Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Maclagan (1998) may be viewed as a process in which managers take responsibility for identifying and accommodating the interests
of those affected by the organization’s actions
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World Businesss Council The commitment of business to contribute to sustainable economic development, working with employees, their
for Sustainable families, the local community, and society at large to improve their quality of life
Development (1999)
Khoury et al. is the overall relationship of the corporation with all of its stakeholders. These include customers, employees,
communities, owners/investors, government, suppliers and competitors. Elements of social responsibility include
(1999)
investment in community outreach, employee relations, creation and maintenance of employment, environmental
stewardship and financial performance
Business for social Operating a business in a manner that meets or exceeds the ethical, legal, commercial and public expectations that
responsibility society has of business
(2000)
Marsden Is about the core behavior of companies and the responsibility for their total impact on the societies in which they
operate. CSR is not an optional add-on nor is it an act of philanthropy. A socially responsible corporation is one that
(2001)
runs a profitable business that takes into account of all the positive and negative environmental, social and economic
effects it has on society
European Commission a concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their
interactions with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis
(2001)
McWilliams and Siegel actions that appear to further some social good, beyond the interests of the firm and that which is required by law
(2001)
CSR Europe the way in which a company manages and improves its social and environmental impact to generate value for both
its shareholders and its stakeholders by innovating its strategy, organization and operations
(2003)
Kotler and Lee a commitment to improve community well-being through discretionary business practices and contributions of
corporate resources
(2005)
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Barnett (2007) a discretionary allocation of corporate resources to improving social welfare that serves as a means of enhancing
relationships with key stakeholders
ISO 26000 (2010) Is the responsibility of an organization for the impacts of its decisions and activities on society and the environment,
through transparent and ethical behaviour that:
- contributes to sustainable development, including health and the welfare of society;
- takes into account the expectations of stakeholders;
- is in compliance with applicable law and consistent with international norms of behaviour; and
- is integrated throughout the organization and practiced in its relationships
European Commission is the responsibility of enterprises for their impacts on society. Respect for applicable legislation, and for collective
agreements between social partners, is a prerequisite for meeting that responsibility. To fully meet their corporate
(2011)
social responsibility, enterprises should have in place a process to integrate social, environmental, ethical, human
rights and consumer concerns into their business operations and core strategy in close collaboration with their
stakeholders
Aguinis (2011) context-specific organizational actions and policies that account for stakeholders’ expectations and the triple bottom
line of economic, social, and environmental performance
Scherer and Palazzo In a nutshell, political CSR suggests an extended model of governance with business firms contributing to global
(2011) regulation and providing public goods. It goes beyond the instrumental view on politics in order to develop a new
understanding of global politics where private actors such as corporations and civil society organizations play an
active role in the democratic regulation and control of market transactions.