UNIT 15.

ACTIVITIES
All in a Day’s Work: A Change is as Good as a Rest!

Grammar

15.1. Used to / Past Simple

Choose the correct form of used to / past simple of the verbs in italics. Sometimes both forms are
correct.
1. Marta lost / used to lose her first job as a waitress because she dropped / used to drop an expensive
bottle of wine.
2. Allie worked /used to work at a call centre before she found / used to find a job as a Marketing
Assistant.
3. When Jake was / used to be a child, he played / used to play football for the school team.
4. Gustavo didn’t like / didn’t use to like flying, but now he does.
5. Did Caroline eat / Did Caroline use to eat so much meat?
6. Oliver won / used to win a cooking competition on TV.

15.2. Past Perfect

A. Put the words in the right order.
1. Biology /I / I / failed / test / revision / hadn’t / because/ done / any / the.
2. Josef / already /the / his / By / friends / had / time / arrived / left.
3. unemployed / a / Charlie/ been /long /when /he / job /as / sales / hadn’t /rep /a /found.
4. dirty / cleaned / His / was / because / hadn’t / it / for / flat / weeks /he.
5. got / to / had / the / taken / boarding / she / the / gate / plane / already / off / When.
6. didn’t /The /bonus /salesman / get /his /because /he /reached /a /target /hadn’t.

B. Write complete sentences from the prompts. Use past simple and past perfect.
1. The film / start / we / turn on TV.
2. He / run / onto / platform / but / train / leave
3. When / she / get / to / restaurant / her family / finish / eating
4. The speaker / arrive / late / conference / because / car / break down
5. The factory / burn down / because / they / forget / turn off / machines
6. When / she /get to /interview / she /realise/ she /forget / bring /CV.

15.3. Third Conditional

Complete the sentences with the right form of the verbs in brackets.

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1. If I _______ (know) it was going to rain, I _______ (bring) an umbrella.
2. He _______ (not get) lost if he _______ (have) a GPS.
3. If we _______ (see) the weather forecast, we _______ (not go) to the mountains.
4. She _______ (keep) her job if she _______ (not make) so many mistakes.
5. If my parents _______ (not tell) me to study hard, I _______ (not become) an engineer.
6. If I _______ (not fly), it _______ (take) me much longer.

Vocabulary

15.4. Presentations
Replace the underlined words with words from below
maintain eye contact with technical terms aloud body language Summarize audience
Conclude visual aids

1. It’s essential that you think about the people who are listening to you.
2. Only use pictures and photos if they are essential.
3. Explain any specific words and expressions that people may not know.
4. Smile and look directly at your listeners.
5. Be careful with your movements and gestures; don’t move too little, or too much.
6. Don’t read your presentation in a voice that other people can hear.
7. Give a short and clear account of the main points at the end of your presentation.
8. End your presentation by asking if anyone has any questions.

15.5. Vocabulary in Context

Write the correct words for the definitions; the first letter of the word and the number of letters are
given.

1. This word is a synonym of employ: h - - -.

2. This word refers to how well, or how badly, you do your job: p - - - - - - - - - -.
3. This word refers to the latest information about something: u - - - - -.
4. This word is a synonym of an objective, aim or use: p - - - - - -.
5. This expression can be used finish a meeting: c - - - it a d - -.
6. This is a situation where a mistake has been made; it usually involves duplication, or one thing
being done instead of another: m - - u -.
7. This happens when something is checked for a second time by a different person: c - - - - - - - - .
8. This verb means to convince or influence someone to do something: p - - - - - - -.

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9. This noun refers to the action of making things better: i - - - - - - - - - -.
10. Person who is employed to give advice on a subject he knows a lot about: c - - - - - - - - -.

15.6. Phrasal Verbs

A. Match the phrasal verbs (1 – 6) to the endings (a – f).
1. take up a. an appointment
2. deal with b. an old friend
3. bump into c. some business
4. put off d. the advantages
5. point out e. a dissatisfied customer
6. drum up f. photography

B. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrasal verbs from A.
1. She _______ her dental appointment because her son was ill.
2. During the presentation, the manager _______ the special features of the new product.
3. The politician travelled all over the country to _______ support for his campaign.
4. We were really surprised when we _______ each other at the airport.
5. What’s the best way of _______ complaints?
6. After his retirement, my uncle _______ golf.

Writing

15.7
A. Staff Notices; Common Abbreviations
1. Read the notices that appeared on the MN Global Access Ltd. Intranet and match the
abbreviations in bold to the meanings (1-12) below.

