Event of Ghadir Khumm

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Event of Ghadir Khumm
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Mosque at Johfah near Rabigh in Hejaz, Saudi Arabia. The event is reported to have
occurred somewhere here.
Also called Eid Al-Ghadeer
Observed by Muslims, mostly Shia's
Type Islam
Significance Appointment of Ali as the successor of Muhammad; completion of
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2018 date 30 August[1]
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The event of Ghadir Khumm (Arabic: ???? ??????; Persian: ?????? ???? ??) refers to
a sermon delivered by the Islamic prophet Muhammad shortly before his death in 632
CE. In the sermon, attended by over one hundred thousand people,[4] Muhammad
announced Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor. After that announcement, the final
verse of the Quran was revealed, proclaiming the perfection of the religion of
Islam.

The event of Ghadir Khumm occurred while the Muslims were returning from the
Farewell Pilgrimage. A verse of the Quran was revealed instructing Muhammad to
deliver an important message. The Muslims were gathered and Muhammad delivered a
lengthy sermon. The speech included the famous statement by Muhammad that "to
whomsoever I am Mawla, Ali is also their Mawla;" Muhammad also described Ali with
the leadership titles Imam, Ameer, and Khalifah in the lengthy speech.[5] After
Muhammad announced Ali as his successor, the following verse of the Quran was
revealed: "This day I have perfected your Religion for you: Completed My favor upon
you, and have chosen For you Islam as your Religion."[6] This verse (the third
verse of Surah Maidah, the fifth chapter of the Quran) was the last verse of the
Quran to be revealed.[7] Towards the end of the sermon, Muhammad instructed the
Muslims to pledge allegiance to Ali.[8]

The event of Ghadir Khumm has been widely reported by Muslims, both Shia and Sunni.
[9] It is considered to mark the completion of Islam.[10] and is known as the
official appointment of Ali as Muhammad's successor.[11] The day's anniversary in
the Islamic calendar (18 Dhu al-Hijjah) is celebrated by Muslims (primarily Shia
Muslims) as Eid-e-Ghadeer.[12]

Contents
1 Background
2 Event
2.1 Revelation of the verse of announcement
2.2 The sermon
2.3 Revelation of the verse of Ikmal al-Din
2.4 Oath of allegiance
2.5 Interpretation and analysis
3 Narrators and citations
4 Aftermath
4.1 Rashidun Caliphate
4.2 Umayyad Caliphate
5 Eid al-Ghadeer
6 See also
7 Notes
8 References
9 External links
Background
Main article: Farewell Pilgrimage
Ten years after the migration and on the last days of Dhu al-Qi'dah (coinciding
with 632 in the Gregorian calendar), Muhammad moved from Medina to Mecca
accompanied by thousands of his followers. He only once attended Hajj rituals, a
few months before he died. Since this Hajj took place in the last year of his life,
he made his farewells to people. Ali was in Yemen, preaching Islam, when he was
informed about Muhammad's Hajj, so he moved towards Mecca together with some people
and joined Muhammad before rituals began. When the rituals of Hajj were finished,
Muhammad left Mecca for Medina together with other Muslims.[13][14]

Event
Revelation of the verse of announcement
On Thursday the 18th of Dhu al-Hijjah in the year 10 A.H. (March 632), after the
Farewell Pilgrimage, the Muslims arrived at Ghadir Khumm. The following verse of
the Quran was revealed:

O Messenger! proclaim the (message) which hath been sent to thee from thy Lord. If
thou didst not, thou wouldst not have fulfilled and proclaimed His mission. And
Allah will defend thee from men (who mean mischief). For Allah guideth not those
who reject Faith (5:67).[15]

According to the verse, Muhammad was obliged to proclaim an important message. The
verse clearly denotes the importance of the message, by saying that if he does not
announce it, then he has not performed his mission. After revelation of the verse,
Muhammad ordered the caravan to stop, and ordered those who had passed Ghadir Khumm
to return, and for them to wait there until the arrival of those who were still on
their way.[16][17]

Both Shia and Sunni sources state that this verse relates to the event of Ghadir
Khumm. According to Sunni traditional narratives, this verse was revealed during
the event,[18][16][17][19] and over 360 Sunnis traditional scholars have mentioned
about Ghadir and its connection with the mentioned verse.[20]

The sermon
On the way back to Medina from Mecca, Muhammad ordered his companions to stop at
Ghadir Khum and delivered a lengthy sermon. The most well-known part of the sermon
occurred when he raised Ali's hand and said, "whomever I am his Mawla, this Ali is
his Mawla."[21][22] When Abu Bakr and Umar heard this, they said to Ali: "O son of
Abu Talib, you have become the Mawla of every male and every female believer,
morning and evening, congratulations."[23][24][25]

A portion of a part of sermon is as follows:

