Technical English 1 WorkSheets

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Automotive Industries Unit 1
1 Label the tools with words from the box.

grease gun / paint-sprayer / pliers / screwdriver / spanner / tyre levers / welder / wrench
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
2 Label the garage equipment with words from the box.

4-post lift airline compressor jack tyre changer wheel balancer
1 2 3
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PEARSON Technical English
Automotive Industries
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4 5 6
3 Complete the sentences with words from 1 and 2.

1 I’m Mario. I’m a paint-sprayer. In my job, I use a paint-sprayer.
2 I’m Pedro. I’m a tyre fitter. In my job, I use ,a and an
,a ,a and a .
3 I’m Sven. I’m a welder. In my job, I use a .
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4 I’m Wayne. I’m a mechanic. In my job, I use a ,a , a Technical English
PEARSON
,a and a . aw_01_02
© Pearson Longman 2008 www.pearsonlongman.com/technicalenglish

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4 Write the abbreviations from the box next to the words and phrases. Which word or phrase is not
about cars? Underline it.
hp l rpm cc mm cm km C hr kph
1 Celsius C 6 kilometre
2 centimetre 7 kilometres per hour
3 cubic centimetre 8 litre
4 horse power 9 millimetre
5 hour 10 revolutions per minute
5 Write the abbreviations for vehicle registrations from the box next to the countries.
AT CH DE LR SI DK SE AU LB SA
1 Australia AU 6 Liberia
2 Austria 7 Saudi Arabia
3 Denmark 8 Slovenia
4 Germany 9 Sweden
5 Lebanon 10 Switzerland
6 Read the first half of a text about truck production and complete numbers 1-5 of the table. Then
complete the text, using Numbers 6-10 from the table.
World truck production

World Truck Production
Here are the figures for world truck production. In first place
Country Units
is Japan, with six hundred and seventy-nine thousand, nine
hundred and sixty-five units. In second place is China, with 1 Japan 679,965
four hundred and sixteen thousand, eight hundred and ninety- 2 China
four units. In third place is the United States, with two hundred 3 United States
and fifty-eight thousand, two hundred and fifty-seven units.
4 Germany
In fourth place is Germany, with one hundred and fifty-eight
thousand, two hundred and twenty-six units. In fifth place is 5 India
India, with one hundred and nine thousand, six hundred and 6 Brazil 68,500
twenty-six units. 7 Spain 66,657
In sixth place is . 8 Mexico 53,395
. 9 Netherlands 47,500
. 10 France 47,451
.
.

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Word List
7 Write the meanings of these words and phrases in your own language.
NOUNS NOUN PHRASES
airline 4-post lift
Celsius cubic centimetre
centimetre grease gun
compressor horse power
jack kilometres
per hour
kilometre
paint-sprayer
litre
revolutions
millimetre per minute
pliers tyre changer
screwdriver tyre lever
spanner wheel balancer
truck
welder
wrench

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1 Label these vehicle parts with words from the box.

axle body bonnet boot chassis engine roof tailgate
1 2 3 4
Saloon Coupé Convertible Estate car
5 6 7 8
Hatchback Limousine People Carrier Four-wheel Drive
2 Match the words.
British English American English

1 bonnet a) station wagon
2 boot b) hood
3 estate c) sedan
4 saloon d) trunk J7260
3 Match the vehicle types in 1 with the descriptions. aw_02_01
a) A four-wheel drive is a good vehicle for off-road use.

b) A has three or five doors. The tailgate at the back is usually called a door.
You can put down the back seats and carry cases.
c) A is a large expensive car, with a long chassis and wide body. It needs a big
engine.
d) A has two doors and a soft roof that you can fold down. It is a good vehicle
for driving in warm countries.
e) A has two or four doors. The engine is at the front and the boot (for cases)
is at the back.
f) A is a two-door vehicle with a hard roof.
g) An has a long body, square at the back, with four doors. You can put down
the back seats and load large objects through the tailgate.
h) A has a large body and five to eight seats. It is a good vehicle for large families.
4 Complete these dialogues.
1 A: What’s this vehicle called in English? 3 A: What these called?

B: called a saloon. B: They’re called wheel nuts.
2 A: that vehicle ? 4 A: What those ?
B: I think a convertible. B: called axles.

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5 Study the diagram of wheels and tyres.
valve
jack
wheel
dust cap
hub cap
tyre
axle
wheel nuts
6 Match the first, middle and final parts of each sentence.
Use the box spanner to raise or loosen the end of the car.
Use the jack to tighten or put on the tyre.
Use the tyre changer to take off or lower the dust cap.
Use your fingers the wheel nuts.
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7 Complete the instructions. Use some of the nouns more than once. Automotive Industries
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airline axle compressor dust cap hub cap jack

tyre changer valve wheel wheel balancer wheel nuts
Changing a tyre
1 Take the hub cap off the wheel.
2 Loosen the on the wheel with a box spanner.
3 Push the under the car. Raise the end of the car.
4 Take the wheel nuts off the .
5 Take the wheel off the .
6 Use the and take the tyre off the wheel.
7 Replace the on the inside of the wheel.
8 Use the and put the new tyre on the wheel.
9 Switch on the .
10 Use the and inflate the tyre.
11 Put the on the valve.
12 Put the wheel on the . Balance the wheel.
13 Put the wheel on the .
14 Put the on the wheel and tighten them.
15 Lower the car and put the on the wheel.

