Experiment3 1 INME 4032

Table of Contents

Principle 3

Objective 3

Goals 3

Background 4

a ) Experimental approach 4

 Overall efficiency 4

 Temperature efficiencies 5

 Overall heat transfer coefficient U 6

b ) Analytical approach 7

Experimental Setup 9

a) Tubular Heat Exchanger 10

 Description of the Tubular Heat Exchanger 10

 Technical Data 11

b) Plate Heat Exchanger 11

 Description of the Plate Heat Exchanger 11

 Technical Data 12

c) Shell & tube heat exchanger 12

 Description of the Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger 12

 Technical Data 13

Procedure 14

Discussion 14

Experiment3 2 INME 4032

 University of Puerto Rico
Mayagüez Campus
Department of Mechanical Engineering
INME 4032 - LABORATORY II
Spring 2004
Instructor: Guillermo Araya
Experiment 3: Heat Exchanger Analysis

Principle

This experiment is designed to acquire experience on heat exchangers

(being the most usually found in industrial applications: Tubular, Plate and
Shell & Tube heat exchangers) and to understand the factors and
parameters affecting the heat transfer rates.

Objective

To acquire experience on three basic heat exchangers (Tubular, Plate and

Shell & Tube) and to understand the factors and parameters affecting the
rates of heat transfer.

Goals

For co-current and counter-current operation of the equipment and flow

rates (hot and cold fluids) specified by the instructor, determine:

a) The heat lost to the surroundings.

b) The overall efficiency.

c) The temperature efficiency for the hot and cold fluids.

d) The overall heat transfer coefficient U determined experimentally.

e) The overall heat transfer coefficient U determined theoretically.

Compare with the experimental one.

Experiment3 3 INME 4032

Background

The process of heat exchange between two fluids that are at different
temperatures and separated by a solid wall occurs in many engineering
applications. The device used to implement this exchange is called a heat
exchanger, and specific applications may be found in space heating and air-
conditioning, power production, waste heat recovery and chemical
processing. Heat exchangers are typically classified according to flow
arrangement and type of construction. In the first classification, flow can be
countercurrent or cocurrent (also called parallel). On the other hand,
according to their configuration, heat exchangers can be labeled as tubular,
plate and shell & tube heat exchangers.

a) Experimental approach

Overall efficiency

To design or predict the performance of a heat exchanger, it is

essential to determine the heat lost to the surrounding for the
analyzed configuration. We can define a parameter to quantify the
percentage of losses or gains. Such parameter may readily be obtained
by applying overall energy balances for hot and cold fluids. If Qe is the
heat power emitted from hot fluid, meanwhile Qa the heat power
absorbed by cold fluid (neglecting potential and kinetic energy
changes);

• •
Q e = m h (h h ,i − h h ,o ) = m h Cp h (Th ,i − Th ,o )

• •
Q a = m c (h c,i − h c ,o ) = m c Cp c (Tc,i − Tc,o )

Where,
Experiment3 4 INME 4032
Fig
Fig. 7:1: Countercurrent
Schematic diagramand
Fig. 5: Cocurrent
of Diagram
plate operation
Fig.
of tubular
9: Fig. for
Schematic
4:
heat a diagram
shell of
Diagram and tube
tubular
of tubeheat
heat
and
Fig.
Fig.
Fig. 2: Plate
8:Fig.
6: Heat
Tube Exchanger
3:and
Tubular
heat heatService
exchanger
shellHeat Unit with the Tubular Heat
exchanger
heat exchanger showing exchanger shell heat exchanger
exchanger showing
Experiment3 5 INME 4032