O people, Allah the Most Kind the Omniscient has told me that no apostle lives to
more than half the age of him who had preceded him. I think I am about to be called
(to die) and thus I must respond. I am responsible and you are responsible, then
what do you say?' They said, 'We witness that you have informed, advised and
striven. May Allah bless you.' He said, 'Do you not bear witness that there is no
god but Allah and that Muhammad is His servant and Apostle, and that His Heaven is
true, His Hell is true, death is true, the Resurrection after death is true, that
there is no doubt that the Day of Judgment will come, and that Allah will resurrect
the dead from their graves?' They said, 'Yes, we bear witness.' He said, 'O Allah,
bear witness.' Then he said, 'O people, Allah is my Lord and I am the lord of the
believers. I am worthier of believers than themselves. Of whomsoever I had been
Mawla, Ali here is to be his Mawla.[a] O Allah, be a supporter of whoever supports
him (Ali) and an enemy of whoever opposes him and divert the Truth to Ali.'

O people, I will go ahead of you and you will arrive at my Pond (in Heaven) which
is wider than the distance between Basra and San'a. It has receptacles as numerous
as the stars, and two cups of gold and two of silver. I will ask you about the two
weighty things that I have left for you when you come to me to see how you dealt
with them. The greater weighty thing is Allah's book�the Holy Qur'an. One end is in
Allah's hand and the other is in your hands. Keep it and you will not deviate. That
other weighty thing is my family (Ahl al-Bayt) and my descendents. The Most Kind
the Omniscient had told me that both of them, would not separate until they come to
my Pond.

Another similar narration of part of the sermon is as follows:

Behold! Whosoever I am his master, this Ali is his master. O Allah! Stay firm in
supporting those who stay firm in following him, be hostile to those who are
hostile to him, help those who help him, and forsake those who forsake him. O
people! This Ali is my brother, the executor of my [affairs], the container of my
knowledge, my successor over my nation, and over the interpretation the Book of
Allah, the mighty and the majestic, and the true inviter to its [implications]. He
is the one who acts according to what pleases Him, fights His enemies, causes to
adhere to His obedience, and advises against His disobedience. Surely, He is the
successor of the Messenger of Allah, the commander of the believers, the guiding
Imam, and the killer of the oath breakers, the transgressors, and the apostates. I
speak by the authority of Allah. The word with me shall not be changed.[26]

Revelation of the verse of Ikmal al-Din

Main article: The verse of Ikmal al-Din
According to Shia scholar Sheikh Abdul Hosein Amini's work Al-Ghadir, immediately
after Muhammad had finished his speech, the following verse of the Quran was
revealed:[27][28][29]

This day have those who reject faith given up all hope of your religion: yet fear
them not but fear Me. This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My
favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion (5:3).

Sunni Muslims believe this verse was revealed during the Farewell Pilgrimage of the
Prophet Muhammad on the Day of Arafah, the ninth day of Dhul Hijja.[30]

Oath of allegiance
Only then, Muhammad left the rostrum, and gave the order for the establishment of a
tent in which Ali would sit to receive the allegiance oath of Muslims. Thousands of
people, group by group, including women, went to him and saluted and congratulated
him as Amir al-Mu'minin, commander of the faithful. Umar ibn Al-Khattab was the
first to offer congratulations.[13][31][32]

On the completion of Muhammad's sermon, Umar said, "Congratulations to you, Ali!

This morning has brought you a great blessing. Today you have become the Mawla of
all believing men and women." At a later occasion when Umar was asked about his
special treatment to Ali as compared to other companions, his reply was, "He is my
master."[33][34][35][36] Shias believe that, with Muhammad's approbation he recited
verses in honour of Ali. The verse are recorded in Ibn Shahrashoub and affirms that
?Ali was named as the successor of Muhammad on the day of Ghadir Khum.[21]

Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani, writes in his book, Mawaddat al-Qurba in Mawadda 5, that
many companions quoted Umar in different places as having said that Muhammad made
Ali the chief and leader of the nation and that Muhammad announced publicly that
Ali was their master. Umar was also quoted saying that on the day of that
announcement, a handsome youth was sitting besides him and that the youth said to
him, "Surely, the Prophet has bound a covenant which none but a hypocrite would
break. So Umar! Avoid breaking it." When Umar told Muhammad about the incident,
Muhammad said that the youth was not of Adam's (Adem) progeny but was Gabriel
(Jibril) and was stressing the point about Ali.