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Word List
NOUNS NOUN PHRASES
axle dust cap
body estate car
bonnet four-wheel
drive (4WD)
boot
hub cap
chassis
people carrier
convertible
station wagon
coupé
wheel nut
engine
hatchback
hood
limousine
roof
saloon
sedan
tailgate
trunk
tyre
valve
vehicle

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1 Complete the text with words from the diagram. Some are used more than once.
fuel gauge
MAX
fuel tank
brake
engine
silencer
drive shafts pipeline exhaust pipe
On a front-wheel drive vehicle, the (1) engine is at the front of the car, between the two wheels. Two
(2) drive the front wheels.
The (3) is at the rear of the car, between the rear wheels and below the
passenger seat. It holds fuel for the engine. A (4) carries fuel below the car to the
(5) at the front. The (6) on the instrument panel shows the quantity
of fuel in the (7) .
Each wheel of the car is fitted with (8) . When the footbrake is pressed, the
(9) slow the moving car. At rest, the handbrake stops the car from moving.
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The car’s exhaust system has a (10) and an (11) . The function of
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the (12) is to reduce the noise from the engine. The (13) carries
exhaust gases from the engine under the car between the two rear wheels to the exit point at the rear.
2 Match the parts with their functions.

1 silencer f) a) slow and stop the wheels of the car
2 fuel gauge b) carries fuel to the engine from the fuel tank
3 engine c) measures the fuel in the tank
4 pipeline d) holds the fuel for the car
5 brakes e) carries the exhaust gases to the rear of the car
6 drive shafts f) makes the car quieter
7 fuel tank g) turns the drive shaft
8 exhaust pipe h) turn the wheels of the car
3 Write questions about the parts in 1 and 2.

1 What do the brakes do ? 4 ?
They slow the car. It carries away the exhaust gases.
2 What ? 5 ?
It holds the fuel. It carries fuel from the fuel tank to the
engine.
3 ?
6 ?
They drive the wheels of the car.
It turns the drive shafts.

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4 Complete the descriptions of the four vehicles.
1 2
3 4
1 The engine is at the front and drives the rear wheels.

2 The engine is at the and drives the wheels.
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5 Look at the diagrams in 1 and 4 and underline the correct words. PEARSON Technical English
1 On a 4WD, the drive shaft to the rear wheels is to/in the middle of the car. aw_03_02
2 The pipeline for the fuel is above/below the floor.

3 The fuel tank is on/at the back of the car.
4 The chassis is at/to the bottom of the car.
5 The body is below/above the chassis.
6 The fuel gauge is in/at the middle of the instrument panel.
7 In the UK, the driver’s seat is on/at the right, looking forwards.
8 In the UK, the handbrake is to/at the left of the driver.
9 The exhaust pipe for exhaust gases is below/above the floor.
10 The drive shafts connect the wheels to/on the engine.
6 Complete the two dialogues with words from the box. Use some of the words more than once.
do does don’t doesn’t have has
1 A: the car need a new silencer? 2 A: you have a drive shaft?

B: No, it . B: No, I .
A: it need a new exhaust pipe? A: you have a silencer?
B: Yes, it . B: Yes, I . I’m sorry I don’t
a drive shaft. Ask in the
A: Does it good brakes?
garage. I think Boris one.
B: Yes, it very good brakes.

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Word List
NOUNS NOUN PHRASES
brake drive shaft
chassis exhaust pipe
footbrake fuel gauge
front fuel tank
handbrake instrument panel
pipeline VERBS
quantity measure
rear reduce
silencer

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1 Read the instruction manual. Write the letters (A–J) next to the names of the controls.
C A
A B B
D
I
J F
H G
The diagram shows the controls of a manual, right-hand drive car. On the left of the driver’s seat is
the gear lever (1) . There are five forward gears and a reverse gear. The car is always
started in ‘neutral’ with the handbrake on. The handbrake (parking brake) (2) is on the
floor to the left of the driver. On the floor, there are three foot-pedals: the left-hand pedal is the clutch
(3) , the centre pedal is the footbrake (4) , and the right-hand pedal is the
accelerator (5) .
On the left of the steering wheel (6) there is a lever (7) . This operates the
indicator lights and the headlight beam.
On the right of the steering wheel there is another lever (8) . This controls the front
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and rear windscreen wipers (9) and, the front and rear windscreenAutomotive
washers Industries
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(10) .
2 Write instructions for the controls in 1. Make full sentences from these notes. Use when and you,
and add the and punctuation.
1 push direction indicator up ◊ right-hand indicator lights flash
When you push the direction indicator up, the right-hand indicator lights flash .
2 push the direction indicator down ◊ left-hand indicator lights flash
.
3 pull left-hand lever towards you ◊ headlights flash once
.
4 push right-hand lever up into first position ◊ wipers operate at long or short intervals
.
5 push right-hand lever up into second position ◊ wipers operate at normal speed
.
6 push right-hand lever up into third position ◊ wipers operate very fast
.
7 pull right-hand lever towards steering wheel ◊ front windscreen washers work
.
8 push right-hand lever away from steering wheel ◊ rear windscreen washers work
.

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3 Match the operating instructions with the diagrams.
1 2 1 3 5
3 4
2 4 6 R
5 6 7 8
a) Pull the bonnet release handle. 3 e) Turn the key to the right.
b) Press the brake pedal. f) Push the gear lever to the left and up.
c) Slide the light switch to the left. g) Push the fuel tank release button.
d) Push the lever away from the steering wheel. h) Pull the main beam lever towards the steering
(main headlight beam) wheel. (dipped headlight beam)
4 Complete the instructions for checking and topping up the engine oil. Use some of the verbs J7260
more
than once. PEARSON Technical English
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add / check / pour / pull / push / put / screw / top up / unscrew / wipe
A Checking the oil level

The vehicle must be on a level surface when you (1) check the oil.
(2) the dipstick out and (3) it with a A
clean cloth. (4) the dipstick in. Then (5) B
the dipstick out again and (6) the oil level. If the oil level is
in area A, you can (7) more oil. If the oil level is in area B, you
must (8) the engine oil.
B Topping up the engine oil
(9) the oil filler cap. (10) in some oil. (11)
the oil level again, using the dipstick. (12) on the oil filler cap and (13) it
down. (14) down the oil dipstick fully.
5 Undeline the correct answers.

