! GENOME!TYPE! MECHANISM! COMMENTS!

I! dsDNA& • Host&enzymes&transcribe&IE&and/or&E&mRNA& Not&all&have&IE&genes,&but&all&have&E&

• IE&mRNA&is&translated&to&IE&proteins,&which&transcribe&E&mRNA& genes.&
• E&mRNA&is&translated&to&E&proteins& &
• E&proteins&replicate!parental!DNA&and&transcribe!L!mRNA& Some&can&transform&cells.&
• L&mRNA&is&translated&into&L&proteins& &
• L!proteins&assemble&into&capsids,!which&incorporate&viral&DNA&to&make&mature&virus& Adeno&,(Herpes&,(Pox&,(Polyomaviruses(
II! ssDNA&(+)& • ssDNA&(+)&is&converted&to&dsDNA&(+/–)&by&cellular&enzymes&[by&forming&a&(–)&strand]& • Replication&in&the&nucleus.&
• dsDNA&is&transcribed&to&mRNA&by&cellular&enzymes& • Transcription&in&the&nucleus.&
• mRNA&is&translated&to&viral&proteins& • Translation&in&the&cytoplasm.&
• Viral&proteins&make&up&the&capsids,&etc.& &
• Viral&DNA&is&encapsidated&in&progeny&virus& Parvovirus(
III! dsRNA& • dsRNA&is&transcribed&to&viral!mRNAs&by&virus&associated&RNABdependent!RNA! • dsRNA&cannot&function&as&mRNA&
polymerase!(cytoplasm)& • Segmented&genomes&
• vBmRNAs&are&translated&to&structural&and&nonMstructural&proteins& • Must&package&an&RNABdependent!
• Viral&proteins&assemble&to&form&an&immature&capsid& RNA!polymerase&
• mRNAs&are&packaged&into&an&immature&capsid&and&copied&within&capsid&to&form&dsRNA& Reoviridae((Rotavirus),(Birnaviruses&
IV! (+)&ssRNA& Purified((+)(RNA(can(be(infectious(without(viral(proteins( Picorna&,(toga&,(coronoa&,(flaviviruses(
Virus&replicates&in&cytoplasm&
IVa& • (+)&ssRNA&is&translated&into&one!polyprotein& ssRNA&is&infectious!RNA&
• Multiple&viral&proteins&are&made&via&postBtranslational!cleavage&
• NonBstructural!proteins&transcribe&(+)&RNA&into&(–)&RNA&which&is&transcribed&to&(+)&RNA&
• Structural!proteins&make&up&capsid&and&incorporate&viral&RNA&to&form&progeny&virus!
IVb& • (+)&ssRNA&is&translated&into&nonMstructural&proteins&(NOT!one&polypeptide)& ssRNA&is&infectious!RNA&
• Parental&RNA&transcribed&to&(–)&RNA&by&viral!nonBstructural!proteins&
• (–)&ssRNA&is&transcribed&to&(+)&RNA&(many&copies)&
• Capsid&incorporates&(+)&RNA,&other&viral&proteins&to&form&progeny&virus&
V! (–)&ssRNA& • Virus(associated,(premade&polymerase&(RNA&dependent&RNA&polymerase)&reads&(–)&RNA& Orthomyxo&,(Paramyxo&,(Rhabdo&,(Arena&,(
and&forms&(+)&RNA( Bunya&,(Filoviruses(
• The&mRNA&is&translated&into&viral&proteins(
• Capsid&assembles,&genomic&RNA&and&viral&proteins&(virus!RNA!polymerase)&are&
incorporated&to&form&progeny&virus(
VI! (+)&ssRNA&,&RT& • 2!copies!of!(+)!mRNA! Retroviruses((e.g.(HIV)(
• Virus(associated,(premade&reverse!transcriptase&generates&ds&provirus&
• Provirus&integrates&into&host&genome&and&serves&as&a&template&for&synthesis&of&viral&mRNA&
• Viral&mRNA&is&translated&into&structural&and&nonMstructural&proteins&
• The&capsid&incorporates&viral&genome&and&nucleoproteins&(incl.&RT)&to&form&progeny&virus&
VII! dsDNA,&ssRNA& • ds&supercoiled&DNA&is&made&and&goes&to&the&nucleus&for&transcription&of&vMmRNAs&and& Requires&viral!reverse!transcriptase&
intermediate,& viral&“pregenomic”&mRNA& &
RT& • mRNA&is&translated&to&various&structural&and&nonstructural&proteins& Hepadnaviruses,(HBV(
• Capsid&incorporates&pregenomic&mRNA&and&the&viral&polymerase&
• During&this&process,&pregenomic&mRNA&is&reverse!transcribed&to&dsDNA&