It is also reported that Abu Bakr said to Ali, "Well done Ibn Abi Talib! Today you
became the leader (Mawla) of all believing men and women." Abu Bakr, Umar, and
Uthman are all said to have given their allegiance to Ali, a fact that is reported
by both Shia and Sunni sources.[37][38][39]

Interpretation and analysis

The word mawla is significant in the first narration of this hadith, and can refer
to a leader, client, patron, friend, partner, ally or numerous other similar
relationships.[40] Twenty-seven (27) different meanings are given for the word
mawla and hence the exact meaning should be derived from their syntactical and
situational contexts.[41]

Unlike the words "Imam, Ameer, Khalifah, Ulil-Amr, Sultan" which are very clear
words to describe leader, the word "Mawla" is more ambiguous.[42][43][citation
needed] However, Shias argue that the context of the sermon makes it clear that the
word Mawla is meant as leader.[44] In addition, Muhammad did use the words "Imam,"
"Ameer," and "Khalifah" to describe Ali elsewhere in the sermon.[5][45]

It is also noteworthy that the Prophet used many titles for Ali in the sermon. The
words "Wali," "Mawla," and "Imam" were used over 27 times, indicating that Ali as
the successor to Muhammad in a spiritual sense, as well as a political sense (as
the word "Khalifa" was used three times in the sermon).[5] Hence, the sermon
established Ali's right as the political and spiritual successor to Muhammad.

According to some, the event of Ghadir Khumm took place because of a dispute
between Ali and two sahaba in Yemen prior to the Farewell Pilgrimage.[46] When
Muhammad found out about this dispute, he ordered his companions to never anger
Ali. The dispute was thus resolved with Muhammad's statement before the Farewell
Pilgrimage. This indicates that there was no need to gather over a hundred thousand
people around to discuss the dispute after the pilgrimage, as the dispute had
already been settled.[47] However, it is also noted in a key Shia text of Shaykh
al-Mufid that the complaints against Ali had not ended and not settled until the
declaration of Ghadir Khumm and are thus recorded under the section 'The Prophets
Farewell Pilgrimage and the Declaration at Ghadir Khumm." Shaykh al-Mufid, Kitab
al-Irshad (trans. IKA Howard),p. 122.

Narrators and citations

The event of Ghadir Khumm has been revealed in both Shia and Sunni sources.
Narrators of the Hadith of Ghadir Khumm are many, including:

Ahl al-Bayt: Ali, Fatimah, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali[citation needed]
110 Sahabah (companions) of Muhammad: Umar,[48] Uthman, Aisha,[49] Abu Hurairah,
[50] Abu Dhar al-Ghifari,[citation needed] Salman the Persian,[51] Ammar ibn Yasir,
[citation needed] Zubayr ibn al-Awam,[52] Jabir ibn Abd Allah,[53] and others, who
were all present at Ghadir Khum and narrated the event directly.
83 of the Tabi�un (followers): Salim ibn Abd-Allah, Umar II, Tawus ibn Kaysan, and
etc.
360 Sunni scholars of 2nd to 4th century AH: Abu ?Abdullah Muhammad ibn Idris al-
Shafi?i (the founder of the Shafi'i school), Ahmad ibn Hanbal (the founder of the
Hanbali school), Al-Nasa'i, Ibn al-Maghazili, Ahmad ibn Abd Allah, and Ahmad ibn
Abd Rabbih.
Shia Hadith scholars: Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni, Ibn Babawayh, Al-Shaykh Al-
Mufid, Sharif al-Murtaza, and etc.
This Hadith is considered to be Hasan by many scholars, and some consider it Sahih.
Furthermore, all Shia Hadith scholars, and some great Sunni scholars, consider this
Hadith to be Mutawatir. Shia scholar Sheikh Abdul Hosein Amini collected all the
references for the event of Ghadir Khum from Sunni sources and issued them together
with all other reasons for this event in eleven volumes in of his book Al-Ghadir.
[32]

The above hadith have been cited in various Sunni sources including:

Ahmad ibn Hanbal in Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]

