QS 015/1

Matriculation Programme
Examination
Semester 1
Session 2012/2013

Chow Choon Wooi

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

1. Find the value of x which satisfies the equation

(5 − ) − ( − 2) = 3 − (1 + )

2. Determine the solution set of the inequality

1 1
<
2 −1 +2

3. Given + 2, − 4, − 7 are the first three terms of a geometric series. Determine the
value of . Hence, find the sum to infinity of the series.

4. Given a complex number = 1 − √3 . Determine the value of if = ̅

.

3 −1
5. (a) Matrix M is given as . Show that =7 − 8 , where I is the 2 x 2
−4 4
identity matrix. Deduce that = − .

+1 −1 1
(b) Given matrix = 3 2 4 and | | = 27. Find the value of , where
−1 0 +2
is an integer.

6. The functions and are defined as ( ) = , ≠ 2 and ( ) = 3 − .

(a) Find ( ) and ( ).

(b) Evaluate ( ⃘ )(3).

(c) If ( ⃘ )( ) = , find the value of .

7. (a) Solve | − − 3| = 3.

(b) Find the solution set of the inequality < 4.

8. The first four terms of a binomial expansion (1 + ) is

1
1+ − + +⋯
2

Find

(a) the values of a and n where ≠ 0.

Chow Choon Wooi Page 2

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

(b) the value of p Hence, by substituting = , show that is approximately

equal to .

9. Given ( ) = ln(2 + 3) and ( ) = .

(a) Show that ( ) is a one-to-one function algebraically.

(b) Find ( ⃘ )( ) and ( ⃘ )( ). Hence, state the conclusion about the results.

(c) Sketch the graphs of ( ) and ( ) on the same axes. Hence, state the
domain and range of ( ).

10. Given
2 2 3
= 1 5 4
3 1 4

(a) Find the determinant of matrix .

(b) Find the minor, cofactor and adjoint of matrix .

(c) Given ( ( )) = | | where is 3 x 3 identity matrix, show that

=| ( ). Hence, find .
|

(d) By using in part ( ), solve the following simultaneous equations.

2 + 2 + 3 = 49
+ 5 + 4 = 74
3 + + 4 = 49

END OF QUESTION PAPER

Chow Choon Wooi Page 3

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

1. Find the value of x which satisfies the equation

(5 − ) − ( − 2) = 3 − (1 + )

SOLUTION

(5 − ) − ( − 2) = 3 − (1 + )
(5 − )
=3− (1 + )
( − 2)
( )
( )
+ (1 + ) = 3
= → =
(5 − )(1 + )
=3
( − 2)
(5 − )(1 + )
=2
( − 2)
(5 − )(1 + )
=8
( − 2)
(5 − )(1 + ) = 8( − 2)
5+5 − − = 8 − 16
5+4 − = 8 − 16
0= + 8 − 4 − 16 − 5
+ 8 − 4 − 16 − 5 = 0
+ 4 − 21 = 0
( + 7)( − 3) = 0
( + 7) = 0 or ( − 3) = 0
= −7 or =3

Checking
(5 − ) − ( − 2) = 3 − (1 + )

When = −7
[5 − (−7)] − (−7 − 2) = 3 − (1 − 7)
≠ −7

When =3
(5 − 3) − (3 − 2) = 3 − (1 + 3)
(2) − (1) = 3 − (4)
1−0=3−2
1 = 1√

∴ =3

Chow Choon Wooi Page 4

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

2. Determine the solution set of the inequality

1 1
<
2 −1 +2

SOLUTION

1 1
<
2 −1 +2

1 1
− <0
2 −1 +2

1( + 2) − 1(2 − 1)
<0
(2 − 1)( + 2)

+2−2 +1
<0
(2 − 1)( + 2)

− +3
<0
(2 − 1)( + 2)

− +3=0 2 −1=0 +2=0

=3 = = −2

1 1
(−∞, −2) −2, ,3 (3, ∞)
2 2
− +3 + + + -

2 −1 - - + +

+2 - + + +
− +3
(2 − 1)( + 2)
+ - + -

1
∴ ℎ −2, ∪ (3, ∞)
2

Chow Choon Wooi Page 5

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

3. Given + 2, − 4, − 7 are the first three terms of a geometric series. Determine the
value of . Hence, find the sum to infinity of the series.

