Software Verification

PROGRAM NAME: ETABS

REVISION NO.: 0

EXAMPLE BS 8110-97 Wall-002

P-M INTERACTION CHECK FOR A WALL

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The Demand/Capacity ratio for a given axial load and moment are tested in this
example. A reinforced concrete wall is subjected to a factored axial load Pu =
8368 kN and moments Muy = 11967 kN-m. This wall is reinforced as noted
below. The design capacity ratio is checked by hand calculations and the results
are compared with ETABS program results.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

EXAMPLE BS 8110-97 Wall-002 - 1

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS
REVISION NO.: 0

Material Properties Section Properties Design Properties

E= 25000 MPa tb = 200 mm f ′c = 30 MPa

ν= 0.2 H = 2500 mm fy = 460 MPa
d= 2400 mm
s= 460 mm
As1= As5 = 4-35M+2-20M (4600 mm^2)
As2, As3, As4, As5 = 2-20M (600 mm^2)

TECHNICAL FEATURES OF ETABS TESTED

 Wall flexural demand/capacity ratio

RESULTS COMPARISON
Independent results are hand calculated and compared with ETABS design
check.

Percent
Output Parameter ETABS Independent Difference

Wall Demand/Capacity Ratio 1.001 1.00 0.10%

COMPUTER FILE: BS 8110-97 WALL-002

CONCLUSION
The ETABS results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results.

EXAMPLE BS 8110-97 Wall-002 - 2

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS
REVISION NO.: 0

HAND CALCULATION

Wall Strength Determined as follows:

1) A value of e = 1430 mm was determined using e = M u / Pu where M u and Pu were

taken from the ETABS test model PMM interaction diagram for pier P1. Values for
M u and Pu were taken near the balanced condition and large enough to produce a
flexural D/C ratio very close to or equal to one. The depth to the neutral axis, c, was
determined by iteration using an excel spreadsheet so that equations 1 and 2 below
were equal.

2) From the equation of equilibrium:

Pn = Cc + Cs − T

where
Cc =Ccw +Ccf , where Ccw and Ccf are the area of the concrete web and flange in
compression
0.67
= Ccw fcu • 200 • ( a − 200 )
γm
0.67
Ccf = fcu ( 200 • 2500 )
γm
As′1  0.67  As′2  0.67  As′3  0.67 
Cs =  fs1 − fc′  +  fs 2 − fc′  +  fs 3 − fc′ 
γs  γm  γs  γm  γs  γm 
A A A
T = s4 f s4 + s5 f s5 + s6 f s6
γs γs γs
0.67 0.67 A′  0.67 
=Pn1 fcu • 200 • ( a − 200 ) + fcu ( 200 • 2500 ) + s1  fs1 − fc′ 
γm γm γs  γm 
(Eqn. 1)
As′2  0.67  As′3  0.67  As 4 As 5 As 6
+  fs 2 − fc′  +  fs 3 − fc′  − fs 4 + fs 5 + fs 6
γs  γm  γs  γm  γs γs γs

EXAMPLE BS 8110-97 Wall-002 - 3

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS
REVISION NO.: 0

3) Taking moments about As6:

  a −tf  
1 Ccf ( d − d ′ ) + Ccw  d − −tf  + Cs1 ( d − d ′ ) + Cs 2 ( 4 s ) 
Pn 2 =   2   (Eqn. 2)
e′  
 +Cs 3 ( 3s ) − Ts 4 ( 2 s ) − Ts 5 ( s ) 

As1  0.67  Asn  0.67  Asn  0.67 

=
where Cs1  f s1 − f c′=
 ; Csn  f sn − f c′=
 ; Tsn  f sn − f c′ 
γs  γm  γs  γm  γs  γm 
and the bar strains and stresses are determined below.

The plastic centroid is at the center of the section and d ′′ = 1150 mm

e′ =e + d ′′ =1430 + 1150 =2580 mm.

4) Using c = 1160 mm (from iteration),

a=β1c =0.9 •1160 =1044 mm

5) Assuming the extreme fiber strain equals 0.0035 and c = 1160 mm, the steel stresses
and strains can be calculated. When the bar strain exceeds the yield strain, then
fs = f y :
 c−d '
ε s1 =  0.0035 = 0.00320; f s =
ε s E ≤ Fy ; f s1 = 460 MPa
 c 
c−s−d '
εs 2 =  0.0035 = 0.00181 f s 2 = 362.0 MPa
 c 
 c − 2s − d ' 
εs3 =   0.0035 = 0.00042 f s 3 = 84.4 MPa
 c 
 d − c − 2s 
=εs 4   εs6 = 0.00097 f s 4 = 193.2 MPa
 d −c 
 d −c−s 
=εs5   εs6 = 0.00235 f s 5 = 460.00 MPa
 d −c 
 d −c 
εs6 =   0.0035 = 0.00374 f s 6 = 460.00 MPa
 c 

EXAMPLE BS 8110-97 Wall-002 - 4

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS
REVISION NO.: 0

Substituting in Eqn. 1 and 2 and iterating the value of the neutral axis depth until the
two equations are equal give

Pn1 = 8368 kN
Pn2 = 8368 kN

M=
n P=
ne 8368(1430) /1000 = 11,967 kN-m

EXAMPLE BS 8110-97 Wall-002 - 5