[64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73]
Al-Nasa'i in Al-Khasa'is[74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86]
Ibn 'Asakir in The History of Damascus[87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97]
[98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114]
[115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129]
Ali ibn al-Athir in Usud al-Ghabah fi Ma'rifah al-Sahabah[130][131][132][133][134]
[135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150]
[151][152][153][154]
Ibnul-Maghazili's Manaqib[155][156][157][158][159][160][161][162][163]
Ibn Majah in Sunan ibn Majah[164][165]
Ali ibn Abu Bakr al-Haythami in Majma al-Zawa'id[166][167][168]
Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Kanji ash-Shafii in Kifayat at-Talib[169][170][171]
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani in Al-Isaba[172][173][174]
Izz al-Din ibn Hibatullah ibn Abi l-Hadid in Sharh Nahjul Balagha[175]
Abu Nu`aym in Hilyat al-awliya'[176][177][178]
Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi in The History of Baghdad[179][180][181][182][183]
Al-Kuna wa al-Asma[184][185]
Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Tahawi in Mushkil ul-Athar[186]
Muhammad ibn `Isa at-Tirmidhi in Jami` at-Tirmidhi[187]
Muwazihul-Awham[188]
Ibn Kathir in Al-Kafi ash-Shafi[189][190]
Ibn Kathir in Tafsir ibn Kathir[191][192][193][194]
Al-Tabarani in Al-Mu'jam al-Kabeer[195][196][197][198][199]
Ibn Kathir in Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya[200][201][202][203][204][204][205][206][207]
Abu Abdullah al-Hakim Nishapuri in Al-Mustadrak alaa al-Sahihain[208][209]
Al-Dhahabi in Talkhis al-Mustadrak[210]
Arjah ul-Matalib[211][212]
Mu?ammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi's Manaqib[213][214][215][216][217][218][219]
Al-Tabarani in Al-Mu'jam As-Saghir[220]
Ibn Abi Hatim in Al-Jarh wa at-Ta'dil[221]
Al-Dhahabi in The History of Islam[222][223]
Al-Juwayni in Fara'id al-Simtayn[224][225][226][227][228][229]
al-Hasaqani in Du'atul-Hudat[230]
Ibn Qutaybah in Al-Imama wa al-Siyasa[231]
Ahmad in Manaqib[232][233]
Hafiz al-Dhahabi in Mizanul-I'tidal[234]
Abd Al Husayn Amini, Iranian Shia scholar also has gathered narrations of more than
110 companions (Sahaba) of Muhammad, as well as 40 followers of Muhammad about this
event in his book named Al Ghadir.
Aftermath
Rashidun Caliphate
See also: Succession to Muhammad
After the death of Muhammad, a gathering at Saqifah elected Abu Bakr, rather than
Ali, to be the successor of Muhammad as the first Rashidun Caliph. This choice was
disputed by some Muslims, who believed that Ali had been appointed as successor.
This dispute led to the schism between Sunnis and Shias.

Umayyad Caliphate
After the First Fitnah, during the days of the Umayyad Caliphate, when Muawiyah
arrived (in Mecca) during one of his pilgrimages, accordingly, Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas
came to see him, and they happened to mention Ali. Muawiyah disparaged Ali. As a
result, Sa`d became angry and said: "You are speaking of this man! I have heard the
Messenger of Allah�peace and salutation of Allah be upon him�declare (On the day of
Ghadir): "Of whomsoever I am the Mawla, then Ali is his Mawla." I have (also) heard
him say: 'You Ali are to me in position that Harun was to Musa, except that there
is no prophet after me (See Hadith of position)." And I have heard him announce:
"Today I am indeed going to hand over the banner to a person who loves Allah and
his Messenger, and Allah and his Messenger also loves him."[235]

Eid al-Ghadeer
Main article: Eid al-Ghadir
Shia Muslims celebrate the occasion of Muhammad declaring Ali as his successor on
the 18th of Dhu al-Hijjah.[21][236] Fasting, doing Ghusl (ritual bath), reciting
the Du'a Nudba,[237] and giving food to believers is among recommended practice of
Eid al-Ghadeer.[238] It is a public holiday[239] in countries such as: Iran,[240]
[241] India, Azerbaijan,[242] Saudi Arabia,[243][244] Iraq,[245][246] UAE, Yemen,
Afghanistan, Lebanon, Bahrain and Syria. The Shia Muslim also celebrate Eid Ghadir
in Europe and Americas, among in: The U.S., England, Germany, France,[247] and so
on.[248][249]

