 from an initial velocity of 2 m.s-1 for 10
seconds. What is the final velocity and the distance moved?
4. An object moves from rest with a uniform acceleration of 2 m/s2. What is
the velocity of the object after 30s?
5. Andri drive a motorcycle with initial velocity of 20 m/s. When he’s near to
his house, he brake his motorcycle for 5 seconds until the motorcycle stop
in front of his house precisely. What is the deceleration of Andri’s
motorcycle?
GRAPH (Distance vs Time)
Y Distance (m) Vs. Time (sec.)

200
160
120
Distance in meter Rise
80
40
Run
0123456789 X
Time in Seconds
Graph distance vs. time
Object at rest Uniform Linear Motion Uniformly Accelerated

(v= constant; a =0 ) Motion
(v=0) (v is changed; a =
constant)
GRAPH (speed vs time)
Y Velocity (m) Vs. Time (sec.)

80
60
40
velocoty in m/s Rise
20
10
Run
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 X
Time in s
GRAPH (Speed vs Time)
The area under a speed vs. time graph =

the distance travelled
Since area under speed vs time

graph is 40 cm, thus total
distance travelled by the object is
Graph speed vs. time
Uniform Linear Motion (v= Uniformly Accelerated Uniformly Decelerated

constant; a =0 ) Motion Motion
(v is changed; a = +) (v is changed; a = -)
Problems of graph of Motion
Problems of graph of Motion
Reference
Glencoe Science. 2005. Motion, Forces and Energy. USA: The McGraw-Hill
Companies, Inc.
A Glencoe Program. 2005. Physics Principles and Problems. USA: The McGraw-
Hill companies, Inc.
Yap Eng Keat & Khoo Koh Kow. 2008. Longman Essential Physics Form 4
(Bilingual Text). Selangor: Pearson Malaysia Sdn.Bhd.
Low Kia Keat & Julie Quah. 2006. Physics Expression ‘N’ Level Science.
Singapore: Panpac Education
Loo Kwok Wai & Loo Wan Yong. 2007.Science in Focus Physics ‘N’ Level.
Singapore: Pearson Education South Asia Pte. Ltd.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_(physics)

Tyas Motion

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tyas Motion

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Grade VIII Semester 1

The moving object is identified by its

Motion is always observed and

Displacement is the change of

The SI unit of distance and

distance = 150 m + 250 m = 400 m

t=1s t=1s t=1s

For most journeys, speed is not constant.

Speed is scalar quantity, has only

Velocity is speed in a specific direction

1. If we travel 320 km in 4 hours, what is our average speed? If we

Acceleration has a direction and magnitude.

Velocity goes up by 2 meters per second every

Negative acceleration / deceleration (a=-)

Motion of a body in straight line with a

Motion of a body if its acceleration

Y Distance (m) Vs. Time (sec.)

Object at rest Uniform Linear Motion Uniformly Accelerated

Y Velocity (m) Vs. Time (sec.)

The area under a speed vs. time graph =

Since area under speed vs time

Uniform Linear Motion (v= Uniformly Accelerated Uniformly Decelerated

You might also like