SOLUTION

+ 2, − 4, − 7 …

−4 −7
=
+2 −4

( − 4)( − 4) = ( − 7)( + 2)

− 4 − 4 + 16 = + 2 − 7 − 14

− 8 + 16 = − 5 − 14

16 + 14 = −5 + 8

3 = 30

= 10

When = 10 , the sequence is

10 + 2, 10 − 4, 10 − 7 …

12, 6, 3 …

= 12, = =

=
1−

12
=
1
1− 2

12
=
1
2

= 24

Chow Choon Wooi Page 6

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

4. Given a complex number = 1 − √3 . Determine the value of if = ̅

.

SOLUTION

= 1 − √3 ̅ = 1 + √3

1
=
̅

1
1 − √3 =
1 + √3

1 − √3 1 − √3 =
1 + √3

1 − 2√3 + 3 =
1 + √3

1 − 2√3 + 3(−1) =
1 + √3

1 − 2√3 − 3 =
1 + √3

−2 − 2√3 =
1 + √3

−2 + 2√3 =
1 + √3

= −2 + 2√3 1 + √3

= −2 − 2√3 + 2√3 + 6

= −2 + 6(−1)

= −8

Chow Choon Wooi Page 7

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

3 −1
5. (a) Matrix is given as . Show that =7 − 8 , where is the 2 x 2
−4 4
identity matrix. Deduce that = − .

+1 −1 1
(b) Given matrix = 3 2 4 and | | = 27. Find the value of , where
−1 0 +2
is an integer.

SOLUTION

5(a)
3 −1
=
−4 4

3 −1 3 −1
=
−4 4 −4 4

9+4 −3 − 4
=
−12 − 16 4 + 16

13 −7
=
−28 20

3 −1 1 0
7 −8 = 7 −8
−4 4 0 1

21 −7 8 0
7 −8 = −
−28 28 0 8

13 −7
7 −8 =
−28 20

∴ =7 −8

=7 −8

−7 = −8

( − 7 ) = −8

1
=− ( −7 )
8

1 7
=− +
8 8

7 1
= −
8 8

Chow Choon Wooi Page 8

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

5(b)

+ 1 −1 1
= 3 2 4
−1 0 +2

| | = 27

2 4 3 4 3 2
| | = +( + 1) − (−1) + (1)
0 +2 −1 +2 −1 0

| | = +( + 1)[(2 + 4) − (0)] + [(3 + 6) − (−4)] + [(0) − (−2)]

| | = ( + 1)(2 + 4) + (3 + 6 + 4) + 2

| |=2 +4 +2 +4+3 +6+4+2

| |=2 + 9 + 16

2 + 9 + 16 = 27

2 + 9 − 11 = 0

(2 + 11)( − 1) = 0

=− =1

Since is an integer, ∴ =1

Chow Choon Wooi Page 9

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

6. The functions and are defined as ( ) = , ≠ 2 and ( ) = 3 − .

(a) Find ( ) and ( ).

(b) Evaluate ( ⃘ )(3).

(c) If ( ⃘ )( ) = , find the value of .

SOLUTION

6(a)
3 +4 ( )=3−
( )=
−2
=3−
3 +4
=
−2 =3−

( − 2) = 3 + 4 ( )=3−

−2 =3 +4

−3 =4+2

( − 3) = 4 + 2

4+2
=
−3

4+2
( )=
−3

6(b)

( )= ( )=

( )=3− ( )=3−

( ⃘ )( ) = [ ( )]

= [3 − ]

3(3 − ) + 4
=
(3 − ) − 2

Chow Choon Wooi Page 10

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

9−3 +4
=
3− −2

13 − 3
=
1−

13 − 3(3)
( ⃘ )(3) =
1 − (3)

13 − 9
( ⃘ )(3) =
−2

( ⃘ )(3) = −2

6(c)

( )= ( )=

( )=3− ( )=3−

2
( ⃘ )( ) =
3

( ⃘ )( ) = [ ( )]

4+2
=
−3

4+2
=3−
−3

4+2 2
3− =
−3 3

4+2 2
=3−
−3 3

4+2 7
=
−3 3

3(4 + 2 ) = 7( − 3)

12 + 6 = 7 − 21

= 33

Chow Choon Wooi Page 11

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

7. (a) Solve | − − 3| = 3.