See also
icon Shia Islam portal
The verse of Wilayah
Hadith of the two weighty things
Hadith of the Twelve Successors
Hadith of giving Zakat while in Ruku
Hadith of Mubahala
Hadith of Fatima tablet
Hadith of Warning
Ahl al-Kisa
Nahj al-Balagha
Umar at Fatimah's house
Succession to Muhammad
Rabigh
Notes
Man kun?u mawlahu fa-?Ali mawlah (Arabic: ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????).
[21]
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Mu'menin. p. 48.
Ibn 'Abd al-Barr, Yusuf ibn Abdallah. The Comprehensive Compilation of the Names
of the Prophet's Companions (Arabic: ????????? ?? ????? ???????). 3. Beirut: Dar
al-jil. p. 1099.
Musnad, narrated by Zathan, from thirteen persons, vol. 1 p. 84
Musnad, narrated by Ziyad bin Abu Ziyad, from twelve persons, who had fought in
the battle of Badr. vol. 1 p. 88
Musnad, narrated by Sa'id bin Wahhab, from five or six persons, vol. 5 p. 366
Musnad, narrated by Sa'id bin Wahhab and Zayd bin Yathigh, from twelve persons
vol. 1 p. 118
Musnad, narrated by Zayd bin Arqam, from sixteen persons, vol. 5 p. 370
Musnad, narrated by Abu-Tufayl, from many persons, vol. 4 p. 370
Musnad, narrated by Abu-Tufayl, from thirty persons, vol. 4 p. 370
Musnad, narrated by Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Leyla, to twelve people, vol. 1 p. 118
Musnad, narrated by Riyah bin al-Harith, from some of the Ansar, vol. 5 p. 419
Musnad, narrated by Riyah bin al-Harith, from some people, vol. 5 p. 419
Musnad, narrated by Sa'id bin Ubayda, from ibn Burayda, from his father, vol. 5 p.
358
Musnad, narrated by Sa'id bin Ubayda from another direction vol. 5 p. 358
Musnad, narrated by Umar bin Maymun, from Ibn Abbas, vol. 1 p. 331
Musnad, narrated by Abu Ubayd, from Ibn Maymun, from Zayd bin Arqam, vol. 4 p. 372
Musnad, narrated by Abdul-Malik, from Zayd bin Arqam, vol. 4 p. 370
Musnad, narrated by To Atiya, vol. 4 p. 370
Musnad, narrated by Al-Bara' bin Aazib from another chain of narrators, vol. 4 p.
281
Musnad, narrated by Al-Bara' bin Aazib from another chain of narrators, vol. 4 p.
282
Musnad, narrated by Abu Maryam and one of Imam Ali's Companions, vol. 1, p. 152
Musnad, narrated by Ibn Abbas, vol. 1 p. 331
Al-Khasa'is, Sa'id bin Wahhab, from five or six persons p. 21
Al-Khasa'is, narrated by Sa'id bin Wahhab, from six persons � p. 26 and 40
Al-Khasa'is, narrated by Zayd bin Yathigh, from six persons�p. 26
Al-Khasa'is, narrated by Amr bin Sa'd, from six persons, Al-Khasa'is, p. 21
Al-Khasa'is, narrated by Amr Dhi Mur, to some persons p. 40
Al-Khasa'is, narrated by Ibn Abbas bin Burayda, p. 21
Al-Khasa'is, From another direction to Ibn Abbas from Burayda, p. 21
Al-Khasa'is, narrated by Sa'id bin Umayr, from ibn Burayda, from his father, p. 21
Al-Khasa'is, narrated by Aamir bin Wathila, p. 24
Al-Khasa'is, narrated by Auf, from Ibn Maymun, from Zayd bin Arqam, p. 22.
Al-Khasa'is, narrated by Abu at-Tufayl, from Zayd bin Arqam-Al Khasa'is, p. 21
Al-Khasa'is, narrated by Ayman, from Sa'd bin Abu Waqqas, p. 4
Al-Khasa'is, narrated by 'Aa'isha bint Sa'd, from Sa'd bin Abu Waqqas, 24�25
The History of Damascus, narrated by Sa'id bin Wahhab, from six persons vol. 2 p.
28
The History of Damascus, narrated by Amr Dhi Mur, Sa'id bin Wahhab and Zayd bin
Yathigh, from thirteen persons, vol. 2 p. 18
The History of Damascus, narrated by Amr Dhi Mur and Sa'id bin Wahhab, from six or
seven persons�vol. 2 p. 19
The History of Damascus, narrated by Sa'id bin Wahhab and Abd Khayr, from some
persons, vol. 2 p. 20
The History of Damascus, narrated by Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Leyla vol. 2 p. 9
The History of Damascus, narrated by Also Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Leyla, vol. 2 p. 9
The History of Damascus, narrated by Salama from Hudhayfa bin Usayd vol. 2 p. 45
The History of Damascus, narrated by Sa'd bin Abu Waqqas, vol. 2 p. 53
The History of Damascus, narrated by Umar bin al-Khattab, vol. 2 p. 80
The History of Damascus, narrated by Malik bin al-Huwayrith, vol. 2 p. 80
The History of Damascus, narrated by Ibrahim bin al-Husayn, from Abu Hurayra, vol.
2 p. 72
The History of Damascus, narrated by Abu 'Ishaq al-Khitabi, from Abu Hurayra, vol.
2 p. 74
The History of Damascus, narrated by Mansur bin abul-Aswad, from Abu Hurayra, vol.
2 p. 74
The History of Damascus, narrated by Abu Ya'la, from Abu Hurayra, vol. 2p. 74
The History of Damascus, narrated by Abdullah bin Adiy, from Abu Hurayra vol. 2 p.