1 When the car is lifted up by the jack, you can/can’t drive it.
2 You can/can’t open the car door when the doors are unlocked.
3 When the car is in first gear, you can/can’t drive forwards.
4 When the car is in neutral, you can/can’t reverse.
5 When the steering wheel is locked, you can/can’t turn it.
6 You can/can’t see the dipstick when the bonnet is down.
7 When the filler cap is off, you can/can’t top up the engine oil.

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Word List
NOUNS NOUN PHRASES
accelerator filler cap
bonnet foot-pedal
clutch gear lever
dipstick headlight beam
handbrake indicator light
footbrake oil level
lever release button
VERBS steering wheel
control windscreen washer
flash windscreen wiper
operate ADJECTIVES
screw dipped
top up forward
unscrew level
wipe main
neutral
reverse

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1 Read the text and label the diagram with the words in bold.
The electrical system of a car

The battery stores electricity. When you turn the ignition key, electricity flows from the battery to the starter
motor. This turns the engine. The engine drives the alternator. This acts as a generator and produces electricity. It
also charges the battery. The alternator produces alternating current (AC). A rectifier pack changes AC to DC (direct
current). Diodes in the rectifier pack make sure that output from the alternator flows in one direction to the battery.
But current can’t flow from the battery to the alternator. Electrical current runs through the cables of the car’s
electrical circuit. The current leaves the battery through the positive terminal. It returns to the battery through the
negative terminal.
1 Flow
Cable
+ – 9
10
8 5 6
3
7
Flow
Frame
2 Which words in the text do these words refer to?

1 This (line 2 ) a) starter motor b) ignition key c) battery
2 This (line 2 ) a) engine b) generator c) alternator
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3 It (line 2 ) a) generator b) electricity c) alternator Automotive Industries
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4 It (line 6 ) a) battery b) current c) terminal
3 Read the text. Match the parts with their functions.
1 The battery a) carry electricity to different parts of the car.

2 The cables b) generates electricity for the car and charges the battery.
3 The engine c) changes AC to DC.
4 The alternator d) drives the wheels of the car and the alternator.
5 The diodes e) stores electricity for the car.
6 The rectifier pack f) allow electrical current to flow in one direction only.

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4 Complete the sentences with words from the box.

around / from / into / out of / through / to
1 Electricity flows the electrical cables.

2 Electricity flows the electrical circuit.
3 Electricity flows the alternator the battery.
4 Electricity flows the positive terminal of the battery the starter motor.
5 Match an If clause with a result clause.
30 40 50 60 30 40 50 60
50 70 20 50 40 70
20 40
60 80 60 80
10 20 10 20
70 90 70 90
0 0 0 0
OFF OFF
ON
ignition off ignition on
If clause Result clause

1 If the ignition is on, a) electricity does not flow from the battery to the starter motor.
2 If the lights switch is on, b) current flows from the battery to the lights.
3 If the ignition is off, c) electricity flows around the circuit.
Rewrite this sentence with the correct punctuation.

if the ignition is off the starter motor doesnt work ◊
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PEARSON English English
6 Complete the sentences. Use the present simple, with or without not. Automotive Industries
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1 If the battery is charged and the lights switch is on, current flows from the battery to the lights.
(current / flow / battery / lights)
2 If the battery is charged and the radio switch is off,
(current / flow / battery / radio)
3 If the battery is not charged,
(current / flow / starter motor / battery)
4 If the alternator is broken,
(current / flow / alternator / battery)
5 If no electricity flows from the alternator to the battery,
(battery / become flat)
6 If the battery is flat, no
(electricity / flow / battery / starter motor)
7 If the ignition is off,
(electricity / flow / around / electrical circuit)

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Word List
NOUNS NOUN PHRASES
alternator alternating current
battery direct current
cable electrical circuit
diode ignition key
generator rectifier pack
output starter motor
VERBS ADJECTIVES
charge negative
store positive
ADVERBS
off
on

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1 Match the pictures with the descriptions of the bodywork repairs.

1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
a) He’s cutting a body panel. g) He’s welding the panel to the body.
b) He’s painting the car with a paint-sprayer. h) He’s labelling the parts that he can reuse.
c) He’s assessing the damage. i) He’s masking the paintwork with masking tape.
d) He’s straightening the metal frame. j) He’s flattening the dents.
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e) He’s sanding the filler. k) He’s dismantling the frontPEARSON
of the car.
Technical English
f) He’s fitting the new parts to the car. l) He’s putting on body filler. aw_06_01
2 Write the –ing form (present continuous) of the verbs on the correct line.
assess / connect / cut / dismantle / fit / flatten / grip / hit / label /

measure / pull / push / put / raise / slide / straighten / use / wipe
1 Add –ing: assessing,

2 Double the last letter and add –ing: cutting,
3 Drop the –e and add –ing: dismantling,
3 Complete the text, using the verbs in the present continuous.

cut / do / paint / put / remove / replace / sand / use / weld
A lecturer is showing the students a DVD of

a body repair workshop.
The first repair job won’t take long. The mechanic is (1) doing a patch repair on the bonnet. He’s
(2) a small patch of filler onto the fibreglass bonnet. Now he’s (3) the patch
with a sanding block. Now he’s (4) the repaired bonnet with some paint. Job done! The
second job will take longer. Look at that damaged door frame. First, he’s (5) the corrosion.
He’s (6) a sanding disk. Now, he’s (7) out the corroded section with a power tool.
Finally, he’s (8) a new bar to the chassis, so the chassis will stay rigid. The third job has the most
damage, but will be the easiest. Look at the nearside rear panel. Watch. He’s (9) the damaged
panel with a new one.

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4 Read the texts and complete the table below.

