Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Prof. M. M. Ghangrekar
Questions
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Questions
2. What are the possible adverse effects when untreated or partially treated sewage
is discharged to the environment?
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Questions
2. Describe merits and drawback of separate system, partially separate system and
combined system.
3. What are the considerations while finalizing the type of sewerage system?
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4. What are the advantages and drawback of the circular section sewers?
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Questions
2. The population data for a town is given below. Find out the population in the
year 2021, 2031 and 2041 by (a) arithmetical (b) geometric (c) incremental
increase methods.
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Questions
3. Explain critical rainfall duration. Why rainfall of this duration will generate
maximum runoff?
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Questions
1. A 900 m long storm sewer collects water from a catchment area of 40 hectares,
where 35% area is covered by roof (C=0.9), 20% area by pavements (C=0.8) and
45% area is covered by open plots (C=0.15). Determine the average intensity of
rainfall and diameter of storm water drain. Assume the time of entry = 3 min;
velocity at full flow = 1.45 m/sec; gradient of sewer = 0.001, and roughness
coefficient = 0.013. The intensity of rainfall, cm/h = 75/(t + 5).
5. Find the gradient required in sewer of 0.5 m diameter to maintain self cleansing
velocity at flow full condition.
6. Write short notes on laying of sewer pipes. What hydraulic tests are conducted
on the sewers?
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Questions
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Questions
3. Write short notes on pumps used in sewage pumping and capacity of pumps
required to be installed at pumping stations.
5. Describe the criteria for selection of site for pumping station. What are the
facilities/accessories required in the pumping station?
6. Describe different types of pumping stations and the types of pumps used in
each. What is the basis for deciding the capacity of the wet well?
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Questions
2. What are the adverse effects on the receiving water body when these
pollutants are discharged in water along with effluents?
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Questions
3. Draw a curve for BOD exerted and remaining with respect to time for organic
wastewater and derive mathematical expression for both.
4. Why only about 60% BOD is satisfied during BOD test determination, whereas
during actual wastewater treatment in aerobic process more than 90% of BOD can
be removed during 5 to 6 hours of retention time in biological reactor?
5. BOD of a sewage incubated for 3 days at 27oC was measured 110 mg/L.
Calculate BOD5 at 20oC. Consider k = 0.23 per day (base e) and temperature
coefficient =1.047.
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Questions
Find critical DO deficit and DO in the river after one day. The average velocity of
flow in the stream after mixing of wastewater is 0.18 m/sec.
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Questions
2. What are the factors that are responsible for changing characteristics of sewage
from place to place?
3. What are the pollutants that should be removed before the sewage is considered
safe for discharging back to water body?
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Questions
3. With schematic describe how double chamber bar screen channels can be
arranged? For what discharge each of them will be designed?
5. Determine head loss through a bar screen when it is 50% clogged. The approach
velocity of wastewater in the channel is 0.6 m/sec, velocity of flow through the
clear rack is 0.8 m/sec. Clear opening area in the screen is 0.2 m2. Consider flow
coefficient for clogged bar rack as 0.6.
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Questions
4. Design a rectangular grit chamber and square grit chamber for treatment of
sewage with average flow of 8.5 MLD and peak flow factor of 2.25.
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Questions
5. Design circular and rectangular PST for treatment of 4 MLD of average sewage
flow with peaking factor of 2.
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Questions
2. What will be ideal location for the equalization basin in wastewater treatment
plant? Give justification for suggested location.
3. Draw schematic of the skimming tank and explain the purpose of providing it
and how removal of pollutant occurs in this tank.
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Questions
2. With the help of figure explain how the rate of metabolism and hence the growth
phase will vary with changes in food to microorganisms ratio in case of
continuously feed biological reactor.
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Questions
2. Explain hindered settling. How the area required for sedimentation is worked
out on the single batch test result?
5. Design secondary sedimentation tank for the industrial effluent treatment plant
employing completely mixed ASP. The MLVSS in aeration tank is 3500 mg/L
and average annual wastewater flow rate is 500 m3/d. However in summer the
wastewater generation is 1.5 times the annual average. Consider MLVSS/MLSS =
0.8.
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Questions
1. What are the means by which the nuisance conditions associated with untreated
sludge can be eliminated?
4. Why it is necessary to digest the sludge generated from sewage treatment plant
before disposal?
9. Design a low rate digester for waste sewage sludge generated from aerobic
secondary treatment of sewage generated from 40000 persons. The fresh sludge
has 0.13 kg dry solids/capita.day (VS = 70 % of ds). The dry solids (ds) is 5% of
the sludge and specific gravity is 1.01. During digestion 2/3 of VS are destroyed
and fixed solids are remaining unchanged. The digested sludge has 6% ds and a
wet specific gravity is 1.03. Operating temperature of digester is 320C for which
the digestion time of 25 days is required. Consider sludge storage time of 50 days.
Determine the digester volume required. 10. Design a sludge drying bed for drying
400 m3/d of sewage sludge. Provide detail specifications for the bed.
11. Describe various options available for final disposal of the dewatered sludge.
12. Design high rate digester for ASP for a city of total population of 30000
generating sewage. The feed to the digester (primary and secondary sludge) is 56.1
m3/day for the operating temperature of 34oC. Determine the volume of the
digester.
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Questions
2. Design a septic tank for the group housing scheme of total population of 300
persons. The probable peak discharge will be 720 L/min. Also design a soil
absorption system for the disposal of septic tank effluent considering the average
percolation rate of 6 mm/min.
3. Describe septic tank. State advantages and disadvantages of the septic tank.
4. Describe pit privy and aqua privy. Under what circumstances they will be used?
5. Where bore hole latrines will be used? Explain the construction features of these
types of latrines.
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