(b) Find the solution set of the inequality < 4.

SOLUTION

7(a)

| − − 3| = 3

− −3 = 3 or − − 3 = −3

− −6 = 0 or − =0

( − 3)( + 2) = 0 or ( − 1) = 0

=3 = −2 or =0 =1

7(b)

2 +9 −4
<4
+2

2 +9 −4
−4<0
+2

(2 + 9 − 4) − 4( + 2)
<0
+2

2 +9 −4−4 −8
<0
+2

2 + 5 − 12
<0
+2

(2 − 3)( + 4)
<0
+2

2 −3=0 +4=0 +2=0

= = −4 = −2

Chow Choon Wooi Page 12

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

3 3
(−∞, −4) (−4, −2) −2, ,∞
2 2
2 −3 - - - +

+4 - + + +

+2 - - + +
(2 − 3)( + 4)
- + - +
+2

3
∴ ℎ solution set : < −4 ∪ −2 < <
2

Chow Choon Wooi Page 13

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

8. The first four terms of a binomial expansion (1 + ) is

1
1+ − + +⋯
2

Find

(a) the values of a and n where ≠ 0.

(b) the value of p Hence, by substituting = , show that is approximately

equal to .

SOLUTION

8(a)

Given that
1
(1 + ) =1+ − + +⋯
2
From binomial expansion
( − 1) ( − 1)( − 2)
(1 + ) = 1 + ( )( ) + ( ) + ( ) +⋯
2! 3!
( − 1) ( − 1)( − 2)
(1 + ) =1+ + + +⋯
2 6

1 ( − 1) ( − 1)( − 2)
1+ − + +⋯=1+ + + +⋯
2 2 6

Coefficient of :
= 1 ...................... (1)

Coefficient of :
( − 1) 1 =1
=−
2 2
( − 1) = −1
( − 1) = −1
( − 1) = −1 ................(2)

( ) ( )
=
( )

( − 1)
= −1

−1=−

2 =1

Chow Choon Wooi Page 14

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

1
=
2
From (1)
=1

1
=1
2

=2

8(b)

Compare coefficient of :

( − 1)( − 2)
=
6

1 1 1
2 2 − 1 2 − 2 (2) =
6
1 1 3
2 − 2 − 2 (8)
=
6

24
=6
8

6 =3

1
=
2

1 1
(1 + 2 ) = 1 + − + +⋯
2 2

When =

1 1 1 1 1 1
1+2 =1+ − + +⋯
4 4 2 4 2 4

1 1 1 1 1 1
1+ =1+ − + +⋯
2 4 2 16 2 64

3 1 1 1
≈1+ − +
2 4 32 128

Chow Choon Wooi Page 15

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

3 1(128) + 1(32) − 1(4) + 1

≈
2 128

3 157
≈
2 128

3 157
≈
2 128

Chow Choon Wooi Page 16

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

9. Given ( ) = ln(2 + 3) and ( ) = .

(a) Show that ( ) is a one-to-one function algebraically.

(b) Find ( ⃘ )( ) and ( ⃘ )( ). Hence, state the conclusion about the results.

(c) Sketch the graphs of ( ) and ( ) on the same axes. Hence, state the
domain and range of ( ).

SOLUTION

9(a)

( ) = ln(2 + 3)

( ) = ln(2 + 3)

( ) = ln(2 + 3)

Let ( ) = ( )

ln(2 + 3) = ln(2 + 3)

2 +3=2 +3

2 =2

Since = , therefore ( ) is a one-to-one function.