75
The History of Damascus, narrated by Habshun, from Abu Hurayra, vol. 2 p. 75
The History of Damascus, narrated by Ali bin Shu'eib, from Abu Hurayra, vol. 2 p.
76
The History of Damascus, narrated by Ad-Daqqaq, from Abu Hurayra, vol. 2 p. 77
The History of Damascus, narrated by Samra bin Jundub, vol. 2 p. 71
The History of Damascus, narrated by Shuriet bin Anas, vol. 2 p. 72
The History of Damascus, narrated by Qubaysa, from Jabir bin Abdullah, vol. 2 p.
65
The History of Damascus, narrated by Qubaysa, from someone else, vol. 2 p. 63
The History of Damascus, narrated by Muhammad bin al-Munkadir, from Jabir bin
Abdullah, vol. 2 p. 65
The History of Damascus, narrated by Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Aqil, from someone
else, vol. 2 p. 62
The History of Damascus, narrated by Abdur-Rahman bin Bahman, vol. 2 p. 63
The History of Damascus, narrated by Abu Bastam, Usama's freed slave, vol. 2 p. 86
The History of Damascus, narrated by Ali bin Khadim, from Abu Sa'id, vol. 2 p. 69
The History of Damascus, narrated From another chain of narrators to Shu'ba, from
Zayd bin Arqam, vol. 2 p. 42
The History of Damascus, narrated by Atiya al-Aufi, from Zayd bin Arqam, vol. 2 p.
39
The History of Damascus, narrated by Abu Surayha or Zayd bin Arqam, vol. 2 p. 36
The History of Damascus, narrated by Abu Abdullah ash-Shami, from Zayd bin Arqam,
vol. 2 p. 38
The History of Damascus, narrated by Habibu l-Iskafi, from Zayd bin Arqam, vol. 2
p. 41
The History of Damascus, narrated by Abu 'Ishaq, from Zayd bin Arqam, vol. 2 p. 41
The History of Damascus, narrated by Al-Bara' bin Aazib from a tenth chain of
narrators, vol. 2 p. 48
The History of Damascus, narrated by Al-Bara' bin Aazib from an eleventh chain of
narrators, vol. 2 p. 50
The History of Damascus, narrated by Al-Bara' bin Aazib, from another chain of
narrators, vol. 2 p. 50
The History of Damascus, narrated by Abu 'Ishaq, from al-Bara' bin Aazib and Zayd
bin Arqam vol. 2 p. 52
The History of Damascus, narrated by Amr Dhi Mur, vol. 2 p. 30
The History of Damascus, narrated by Al-Husayn bin Ali, from Imam Ali, vol. 2, p.
26
The History of Damascus, narrated by Umar bin Ali, from Imam Ali, vol. 2 p. 28
The History of Damascus, narrated by Abu at-Tufayl, from Imam Ali, vol. 2, p. 20
The History of Damascus, narrated by Zayd bin Arqam, from Imam Ali, vol. 2, p. 20
The History of Damascus, narrated by Ibn Umar, vol. 2 p. 83
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Habba bin Juwayn al-Urani, vol. 1 p. 376
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Jundu' bin Amr bin Mazin, vol. 1 p. 308
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Ya'la bin Murra, vol. 3 p. 233
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Abu Ayyub, vol. 5 p. 6
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Abu at-Tufeil, from Abu Qudama, vol. 5 p. 276
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Ya'la, from Aamir bin Leyla, vol. 3 p. 93
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Ya'la bin Murra, from Yazid or Zayd bin Shuraheel,
vol. 2 p. 233
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Hudhayfa bin Usayd and Aamir bin Leyla bin Zamra, vol.
3 p. 92
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Aamir bin Leyla from another chain of narrators, vol.
3 p. 93
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Abu Amra, from Amr bin Mahz, vol. 3 p. 307
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Abu Zaynab, vol. 3 p. 307
 Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Sahl bin Hunayf, vol. 3 p. 307
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Khuzayma bin Thabit, vol. 3 p. 307
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Abdullah bin Thabit al-Ansari, vol. 3 p. 307
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Habashi bin Junada, vol. 3 p. 307
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Ubayd bin Aazib, vol. 3 p. 307
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Nu'Man bin Ajlan, vol. 3 p. 307
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Thabit bin Wadi'a, vol. 3 p. 307
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Abu Fuzala al-Ansari, vol. 3 p. 307
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Najiya bin Amr al-Khuza'i, vol. 5 p. 6
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Miqdad bin Amr, vol. 5 p. 6