1 Seat covers in luxury cars are made from leather. It is made from animal skins and is strong and
flexible. It doesn’t melt, but it can burn.
2 The instrument panel is placed in front of the driver’s seat. Holes are cut in the panel, and the
instruments are placed behind the holes. Some luxury cars have wooden instrument panels. These
are very expensive. The material is hard, but not flexible. You can cut it, but you can’t bend it or stretch
it. It doesn’t melt, but it burns.
3 The cheapest car in the world today has a light but strong two-cylinder petrol engine, with a capacity
of 623 cc. The engine is made of aluminium. It is placed at the rear and drives the two rear wheels.
4 Heavy goods vehicles have special, heavy tyres. The rubber composite makes the tyre tough but
flexible. The steel cords in the tyre walls make the tyres very strong, but heavy.
5 Cars have one or two silencers. Modern cars have steel silencers. These are coated with aluminium
and are strong, rigid and corrosion-resistant.
6 Most wheels are made of steel but the wheels of more expensive cars are made from a light but
strong alloy. This is more expensive than steel, but it looks better.
7 Most fuel tanks are made of steel, but the tanks of some small cars are made of plastic. Both plastic
and steel tanks are rigid, hard and water-resistant. Some of the plastic tanks have heat–resistant steel
plates fixed to them.
Part Material Properties

1 seat cover leather, strong,
4 1) rubber composite 1) tough, flexible

2) 2)
5
6 1) steel 1) no information given

2) 2)
7 1) 1)
2) 2)
5 Make dialogues about the parts of a vehicle.

1 instrument panel / plastic / cheap and light A: What’s / What are the … made of?
2 headlights and sidelights / chrome / corrosion-resistant B: It’s/They’re made of …
3 seat covers / nylon and polyester / strong and cheap A: Why do they/you use …?
4 bonnet and boot / steel / tough and rigid B: Because it’s …
5 seat belts / nylon / strong and flexible
6 body shell / steel / rigid and hard

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Word List
NOUNS dismantle
alloy flatten
aluminium grip
corrosion label
dent mask
fibreglass melt
leather sand
panel slide
plastic straighten
steel stretch
NOUN PHRASES weld
body filler ADJECTIVES
masking tape corroded
patch repair corrosion-resistant
rubber composite flexible
sanding block heat-resistant
sanding disk luxury
steel cord nearside
VERBS rigid
assess tough
bend water-resistant
burn wooden
coat

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1 Complete the specification, using the information in the diagram.
Specification
Length:
Width:
Height:
Height: 1.9 m
Wheelbase (length): Engine
capacity:
Clearance (height): 2720 cc
Fuel tank capacity:

Engine capacity:
Fuel tank
Weight: capacity: 82 l
Max. wading
Max wading depth 1: depth: 0.6 m
m
2.9
g th)
len
(1) The maximum depth of water which e(
lb as m
ee .8
the vehicle can drive through.
Wh th :4
ng
Clearance Le
(height) 0.41 m
Wi
dth
:2
.0
m
Weight: 2494 kg
2 Write questions and answers about the vehicle in 1.

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1 A: (wide) How wide is the vehicle? 6 A: (heavy) Technical English Website – Automotive
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B: It’s 2 metres wide. B:
2 A: (long) 7 A: What’s the capacity of the fuel tank?
B: B:
3 A: (high) 8 A: What’s the capacity of the engine?
B: B:
4 A: (long/wheelbase) 9 A: Can it drive through water?
B: B: (up to 0.6metres deep)
5 A: (high/clearance)
B:
3 Complete the dialogue with words from the box and information from the table. Use some words
more than once.
any / how / how Item Quantity Kind, size or colour

/ many / much /
some / grease 5 large tins general purpose grease
What kind side light bulbs 20 packets screw-in
What size
antifreeze 80 litres 1-litre bottles
wiper blades 10 packets rear windscreen
distilled water 40 litres 2-litre bottles
glue 15 tubes superglue

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A: Do you have (1) any anti-freeze? A: Yes. Do you have (10) superglue?
B: Certainly. (2) How much do you need? B: Of course. How (11) do you need?
A: I need (3) 80 1-litre bottles, please. And I A: (12) , please. And I need
need some wiper blades. (13) light bulbs.
B: OK. (4) do you need, and B: (14) of light bulbs, and (15)
(5) ? of fitting?
A: I need (6) of rear windscreen A: Side light bulbs with a screw-in fitting. I’ll take
wiper blades. (16) .
B: Anything else? B: Anything else?
A: Yes, I need (7) distilled water. A: Yes. Do you have (17) grease?
B: (8) do you need? It comes in B: Yes. (18) ? General purpose grease?
2-litre bottles.
A: Yes, that will be fine.
A: I’ll take (9) , please.
B: We have large and small tins. (19) ?
B: Anything else?
A: I’ll take (20) , please. And that’s the lot.
4 Read the information about a new car factory. Use the words in the box. Add any other words.
Then write the questions.
How / How heavy / How large / How many / How much / How often / What / When
1 How much will the new factory cost ?

The new factory will cost over $2 billion.
2 of the factory be?
The roof of the factory will be over 42,000 square metres in area.
3 be?
The factory roof will weigh under 75 kg per square metre.
4 the air in the factory?
A large tank of water will cool the air in the factory by day and warm it by night.
5 all the air inside the factory?
The AC system will replace all the air every 30 minutes.
6 ?
There will be 10 huge skylights and 36 smaller ones in the roof of the factory.
7 ?
The new factory will be ready at the end of the year.
8 ?
The public will be able to visit the factory around March next year.
9 all the year round?
No. It will be closed at weekends and also in August for the annual factory shutdown.