9(b)

( ) = ln(2 + 3), ( )=

( ⃘ )( ) = [ ( )]

−3
=
2

−3
= ln 2 +3
2

= ln[ − 3 + 3]

Chow Choon Wooi Page 17

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

= ln[ ]

( ⃘ )( ) = [ ( )] =
( )
=2 +3
= [ (2 + 3)]

( )
−3
=
2

(2 + 3) − 3
=
2

Conclusion
Since  ( ) =  ( ) = , therefore ( ) = ( ) and ( ) = ( ).

9(c)
3 y
=−
2
( )

( )

3
=−
2

− ,∞ (−∞, ∞)

Chow Choon Wooi Page 18

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

10. Given
2 2 3
= 1 5 4
3 1 4

(a) Find the determinant of matrix .

(b) Find the minor, cofactor and adjoint of matrix .

(c) Given ( ( )) = | | where is 3 x 3 identity matrix, show that

=| ( ). Hence, find .
|

(d) By using in part ( ), solve the following simultaneous equations.

2 + 2 + 3 = 49
+ 5 + 4 = 74
3 + + 4 = 49

SOLUTION

10(a)

2 2 3
= 1 5 4
3 1 4

| | = (2) 5 4 1 4 1 5
− (2) + (3)
1 4 3 4 3 1

= (2)(20 − 4) − (2)(4 − 12) + (3)(1 − 15)

= (2)(16) − (2)(−8) + (3)(−14)

= 32 + 16 − 42

=6

10(b)

5 4 1 4 1 5
⎡1 4 3 4 3 1⎤
⎢2 3 2 3 2 2 ⎥⎥
, =⎢
⎢1 4 3 4 3 1⎥
⎢2 3 2 3 2 2⎥
⎣5 4 1 4 1 5⎦
(20 − 4) (4 − 12) (1 − 15)
= (8 − 3) (8 − 9) (2 − 6)
(8 − 15) (8 − 3) (10 − 2)

Chow Choon Wooi Page 19

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

16 −8 −14
= 5 −1 −4
−7 5 8

+ − +
, = − + −
+ − +

+(16) −(−8) +(−14)

= −(5) +(−1) −(−4)
+(−7) −(5) +(8)

16 8 −14
= −5 −1 4
−7 −5 8

, =

16 8 −14
= −5 −1 4
−7 −5 8

16 −5 −7
= 8 −1 −5
−14 4 8

10(c)

( =
( )) = | |

( ( )) = | |

( ( )) = | |

( ( )) = | |

| |=( ( ))

1
= ( ( ))
| |

1 16 −5 −7
= 8 −1 −5
6
−14 4 8

Chow Choon Wooi Page 20

PSPM 1 QS 015/1 Session 2012/2013

16 −5 −7
⎡ ⎤
⎢ 6 6 6⎥
8 −1 −5⎥
=⎢
⎢ 6 6 6⎥
⎢−14 4 8⎥
⎣ 6 6 6⎦

8 −5 −7
⎡ ⎤
⎢3 6 6⎥
4 −1 −5⎥
=⎢
⎢3 6 6⎥
⎢−7 2 4⎥
⎣3 3 3⎦

10(d)
=
2 + 2 + 3 = 49 =
+ 5 + 4 = 74
3 + + 4 = 49 =

2 2 3 49 =
1 5 4 = 74
3 1 4 49

8 −5 −7 8 −5 −7
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
⎢3 6 6⎥
2 2 3 ⎢3 6 6⎥
⎢ 4 −1 −5⎥ 1 5 4 4 −1 −5⎥ 49
=⎢ 74
⎢3 6 6⎥ 3 1 4 ⎢3 6 6 ⎥ 49
⎢−7 2 4⎥ ⎢−7 2 4⎥
⎣3 3 3⎦ ⎣3 3 3⎦

8 −5 −7
⎡ ⎤
⎢3 6 6⎥
4 −1 −5⎥ 49
=⎢ 74
⎢3 6 6 ⎥ 49
⎢−7 2 4⎥
⎣3 3 3⎦

 71 
6
 73 
=  
6
1
 3 

∴ = , = , =

Chow Choon Wooi Page 21