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Al-Asbagh, from Ubayd bin Aazib al-Ansari, vol. 3 p.
307 and vol. 5 p. 205
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Habib bin Badil bin Warqa', vol. 1 p. 368
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Qays bin Thabit bin Shamaas, vol. 1 p. 367
Usud al-Ghabah, narrated by Hashim bin Utba, vol. 1 p. 368
Ibnul-Maghazili's Manaqib, narrated by Abd Khayr, Amr Dhi Mur and Habbatul-Urani,
from twelve people, p. 20
Ibnul-Maghazili's Manaqib, narrated by Hamid at-Tawil, from Anas
Ibnul-Maghazili's Manaqib, narrated by Abu Salama, from Muhammad bin al-Munkadir,
p. 25
Ibnul-Maghazili's Manaqib, narrated by Al-Hakam bin Abu Sulayman, from Zayd bin
Arqam, p. 23
Ibnul-Maghazili's Manaqib, narrated by Abuz-Zuha, from Zayd bin Arqam, p. 20
Ibnul-Maghazili's Manaqib, narrated by Zayd's wife, from Zayd bin Arqam, p. 16
Ibnul-Maghazili's Manaqib, narrated by Abdullah bin Mas'ud, p. 23
Ibnul-Maghazili's Manaqib, narrated by Atiyah, from ibn Abu Awfa, p. 24
Ibnul-Maghazili's Manaqib, narrated by Umayra bin Sa'd, p. 26
Sunan ibn Majah, narrated by Al-Bara' bin Aazib, vol. 1 p. 55
Sunan ibn Majah, narrated by Abdur-Rahman bin Saabit, from Sa'd bin Abu Waqqas,
vol. 1, p. 58
Majma al-Zawa'id, narrated by Sa'id bin Wahhab, from thirteen persons vol. 9
Majma al-Zawa'id, narrated by Abu Hurayra, Anas and Abu Sa'id, from nine persons
and others, vol. 9 p. 708
Majma al-Zawa'id, narrated by Hamid bin Imara, vol. 9p. 107
Kifayat at-Talib, narrated by Sa'id bin Wahhab and Zayd bin Yathigh, from some
persons p. 18
Kifayat at-Talib, narrated by Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Aqil, from Muhammad bin
al-Munkadir, p. 14
Kifayat at-Talib, narrated by From another direction to Abu at-Tufayl, from Zayd
bin Arqam, p. 13�14
Al-Isaba, narrated by Abu-Tufayl, from seventeen persons, vol. 4 p. 156
Al-Isaba, narrated by Al-Asbagh bin Nabata, from some persons, vol. 4 p. 80
Al-Isaba, narrated by Abdullah bin Bamil, vol. 2 p. 374
Sharh Nahjul Balagha, narrated by Abu Zumayla, from some persons
Hilyat al-awliya, narrated by Umayra bin Sa'd, from twelve persons, vol. 5 p. 26
Hilyat al-awliya, narrated by Umar bin Abdul-Aziz, from some persons, vol. 5 p.
364
Hilyat al-awliya, narrated To Tawus, from Burayda, vol. 4 p. 23
Tarikh Baghdad, narrated by Umayra, from eighteen persons, vol. 2 p. 13
Tarikh Baghdad, narrated by Umayra, from other eight sources, vol. 2 p. 13
Tarikh Baghdad, narrated by Musa bin Ayyub, from Abu Hurayra, vol. 8 p. 290
Tarikh Baghdad, narrated by Al-Mansur, from his father, from his grandfather, from
Ibn Abbas, vol. 12 p. 343
Tarikh Baghdad, narrated by Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Leyla, vol. 14 p. 236
Al-Kuna wa al-Asma, narrated by Abu Qulaba, from more than ten people, vol. 2 p.
61
Al-Kuna wa al-Asma, narrated by Abu 'Ishaq as-Subay'i, from al-Bara' bin Aazib,
vol. 1 p. 160
Mushkil ul-Athar, narrated by Abu 'Ishaq as-Subay'i, from more than ten people,
vol. 2 p. 307
Jami` at-Tirmidhi, narrated by Salama from Hudhayfa bin Usayd, vol. 13 p. 165
Muwazihul-Awham, narrated by As'ad bin Zurara, from his father, vol. 1 p. 91
Al-Kafi ash-Shafi, narrated by Isa bin Talha, from Talha bin Abdullah, p. 95
Talha, p. 95
Tafsir ibn Kathir, narrated by Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Leyla from another direction,
vol 2 p. 14
Tafsir ibn Kathir, narrated by Abdur-Rahman bin abu Leyla, vol. 2 p. 14
Tafsir ibn Kathir, narrated by To Abu at-Tufayl, from Zayd bin Arqam, vol. 2 p. 14
Tafsir ibn Kathir, narrated by Zayd bin Wahhab and Abd Khayr, from Imam Ali, vol.
2, p. 14
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabeer, narrated by Habashi bin Junada, p. 127
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabeer, narrated by Bishr bin Harb, from Jarir, p. 127
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabeer, narrated by Abu Ayyub, p. 157
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabeer, narrated to Abu at-Tufayl, from Zayd bin Arqam, p. 127
(Manuscript)
Al-Mu'jam al-Kabeer, narrated by Hudhayfa bin Usayd or Zayd bin Arqam, p. 157
(Manuscript)
Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya, narrated by Amr Dhi Mur, vol. 5 p. 210
Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya, narrated by Bint Ka'b (Ka'b's daughter) from Abu Sa'id,
vol. 5 p. 208
Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya, narrated by Abu Maryam or Zayd bin Arqam, vol. 7 p. 348
Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya, narrated by Yazid bin Talha, vol. 5 p. 108
Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya, narrated by Al-Bara' bin Aazib, vol. 5 p. 208
Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya, narrated by Al Bara' bin Aazib, vol. 5 p. 208
Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya, narrated by Umar bin Ali, from Imam Ali, vol. 5, p. 221
Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya, narrated From another direction to 'Aa'isha bint Sa'd from
Sa'd bin abu Waqqas, vol. 5 p. 208
Al-Mustadrak alaa al-Sahihain, narrated by Sa'd bin Malik, vol. 3 p. 116
Al-Mustadrak alaa al-Sahihain, narrated by Ibn Wathila, from Zayd bin Arqam, vol.
3 p. 109
Talkhis al-Mustadrak, narrated by Aamir bin Wathila, vol. 3 p. 109
Arjah ul-Matalib, narrated by Abul-Hamra', p. 581
Arjah ul-Matalib, narrated by Fatima binte Muhammad p. 448 and 571
Al-Khawarizmi's Manaqib, narrated by Al-Bazzar, from Abu Hurayra, p. 94
Al-Khawarizmi's Manaqib, narrated by Al-Abdi, from Abu Sa'id
Al-Khawarizmi's Manaqib, narrated by Abd bin Thabit, from al-Bara' bin Aazib, p.
93
Al-Khawarizmi's Manaqib, narrated by Aamir bin Wathila, from Imam Ali, vol. 1, p.
41
Al-Khawarizmi's Manaqib, narrated by Salman, from Imam Ali, vol. 1 p. 41
Al-Khawarizmi's Manaqib, narrated by Amr bin al-Aas, p. 125
Al-Khawarizmi's Manaqib, narrated by Amr bin al-Aas-Khawarizmi's Manaqib, p. 126
Al-Mu'jam As-Saghir, narrated by Tawus, from Burayda, vol. 1 p. 71
Al-Jarh wa at-Ta'dil, narrated by Abu Leyla bin Sa'id, from his father, vol. 4 p.
431
The History of Islam, narrated by Shu'ba, from Ibn Maymun, from Zayd bin Arqam,
vol. 2 p. 196
The History of Islam, narrated by Aamir bin Sa'd, from Sa'd bin Abu Waqqas, vol. 2
Fara'id al-Simtayn, narrated by Al-Bara' bin Aazib, vol. 1 p. 64
Fara'id al-Simtayn, narrated by Al-Bara' bin Aazib from another direction, vol. 1
p. 65
Fara'id al-Simtayn, narrated by Ammar bin Yasir, vol. 1 p. 195
Fara'id al-Simtayn, narrated by Amr Dhi Mur, from Imam Ali, vol. 1, p. 67
Fara'id al-Simtayn, narrated by Sulaym bin Qays, from some persons, one of them
was Abu Dharr, vol. 1 p. 315
Fara'id al-Simtayn, narrated by Hasan bin Thabit, vol. 1 p. 73
Du'atul-Hudat, from Hudhayfa bin al-Yaman
Al-Imama wa al-Siyasa, from Amr bin al-Aas p. 93
 Salama, abu at-Tufeil from Hudhayfa bin Useid al-Ghifari
Tawus, from his father, Ahmad bin Hanbal's Manaqib, (Manuscript)
Mizanul-I'tidal, Amr Dhi Mur, from Imam Ali, vol. 2 p. 303.
Ibn Majah, Sunan, Volume 1 Page 45, Cairo, 1952 CE,
Amir-Moezzi, Mohammad Ali (2014). "Ghadir Khumm". In Fleet, Kate; Kr�mer, Gudrun;
Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (Third
ed.). doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_27419.
Practices in Eid Ghadir Khum yjc.ir
Eid (Feast) Ghadir Khum hawzah.net
The Feast (Eid) Ghadir Khum yjc.ir
Ghadir Khum (Eid) farsnews.com
Ghadir celebration, Ahwaz, Iran aparat.com
Islamic countries, Eid Ghadir Khum hawzah.net
Eid Ghadir Khum, in diverse countries shafaqna.com Retrieved 22 Sep 2018
Mecca, Eid Ghadir Khum alkawthartv.com Retrieved 22 Sep 2018
Iraq, Eid Ghadir-Khum alalam.ir Retrieved 22 Sep 2018
Eid Ghadir Khum, Iraq shia-news.com Retrieved 22 Sep 2018
Ghadir Khum, celebration alkawthartv.com
Eid Ghadir-Khum, in Georgia iribnews.ir
The celebration of Ghadir, in Saudi Arabia shia-news.com
External links
Resources on Ghadeer
The Event of Ghadir Khumm �Shia perspectives
Did the Prophet(s) appoint a successor? (Narrations from Sunni Sources)
An Exegesis of the Qur`anic Verses Indicating the Incident of Ghadir Khumm
(Citations from Sunni Sources)
Ghadir
"Al-Muraja'at: A Shi'i-Sunni dialogue". Archived from the original on 27 September
2007. (letters 55�58, which pertain to the Hadith of Ghadeer and its citations and
interpretations from Sunni sources)
Khetabe Ghadir
Complete Sermon at Ghadir Khumm in English Version
Ghadir, the Greatest Eid of All Religions
Ghadir Khumm�Interesting Aspects of a Unique Event
Did Umar congratulate Ali? (Narrations from Sunni Sources)
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People and things in the Quran
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Islamic holidays and observances
Coordinates: 22�49'30?N 39�04'30?E

Categories: 7th-century IslamShia days of remembranceAliHistory of IslamShia Islam

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