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Word List
NOUNS NOUN PHRASES
AC (air conditioning) distilled water
antifreeze side light bulb
capacity wading depth
clearance wiper blade
glue ADJECTIVE
grease screw-in
height
length
packet
shutdown
skylight
superglue
tin
tube
weight
wheelbase
width

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1 Complete the report with the verbs in brackets. Use the past simple tense.
Vehicle Incident Report

Client: Mr R Parker Date: 10 June 2008
Insurance Policy Number: BM/724507 Vehicle: Naxos 304, RA39HDN
The incident (1) happened (happen) on June 7th. In the morning, I (2) (leave)
my car in the street near the station. When I (3) (return) in the evening, the car
wasn’t there. The police (4) (find) my car the next day. They think that the car thief
(5) (smash) the front nearside window, then (6) (drive) the car away.
On the corner of a road, he (7) (have) an accident. The car (8) (come)
off the road, (9) (run) down a hill and (10) (crash) into a tree. The
car (11) (land) on its roof. Later a garage truck (12) (remove) the
vehicle. They (13) (lift) it up and (14) (put) it on a trailer. Then they
(15) (take) it to the garage.
The thief also (16) (steal) the in-car multimedia system (MP3/Radio/CD player).
He also (17) (take) my sports bag that was in the boot of the car.
2 Study the pictures. Read the damage report for the vehicle in 1 and underline the correct words.
smashed dented worn nearside offside
1 Front nearside window chipped/smashed. 6 Nearside panel cracked/scratched.

2 Bonnet of the car badly dented/worn. 7 Driver’s seat cover bent/torn.
3 Windscreen torn/cracked. 8 Roof crashed/dented and scratched/smashed.
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4 Boot lock crashed/broken. 9 Front nearside and offside lights
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5 Offside wing mirror torn/lifted off. 10 Car radio antenna burnt/bent.
3 Read the garage invoice for repairs to the car in 2. What has the garage done? What will the garage
do next time? Write sentences using the words in brackets.
PATON WOOD GARAGE Swindon SN3 4BJ
Customer: Mr R Parker Vehicle: Naxos 304, RA39HDN
WORK DONE: 8 JULY 08 FURTHER WORK NEEDED

1 Fit 2 new side lights, 2 new headlights 7 Replace in-car multimedia system.
and 1 new wing mirror. 8 Fit new seat cover to match.
2 Replace front nearside window and windscreen. 9 Repair roof.
3 Fit new boot lock and radio antenna. 10 Replace 2 worn rear tyres after 1,000 km.
4 Repair nearside panel.
5 Service brakes.
6 Road-test car.

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1 (fit) They have fitted two new side lights, two new headlights and one wing mirror.
2 (replace)
3 (fit)
4 (repair)
5 (service)
6 (road-test)
7 (replace) They will
8 (fit)
9 (repair)
10 (replace)
4 Complete the text with words from the box.

became / between / came / closed / dried / every / fell / had / in / in / more /
more than / produced / repeated / sold / started with
(1) In 1914, Henry Ford (2) the first assembly line for car manufacture. A new Model T Ford
(3) off the assembly line (4) 15 minutes. Each worker (5) the same
job on the assembly line again and again. Factory work (6) safer and the number of injuries
(7) . The slowest section of the assembly line was the paint shop. Paint (8)
slowly, and only black paint dried fast enough. So, Ford (9) only black cars
(10) 1914 and 1926. (11) 1914, an assembly line worker could buy a Model T
Ford (12) four months’ pay.
The assembly line method of production changed everything. Other companies (13) more
workers and (14) fewer cars. Between 1914 and 1930, 250 car manufacturers
(15) . Today the automotive industry is a worldwide industry. In 2006, (16) than
69 million vehicles were produced. 11.5 million vehicles were made in Japan, 11.3 million in the USA,
and (17) 7 million in China.
5 Write short answers to the questions.

1 When did Ford start its first production line?
2 How many cars did Ford make in an hour?
3 Did a worker at Ford do the same job or different jobs?
4 Why did Ford only produce black cars?
5 Were there more car manufacturers in 1914 or in 1930?
6 Which country produced more cars in 2006, the USA or Japan?

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Word List
NOUNS NOUN PHRASES
accident assembly line
antenna incident report
injury multimedia system
insurance policy number
panel radio antenna
thief seat cover
trailer side light
VERBS wing mirror
crash PAST PARTICIPLES AS ADJECTIVES
dry bent
land broken
remove burnt
repeat chipped
sell cracked
ADJECTIVES crashed
automotive dented
nearside scratched
offside smashed
worldwide torn
torn off
worn

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1 Label the diagram with words from the text.

1 3 7
fuel
5
air
fuel injector
2 4 6
The fuel supply system

A fuel supply system has a fuel tank, a fuel pipeline and a pump. Fuel moves along the pipeline to the carburettor
J7268
or the fuel injector. These supply the engine’s
Technical cylinders
English Website –with a mixture of fuel and air. The diagram shows one
Automotive
aw_09_01
possible layout of a fuel supply system.
The metal or plastic fuel tank is at the rear of the vehicle. It is filled through a fuel supply pipe, closed by a filler
cap. A filter around the outlet pipe from the tank removes dirt and water from the fuel. Fuel passes through a
metal or plastic pipeline to the front of the vehicle. This pipeline is fixed with clamps to the chassis.
When the engine is running, it moves on flexible mountings. Therefore it must have a flexible fuel pipe. The fixed
pipeline is connected to a flexible pipe, made of plastic, which carries fuel to the pump. Both the pump and the
carburettor are fixed to the engine. The engine drives the pump, which pumps fuel into the carburettor.
2 Match the words with the functions to make sentences.
1 The fuel tank a) connects the fuel tank with the flexible pipe.
2 The fuel pipeline b) sprays fuel into the airstream above the inlet port.
3 The filter c) holds the fuel (petrol or diesel).
4 The pump d) connects the fixed pipeline with the pump.
5 The carburettor e) pushes fuel along a pipe to the carburettor.
6 The fuel injector f) closes the end of the filler pipe above the fuel tank.
7 The filler cap g) mixes petrol with air for the engine.
8 The flexible pipe h) traps dirt and water.
3 Make sentences with the words.

