Control for Single-phase Power Inverter System Based on Lead Signal and dq

Transform
Li Cui1, Liu Zhenxing1, Zhang Botao 2
1. Engineering Research Center of Metallurgical Automation and Measurement Technology of Ministry of
Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan,430081,China
E-mail: 15107118237@163.com
2. Institute of Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan,430081,China
E-mail: 215850053@qq.com

Abstract: In the control of inverter power system, with reference to the dq transform in three-phase inverter control
system, a control method of single-phase power inverter system based on lead signal and dq transform is proposed. In
this method, the Įȕ frame is constructed by the physical “Real Circuit” and the second “Imaginary Orthogonal Circuit”,
which is constituted by the 90 degree lead signal, thus the control scheme based on dq transform is realized. Simulation
model based on dq transform is constructed in the simulink of MATLAB, the effectiveness and viability of the method is
verified by the simulation and experiment results.
Key Words: lead signal; three-phase inverter; dq transform; single-phase power inverter; Imaginary Orthogonal Circuit

introduced in[2],[3]. In this paper, the double-loop PI

1 INTRODUCTION
The power supply system is an important part of modern
electronic equipment. The power inverter invented in 1969
has varies advantages which include high reliability, good
stability, good regulation characteristics, and small volume,
light weight, low power consumption. It is widely used in
the electronic and electrical domain. Inverter technology is
more and more widely applied in multitudes of fields with
the rapid development of power electronic technology and
the desperate requirement for control of the electrical
equipment. In the big ship, radar and sound control systems ,
400Hz inverter power is required for the high-quality
outputs. In this paper, a research is made into the control of
the 400Hz single-phase inverter power.
For the control system of the inverter power, general
requirements for inverter have high quality output
waveform. The static precision and dynamic property are
the standard for evaluating the output waveform. Thus, the
control scheme of simple construction and good static
dynamic performance is the focused research issue on
inverter power system.
The PI control technology which is always used in the
system control of inverter is very mature, but the normal PI
control cannot track the sinusoidal signal without static
error. Therefore the system with PI control can hardly meet
the static and dynamic performance of the inverter. In
response to this issue, two control scheme are proposed: PR
control and the PI control based on dq transform. PR
control in[1] applied to single-phase inverter is introduced,
the experiment results show that the PR controller can
regulate effectiveness ac signal, eliminate steady-state
errors and compensate the 3rd, 5th and 7th harmonics in
stationary frame. The method how to construct the BETA
data based on hysteresis voltage current signal 90° is
control based on lead signal and dq transform is proposed.
The simulation and experiment results show the viability of
the proposed method.
2 THE MAIN CIRCUIT TOPOLOGY
Single-phase voltage type full bridge inverter main circuit
of the circuit is shown in Figure 1. In the main inverter
circuit, the dc capacitor C2 plays a role in voltage
stabilization, the ac capacitor C1, inductance L1 are used as
filter devices. Otherwise, all the switch devices select the
full-controlled device- IGBT, which has the advantages
include the high input resistance, simple driving circuit,
simple control circuit and so on, it is the common used
switch devices in the rectification and inverter system. Four
inverse parallel diode limited voltage and they protect the
IGBT devices. In the experiment, the parameters of the
main circuit are set as follows: Vdc=110V; C2=12000uf;
L1=0.18mH; C1=20uf.
Fig 1. Single-phase full-bridge inverter circuit
3 THE PRINCIPLE OF SINGLE-PHASE DQ
TRANSFORM
In the design of the three-phase inverter power system, the
double loop PI control based on dq transform can track with
the fundamental frequency signal of the output without

978-1-4799-7016-2/15/$31.00 2015
c IEEE 3481
 steady state error, which can improve the dynamic property ªXd º ªcosZt   sin Zt  º ª XD º
of the system. The dq transform needs two orthogonal « » « »« » (3)
quantities, but the single-phase only has one phase quantity.
«¬ X q »¼ ¬« sin Zt  cosZt  ¼» ¬« X E ¼»
It is necessary to create another quantity in quadrature with
the real one to perform the dq transform in a single-phase ª XD º ª cosZt  sin Zt  º ª X d º
system. « » « »« » (4)
¬« X E ¼» «¬  sin Zt  cosZt  »¼ «¬ X q »¼
In order to apply the dq transform to the single-phase
inverter power system, the concept about the orthogonal Through the equation (3) transform, the component in the
virtual is presented in[4]. The orthogonal virtual quantity dq frame can be obtained as:
has the same frequency and amplitude as the output ªXd º ª Aº
voltage and current signal, the only difference is that the « » « » (5)
phase of the two quantities differs 90 degree. Though the ¬« X q ¼» ¬0¼
virtual orthogonal circuit is not exist actually, it can be As it is shown in equation (5), the ac signal becomes dc
constructed from the real circuit. signal after the coordinate transform, then send the error
The method of virtual orthogonal quantity constructed between dq dc quantity and the reference quantity to the PI
from the real signal based on the lead signal is proposed in controller. Thus , the PI controller can track the output
this paper, the two quantities constitute the Įȕ static frame. signal with no steady state error so that it is can control the
Where Į quantity is from the real circuit , and the ȕ quantity system accurately, the double closed loop control block
is obtained from the access of the data. The switch diagram based on lead signal transform is shown in Figure
frequency is selected as fs=4nf , where f is the fundamental 4.
frequency of the output signal and n is an integer, BETA
data is obtained from lead queue consisting of n memory
calls to store a quarter cycle real circuit variables. How to
obtain the BETA data is shown in Figure 2.


