Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Contents
Exercise‐1
Exercise‐2
Exercise‐3
Exercise‐4
Exercise‐5
Exercise ‐1
Consider the design of a cylindrical electric resistance furnace. The heating coil should have 1250
maximum temperature at steady state when the power supply is 750 watts. The outer diameter of a
ceramic tube on which heating coil is to be wound is 0.08m. The insulation is fireclay inside and asbestos
magnesia outside. Asbestos‐ magnesia can sustain a maximum temperature of 900 .Determine the
thickness of the two insulation layers when the total insulation thickness is minimum. Length of furnace
is 0.7m.
W W
Given: outer shell temperature 45 , Kf 0.72 and K M 0.12 . Assume25% of
K K
total power is lost from both ends.
Since coil temperature and shell temperatures are given
T T ⁄ ⁄
(1)
Q L Kf LK
T T ⁄
(2)
Q L Kf
r 0.286m.
Δr 0.246m. thickness of fireclay
Exercise ‐2
i) A long electricity heated cylinder 3 cm in diameter is covered with 8cm of insulation.
W
Thermal conductivity of insulation is 0.08 . The temperature is the insulation varies from
K
45 at the inside surface to 100 at outside surface. Calculate heat loss in W/m.
Q K T T
Heat loss
L
. . W
. 95.24
.
.
ii) Vary the insulation thickness from 5 to 8 cm at the interval of 1 cm and calculate in each
case the outside surface temperature.lat the surface temperature with the insulation
thickness.
Exercise ‐3 (Self study)
B
In laying refractory bricks in a furnace it is observes that two courses of firebricks K 1.5 are
poorly joined so that they are separated by a crack of air space averaging 2mm in width. The brick
temperature in the vicinity of the joint is 1000 .
Estimate the additional brick thickness in inches to which the thermal resistance of the joint is
equivalent.
B
K 0.018
Exercise‐ 4
W
A pipe is insulated by asbestos cement K 0.74 . The pipe is exposed to room temperature at
W
25 with h 4
Calculate the critical radius of insulation for asbestos cement.
K .
r 0.185 m 18.5 cm.
Decrease in K will decrease the critical thickness of insulation.
Calculate the heat loss from a 25 6 cm dia pipe when
i) covered with the critical radius of insulation
ii) and without insulation.
W
. 371
L .
. .
Without insulation the convection from the outer surface of the pipe is
h 2 πr T T
L
4 2 π 0.03 225
169.56 w/m
So addition of insulation increases the heat transfer
Suppose we use now asbestos K 0.04
.
r 0.01m. 1cm
The critical radius of the insulation is less than the radius of the pipe, so addition of fiberglass will
decrease the heat transfer.
Exercise ‐5
Properties of air
T .
h 1.26 for film temp 400 K
D
T .
h 1.22 for film temp 450 K
D
T .
h 1.10 for film temp 600 K
D
T .
Average h 1.19 can be used
D