1 fuel pipeline / suspend / chassis The fuel pipeline is suspended from the chassis.
2 carburettor / mount / engine
3 filler cap / screw / into / end of / filler pipe
4 fuel pump / mount / engine
5 filter / fit / around / outlet pipe / from / fuel tank
6 fuel tank / bolt / body
7 flexible pipe / attach / fuel pipeline
8 fuel injector / fix / engine

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4 Match the sentence halves.

1 If the fuel reserve light comes on, a) do not start the engine.
2 If a warning signal sounds, b) fill up with petrol at once.
3 If you put the wrong fuel in your fuel tank, c) replace the indicator light bulb.
4 If the indicator flashes extra fast, d) stop the car and switch off the engine.
Punctuate these sentences.

1 if you cant turn on the ignition move the steering wheel from side to side
2 if a buzzer sounds when you open the drivers door turn off the lights and indicator
5 Complete the short answers. Then make sentences from the dialogues using if.
1 Does the engine start? 3 Is the battery more than five 5 Is the distributor cap split?
No, it doesn’t. years old? Yes, .
OK. Check the starter motor. Yes, . OK. Replace it immediately.
OK. Replace it.
2 Does the engine start? 4 Do the lights work? 6 Is the clutch cable worn?
No, . No, . Yes, .
OK. Turn off the ignition and OK. Check the battery. OK. Replace it at once.
try again.
1 If the engine doesn’t start, check the starter motor .

2 .
3 .
4 .
5 .
6 .
6 Use words from the box to complete the troubleshooting guide.

ask / charge / check / check / connected / protected / refill / remove / replace / stop
How to avoid common breakdowns

Check that the battery terminals are clean and (1) protected with a layer of grease. Check that the battery clamps
are firmly (2) . If you don’t make regular long journeys, (3) your battery overnight.
If a tyre looks damaged, (4) a tyre dealer for advice. If the spare tyre looks, flat, (5)
the pressure.
If the fuel tank warning signal comes on, (6) the tank with fuel at once.
If the engine overheats while you are driving, (7) at once and check the radiator fan belt.
Water or dirt inside the distributor cap can cause problems. If the engine runs unevenly, (8) any water
or oil from inside the distributor cap. If the headlights don’t shine brightly, (9) the alternator. Ask your
garage to check the HT (high-tension) leads. If they look worn, (10) them.

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Word List
NOUNS NOUN PHRASES
buzzer distributor cap
carburettor filler cap
clamp fuel injector
filter high tension lead
grease outlet pipe
indicator warning signal
mounting ADJECTIVES
pump flexible
VERBS ADVERBS
bolt overnight
charge unevenly
flash
overheat
protect
refill
sound
suspend

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1 Study the vocabulary. Then use the words in the box to complete the safety instructions. Use some
of the words more than once.
lift truck scissor table engine hoist cylinder trolley
always / don’t / must / mustn’t / never

J7268
Technical English Website – Automotive
1 Don’t smoke in the garage. aw_10_01
2 wear safety goggles when you use the sander.

3 lift heavy weights alone by hand. Use a lift truck in the workshop.
4 wear trainers when you are working in the workshop. wear safety boots.
5 You use a cylinder trolley when you move full or empty gas cylinders.
6 leave fuel containers in the workshop. put them in a locked storeroom.
7 You use a welder without safety gloves and eye protection.
8 work on a fuel tank which has fuel in it.
9 You lower a gearbox from inside a car without a scissor table.
10 use an engine hoist when you remove an engine.
2 Make sentences from the table.
It might get your eyes.

There might burn an electric shock.
You could damage yourself.
You might be fuel inside the tank.
You could very hot.
Example: Be careful! It might be very hot.
3 Complete each sentence with a pair of verbs.
lift–injure / reverse–hit / use–start / carry–drop / allow–injure /

service–trap / run–slip / leave–roll / walk–fall / climb–fall
1 Don’t run inside the workshop; you might slip on an oily patch on the floor.
2 Don’t petrol to burn rubbish or waste; you could a big fire.
3 Don’t a car unbraked and in gear; it could backwards and injure somebody.
4 Don’t a customer into the workshop; they might themselves.

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5 Don’t inside the workshop; you might somebody or something.

6 Don’t a ladder which is unsecured; you could and hurt yourself.
7 Don’t a car engine in poor light; you might your hand.
8 Don’t objects from raised storage areas down a ladder; you could them.
9 Don’t heavy objects without a hoist; you might your back.
10 Don’t under the raised forks of a fork-lift truck; an object could off and hit you.
4 Complete the safety report with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
On April 5th, I inspected the factory of Sure-Grip Tyres and I (1) found (find) many safety hazards.
There (2) (be) oil and grease on the floor in Workshop A. The floor (3) (be)
wet, but nobody (4) (put) up a barrier or warning sign. In many parts of the factory, there
(5) (be) rubbish in the gangways. Rubbish and waste (6) (be) not in the
correct containers. Some of the work areas and gangways (7) (be) not well lit. There
(8) (be) many loose cables on the ground. Some of these (9) (cross) gangways
and (10) (have) no cable covers.
A supervisor (11) (tell) me about an accident last month. A new driver (12)
(drive) a fork-lift truck out of Workshop D. The exit from the workshop (13) (be) not level
but (14) (be) on a slope. There (15) (be) no warning signs or floor markers for
drivers of fork-lift trucks. The driver (16) (drive) down the slope and part of the load
(17) (fall) off the fork-lift truck. There (18) (be) a lot of steam in the area. A
person with a lift truck (19) (not see) the load on the ground, (20) (go) into it
and (21) (hurt) his leg and his back. Luckily, the person with the lift truck (22)
(not be) badly injured and he is now back at work.
5 Ask the questions for these answers about the accident in 4.