Wanted
Private Math and Science teacher for two children aged 8 and 10. Preferably 3 hours p/w, Tues/
Thurs. Start ASAP.
Email s.drummonda@mnga.com

House Cleaning and Ironing Services Offered

Experienced cleaner w. excellent references.
£10 p/h; minimum 3 hours p/w.
Tel. no. 532 9009711 (eves only).

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Flat to Rent
On Sunset Ave.
Available from 1st Apr.
£1,550 p/m; bills incl.
n/s only.
Email t.jones@mnga.com

____ 1. per hour ____7. per month

____ 2. non-smokers ____8. Tuesday
____ 3. as soon as possible ____9. evenings
____ 4. including ____10. Thursday
____ 5. per week ____11. Avenue
____ 6. telephone number ____12. April

2. Match these other common abbreviations to the meanings (1 - 10) below.

St vgc e.g. Rd ID ono wt Sq mph pls

____1. for example ____6. identification

____2. Road ____7. please
____3. or nearest offer ____8. weight
____4. very good condition ____9. miles per hour
____5. Square ____10. Street

3. Write short Intranet notices for situations (a-c). Use abbreviations where possible.
a. Donald wants to rent a room in a shared flat on Richmond Square. The rent is £175 per week, but
the price includes bills. He doesn’t want anybody who smokes. You can call him in the evening on
533 8987664 or email him at d.simmons@mnga.com.

b. William wants to sell his scooter; it’s six months old and has hardly been used. The colour is blue
and the make is Vespa. It can go up to eighty miles per hour. He would like to get around €900 for it.
The buyer can pick it up from his home on Church Avenue after calling 532 0070503 and making an
appointment.

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c. Lucía lost her handbag when visiting the Barcelona office last Friday. It’s black and white leather
and it has her diary, wallet and identification card in it. If you found the handbag you are urgently
requested to contact her on 532 4522003 or email her at l.p.perez@mnga.com.

B. Reports
Complete the report with the words below.
by slightly events further through recent effective conducted shows commercials
currently maintaining trade estimate improving about in on
Report on the efficiency of MN Global Access Ltd. advertising and marketing methods
Introduction
The aim of this report is to compare and assess the efficiency of the marketing and advertising
methods ______ used ______ MN Global Access Ltd.
Company Website
We spend 20% of our marketing and advertising budget ______ strategic online marketing. Research
______ that over 45% of our customers first find out about us ______ the company website.

Magazine advertisements
These take up another 20% of the budget. We ______ that 25% of our customers read ______ our
services in specialist magazines. This makes advertising an expensive, but ______ marketing tool.
Conferences and Trade Fairs
A ______ 20% is spent on conferences and ______ fairs. These ______ do not bring in many new
customers – only 10% - but can be a valuable tool for ______ the existing customer base.
Television
In ______ years, we have spent 30% of our budget on TV ______, from which we have received 15% of
our new customers.
Facebook, Twitter and other Social Media
As an experiment, we invested 10% ______ Social Media last year. This way we obtained 5% of our
new customers.
Conclusion and Recommendations
We recommend increasing the amount of money spent on strategic online marketing, on ______ the
company website, as well as on expanding our presence in social media, as more and more business
is ______ online every day.

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To pay for this increase, we suggest that the budget for television commercials and trade fairs
should be reduced ______.
Lastly, we recommend maintaining the budget for magazine advertisements.

Translation

15.8. English into Spanish

A. Translate the words into Spanish.
1. appointment (n) 5. handout (n)
2. encouraging (adj) 6. catch up with (v)
3. slide (n) 7. shipment (n)
4. stand out (v) 8. performance (n)

B. Translate the sentences into Spanish.

1. I usually get up early when I have to study.
2. Our regional consultants have been drumming up business in Latin America.
3. Before I lived in Spain I had never eaten paella.
4. If I had known about the strike, I would have gone by car.
5. Customers should have the opportunity to give feedback.
6. He used to have a beard and wear glasses.

15.9. Spanish into English

A. Translate the words into English.
1. redes sociales (n) 5. desempleado (adj)
2. pauta o norma (n) 6. averiarse (v) (una máquina)
3. gesto (n) 7. estresante (adj)
4. distraído (adj) 8. resumen (n)

B. Translate the third conditional sentences into English.

1. Si no hubiera suspendido el examen, podría haber estudiado medicina.
2. Si me hubieran prestado el dinero, no habría perdido la casa.
3. La empresa habría quebrado si no hubieran desarrollado un nuevo producto.
4. No habríamos invitado a Samanta, si hubiéramos sabido que no te gusta.
5. Si mi jefe no se hubiera enfadado, no le habría escuchado.
6. Habríamos asistido a la conferencia si nos hubieron mandado una invitación.

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