ENGINEERING REPORT AnExperimental Study of the Effect of Some Design Parameters on Crossflow Turbine Efficiency by Nadim M. Aziz Venkappayya R. Desai Department of Civil Engineering Clemson University Clemson, South Carolina 29634 Prepared for Department of Energy, Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, Oregon 1W-91 DEPARTMENT OF @’ CIVILENGINEERING aesEXECUTIVE SUMMARY ‘This report includes the results of the experimental study conducted at Clemson Hydraulics Laboratory, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina under DOE-Bonneville Power Administration Funding, The project involved a laboratory investigation of the effect of certain parameters on the efficiency of the crossflow turbine. ‘The study involved constructing models of crossflow turbines with variety of number ofrunner blades, angle of water entry to the runner, and inner-to-outer diameter runner ratios. Nozzles were also constructed for the experiments and have a spiral back wall to enhance the acceleration of water into the runner. The flow rate was measured by means of a calibrated orifice meter, total head by a Pitot tube, torque and rotational speed by means of a dynamometer and a controller. All together 27 runners were tested with three nozzles. Combinations of these runnersand nozzles covered the entire scope of the project. The results of the experiments clearly indicate that efficiency increased with increase in the number of blades. Moreover, a range was determined for the most efficient angle of attack (angle of water entry into to the runner). This range was between 20 and 28 degrees. In addition, asa result of these experiments, it was determined that 0,68 Is the most efficient inner-to-outer diameter ratio of the runners tested. Obviously, there are many related issues but are outside the scope of this project that should be resolved in terms of improving cross flow turbine efficiency. Some of these will be addressed in the continuation study on crossflow turbine at Clemson University.An Experimental Study Of the Effect of Some Design Parameters On Crossflow Turbine Efficiency ‘Table Of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .. ‘TABLE OF CONTENTS ... ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . LIST OF TABLES ....... LIST OF FIGURES ... LIST OF SYMBOLS .... 2 “ 9 CHAPTER 1. __ Introduction +. 10 CHAPTER 2. Review Of Literature . : sess 14 CHAPTER 3. Equipment And Model Components ........ -. 24 CHAPTER 4. Description Of Experimental Procedures ..... . 32 CHAPTER 5. Analysis Of Results, Conclusions, ‘And Recommendations .. 40 REFERENCES .. ie + 48 APPENDIXA Tables .......00.000cceceeeeeeeceecsecseeseceeeetsneeeneeeees Al APPENDIX B tiem 1 Fee aoe BI