Fig 4. Double closed loop control block diagram

Fig 2. A virtual phase structure diagram 4 EXPERIMENT SIMULATION

After the BETA data constructed, the rotational coordinate
can be constructed. Figure 3 shows the any state quantity
transform from the Įȕ static frame to the rotational frame.
The simulation model is constituted in MATLAB/simulink
in this paper, the switch frequency is set as fs=14400Hz,
and the PI parameters of voltage loop are set as: Kpv
=1.1ˈKiv =300; the PI parameters of current loop are set
as: Kpi =0.1ˈKii =50. The simulation results under stable
operation are shown as Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7.
100

50
u/v

-50

-100
0.1 0.105 0.11 0.115 0.12 0.125
t/s

Fig3. DQ frame rotating Fig 5. Plot of output voltage under stable operation
As it is shown in Figure 3, the real circuit variable XĮ is As it shown in Figure 5, the output voltage wave is 400Hz
assumed as: cosine wave under the stable operation, which is in step
with the acquired output wave.
XD A cos Zt  (1)
1
Where A is the per-unit amplitude of the sine wave, f is the
0.8
fundamental frequency of the sine wave. Xȕ is advanced XĮ
0.6
Ud/V

90°, so it is can be noted as:

0.4
D

X E A cos Zt  90 
 A sin Zt  (2) 0.2
0
The transformation matrix and the reverse matrix for the Įȕ -0.2
0.1 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18
frame to the dq frame are shown as equation (3) and (4): t/s 
Fig 6. Plot of Ud under stable operation

3482 2015 27th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC)

 Through the simulation results under normal operation and
1
the load plus operation, not only does the proposed control
0.8
scheme can track the output signal without steady state
0.6

Uq/V
error, but it also has good property of the output.
0.4
0.2
5 EXPERIMENT VALIDATION
0
-0.2
0.1 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14
t/s
0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 In order to further prove the validity of the proposed
method, Using TMS320F28335 DSP as main control chip,
Fig 7. Plot of Uq under stable operation
a single phase full bridge inverter prototype is made. The
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the per-unit voltage of
input voltage Vdc=110V, which is obtained from the ac
Ud after dq transform is little changed at 1V, and the Uq is
voltage rectified. The filter inductance L=0.18mH, the filter
little changed at 0V, which is consistent with the equation
capacitance C=20ȝF. The experiments under the normal
(5) described.
condition and the load plus condition are conducted, the
100
output voltage waveform are obtained as shown in Figure
50 12 and Figure 13.
u/v

-50

-100
0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16
t/s
Fig 8. Plot of voltage after plus the load

1
0.8
0.6
Ud/V

0.4
0.2

0 Fig.12 Plot of output voltage under stable operation
-0.2
0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18
t/s 
Fig 9. Plot of Ud after plus the load

1
0.8
0.6
Uq/V

0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
0.12 0.13 0.14
t/s 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18

Fig 10. Plot of Uq after plus the load
As it shown in Figure 8 to Figure 10, the output voltage and
the dq components existed short time undulate, but they
restore quickly. This results verify the reliability of the
proposed control scheme. Figure 11 shows the THD of the 
output voltage wave after plus the load on the system.
Fig.13 Plot of voltage after plus the load

As it shown in Figure 12,under the normal condition, the

Fig 11. The harmonic distortion rate of output voltage after plus
the load
As it shown in Figure 11, the waveform harmonic distortion
of the fundamental frequency of 400Hz is 3.18%, which
verifies the high sine degrees of the output waveform.
frequency of the output voltage waveform is 400Hz, which
is consistant with the required output voltage. Plus the load
on the system, the system is around 30ms quickly returned
to normal as it is shown in Figure 13. It can be seen that not
only does the proposed control scheme can track the ac
signal without steady error, but it also has good output
property.

2015 27th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC) 3483

6 CONCLUSIONS
The method of BETA data constructed based on lead signal
is proposed in this paper. On this basis, the double closed
loop PI control based on dq transform is presented, and then
applied to the 400Hz inverter power control system. The
simulation and experiment results verify the correctness
and the rationalization of the proposed method, which can
enrich the variety of the control algorithm of the inverter
power and can provide a reference to the research of the
inverter power system in the future. In conclusion, the
method makes a certain foundation for the inverter power
of the practical application.
REFERENCES
3484 2015 27th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC)
[1] C. Liu, C. Sun, W. Hu, Proportional-resonant controller of
high power 400Hz inverter in stationary frame, Electrical
Machines and Systems, International Conference on IEEE,
1772-1777, 2008.
[2] M. J. Ryan, R. D. Lorenz, A synchronous-frame controller
for a single-phase sine wave inverter, Applied Power
Electronics Conference and Exposition, 813-819, 1977.
[3] A. Roshan, R. Burgos, A. C. Baisden, et al, A DQ frame
controller for a full-bridge single phase inverter used in
small distributed power generation systems, Applied Power
Electronics Conference, 641-647, 2007.
[4] R. Zhang, M. Cardinal, Szczesny P, et al, A grid simulator
with control of single-phase power converters in DQ
rotating frame, Power Electronics Specialists Conference,
1431-1436,2002.