1 It took place at the Sure-Grip Tyres factory. (Where / accident)
Where did the accident take place?
2 It happened last month. (When / happen)
3 Because the exit from Workshop D was on a slope. (Why / accident / happen)
4 No, there weren’t any. (warning notices / floor markers)
5 Part of the load fell off the fork-lift truck. (What / fall / fork-lift truck)
6 A person with a lift truck walked into the load on the ground. (Who / walk / load)
7 Because there was a lot of steam in the area. (Why / not see / load)
8 He injured his leg and his back. (What / injure)

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Word List
NOUNS NOUN PHRASES
barrier cable cover
gearbox cylinder trolley
grease electric shock
patch engine hoist
protection floor marker
sander lift truck
slope safety goggles
steam scissor table
storeroom warning sign
VERBS ADJECTIVES
injure level
reverse oily
slip unbraked
trap unsecured
ADVERBS
in gear

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1 Match the diagrams with the captions.

A B C
fuel
ECU (1)
injector fuel
air ECU (1)
fuel
air air
(1) ECU = electronic control unit
1 In single-point injection, one injector is used for all the cylinders. It provides a fine spray of petrol,
which is mixed with air. J7268
2 In multi-point injection, one injector is used for each cylinder. Petrol flows along the ‘fuel rail’aw_11_01
and is
then mixed with air for each cylinder.
3 In indirect fuel injection, petrol passes through an injector and comes out as a fine spray. This is mixed
with the air as it enters the cylinder. The injector is controlled by the electronic control unit.
2 Label the diagram with the

words in bold.
fuel fuel
out in
8
9
1 10
5 6
Fuel is pumped out of the fuel tank at the rear of the car. The fuel pump makes the fuel flow through the fuel filter
and along the fuel pipeline towards the engine and the injectors. The fuel filter prevents dirt and water from passing
through it and into the engine. Two valves are fitted to the fuel pump. The pressure relief valve limits the maximum
pressure. The other one, the non-return valve at the outlet of the pump, stops the fuel from flowing back through it.
The pressure in the fuel delivery system keeps the fuel rail above the injectors full. It also makes the fuel come out
through the injectors as a fine spray. More fuel is delivered to the fuel rail than is needed. The pressure allows the
extra fuel to return through the pressure regulator to the fuel tank via the return fuel pipeline. The regulator
controls the operating pressure of the system. It also stops air locks from forming in the pipes.
The fuel pump is electrical. If the car is in an accident, the pump switches itself off. This prevents fuel from flowing
around the fuel supply system and possibly out of broken fuel pipes.
Technical English Websit

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3 What do these words in italics in 2 refer to? Choose the correct answer.
1 it (line 3) a) fuel b) fuel filter c) fuel pump
2 one (line 4) a) engine b) pressure c) valve
3 it (line 5) a) fuel b) pump c) non-return valve
4 it (line 6) a) fuel rail b) fuel delivery system c) pressure
5 it (line 9) a) system b) return fuel pipeline c) pressure regulator
4 Study the language table. Then read the text and delete the wrong words.
The engine causes the petrol pump to work.

makes the petrol pump work.
The intake valve lets the mixture enter the cylinder.
allows the mixture to enter the cylinder.
The filter prevents / stops dirt from entering the carburettor.
A simple carburettor
The carburettor mixes petrol and air for the engine. The fuel pump makes the petrol (1 flow / to flow) along the
fuel line to the carburettor. The fuel enters the float chamber through the fuel inlet, and then rises in both the
float chamber and the fuel discharge nozzle. As the fuel rises, this makes the float in the float chamber (2 rise /
to rise). This causes the needle valve at the top of the float (3 close / to close). As the needle valve rises, it stops
more fuel (4 to enter / from entering) the float chamber. This allows the level of fuel (5 remain / to remain) just
below the top of the discharge nozzle.
When the engine is running, this causes air (6 enter / to enter) the mixing chamber. The throttle valve allows
more or less air (7 enter / to enter) the mixing chamber. If the airflow increases, this lets more fuel (8 enter / to
enter) the mixing chamber through the jet. This causes the engine (9 turn / to turn) faster.
The jet allows the right amount of fuel (10 flow / to flow) to the discharge nozzle. The rush of air causes the fuel
(11 change / to change) into a fine spray as it leaves the discharge nozzle. Finally, the mixture of air and fuel is
carried into the cylinders of the engine.
5 Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the verbs from the box with or without not. Use
some of the words more than once
allow / cause / let / make / prevent
Starting the engine

1 The fuel-rich mixture allows the engine to start more easily when cold. 2 The choke flap
too much air from entering the carburettor. 3 Later, the choke flap more air mix with the fuel.
Idling
4 At slow speeds (idling), the throttle valve much air flow through the venturi.
Driving at medium speed (cruising)
5 The throttle valve air to flow through the venturi. 6 If you open the throttle valve more, this
the air flow to speed up.
Accelerating
7 The accelerator pump extra fuel flow into the air stream above the venturi.

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Word List
NOUNS electronic
control unit
airflow
float chamber
carburettor
fuel delivery
cylinder system
filter fuel discharge

nozzle
float
fuel inlet
injector
fuel rail
jet
mixing chamber
outlet
multi-point
pipeline injection
pressure needle valve
rush non-return valve
spray pressure regulator
valve pressure relief valve
venturi return fuel pipeline
VERBS single-point
injection
deliver
throttle valve
idle
ADJECTIVES
NOUN PHRASES
indirect
air lock
air stream
choke flap

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1 Read the text and complete the specification chart.
Mining Trucks
A mining truck is a very large vehicle that carries earth and rocks around mines. It doesn’t travel on public roads.
The truck has a powerful engine at the front, with a driver’s cab mounted above it. The body rests on the chassis,
which is supported by two axles. The body is raised to empty its load of rocks.
The largest mining truck in the world has a height of 6,494 mm, a width of 7,680 mm and a length of 12,862 mm. The
wheelbase is 5,905 mm. Unloaded, the truck weighs about 116,707 kg. It can carry a load of up to 218 tonnes.
The truck has six wheels and a top speed when loaded of 54.3 kph. The maximum engine speed is approximately
1,750 rpm. The mining truck is high enough to move over rough ground without difficulty. It has a ground
clearance of 1,005 mm. The standard fuel tank holds 4,354 litres. If the customer wishes, a bigger one can be
fitted, holding 4,922 litres.
Number of wheels 6 Length

Fuel tank capacity or Width
Max. engine speed Height
Max. speed (loaded) Ground clearance
Number of axles Wheelbase
Weight (empty) Max. load
2 Use the phrases in the language table and the information in brackets to complete the sentences.
~ about, approximately > more than, over ≤ up to

< less than, under ≥ at least
1 The mining truck has a height of about 6.5 metres and a length of more than 12.8 metres.
(height ~ 6.5 m; length > 12.8 m)
2 The truck .
(weight > 116 tonnes)
3 It can carry .
(load ≤ 218 tonnes )
4 The largest fuel tank .
(capacity ≥ 4,900 litres)
5 When empty, .
(front axle / carry / ~ 46% of the weight; rear axle / carry / ~ 54% of the weight)
6 When loaded, .
(front axle / carry / ~ 33% of the weight; rear axle / carry / ~ 67% of the weight)

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3 Match the parts of the car with words from the box.
body / chassis / disk brakes / drive shafts (transmission) / drum brakes / battery /
engine / exhaust / fuel tank / silencer / steering wheel / suspension
1 11
10 body
2
9
12
6 8
4 Read the garage job sheet and the example answers. Then complete the dialogue between the
garage supervisor (S) and the mechanic (M).
1 Disconnect old radiator ✓ [FINISHED] ✓ [FINISHED]

2 Connect new radiator ✗ [THIS AFTERNOON] I’ve replaced the front tyres.
3 Lubricate drive shafts and axles ✓ [FINISHED] ✗ [IN PROGRESS] J7268
4 Disconnect and dismantle fuel pump ✓ [FINISHED] I haven’t repaired the brakes. I’m doingaw_12_01
that now.
5 Repair fuel pump ✗ [IN PROGRESS] ✗ [TOMORROW]
6 Inspect alternator ✗ [TOMORROW MORNING], I haven’t changed the oil yet. I’ll do that tomorrow.
7 Take off door panel ✓ [FINISHED]
8 Remove dents in door panel ✗ [TOMORROW AFTERNOON]
S: Have you (1) disconnected the old radiator? S: Have you (7) the fuel pump?
M: Yes, (2) I have. M: No, (8) . (9) now.
S: Have you (3) connected the new radiator yet? S: (10) the alternator?
M: No, (4) I haven’t. I’ll do that this afternoon. M: (11) yet. (12)
tomorrow morning.
S: Have you (5) the drive shafts and
axles? S: Have you (13) the door panel?
M: Yes, I have. M: (14) .
S: Have you (6) and the S: Have you (15) in the door panel?
fuel pump?
M: No, (16) yet. (17)
M: Yes, I have. tomorrow afternoon.

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Word List
NOUNS NOUN PHRASES
cab disk brake
capacity drum brake
earth ground clearance
load mining truck
mine ADJECTIVES
rock loaded
suspension powerful
wheelbase rough
VERBS standard
connect unloaded
disconnect ADVERBS
inspect approximately
lubricate
remove

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www.frenglish.

Automotive Industries Unit 1

1 Label the tools with words from the box.

2 Label the garage equipment with words from the box.

3 Complete the sentences with words from 1 and 2.

© Pearson Longman 2008 www.pearsonlongman.com/technicalenglish

Automotive Industries Unit 1

World truck production

© Pearson Longman 2008 www.pearsonlongman.com/technicalenglish

Automotive Industries Unit 1

NOUNS NOUN PHRASES

airline 4-post lift

Celsius cubic centimetre

centimetre grease gun

compressor horse power

pliers tyre changer

screwdriver tyre lever

spanner wheel balancer

© Pearson Longman 2008 www.pearsonlongman.com/technicalenglish

Automotive Industries Unit 2

1 Label these vehicle parts with words from the box.

Saloon Coupé Convertible Estate car

Hatchback Limousine People Carrier Four-wheel Drive

2 Match the words.

British English American English

a) A four-wheel drive is a good vehicle for off-road use.

4 Complete these dialogues.

1 A: What’s this vehicle called in English? 3 A: What these called?

© Pearson Longman 2008 www.pearsonlongman.com/technicalenglish

Automotive Industries Unit 2

5 Study the diagram of wheels and tyres.

6 Match the first, middle and final parts of each sentence.

airline axle compressor dust cap hub cap jack

© Pearson Longman 2008 www.pearsonlongman.com/technicalenglish

Automotive Industries Unit 2

NOUNS NOUN PHRASES

axle dust cap

body estate car

© Pearson Longman 2008 www.pearsonlongman.com/technicalenglish

Automotive Industries Unit 3

2 Match the parts with their functions.

3 Write questions about the parts in 1 and 2.

© Pearson Longman 2008 www.pearsonlongman.com/technicalenglish

Automotive Industries Unit 3

4 Complete the descriptions of the four vehicles.

1 The engine is at the front and drives the rear wheels.

2 The pipeline for the fuel is above/below the floor.

1 A: the car need a new silencer? 2 A: you have a drive shaft?

© Pearson Longman 2008 www.pearsonlongman.com/technicalenglish

Automotive Industries Unit 3

NOUNS NOUN PHRASES

brake drive shaft

chassis exhaust pipe

footbrake fuel gauge

front fuel tank

handbrake instrument panel

© Pearson Longman 2008 www.pearsonlongman.com/technicalenglish

Automotive Industries Unit 4

© Pearson Longman 2008 www.pearsonlongman.com/technicalenglish

Automotive Industries Unit 4

3 Match the operating instructions with the diagrams.

A Checking the oil level

5 Undeline the correct answers.