PHILIPPINE AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING STANDARDS

(PAES)

Arsenio N. Resurreccion
CEAT, UPLB

• Development of agricultural engineering standards has not been given

due attention. The practice of agricultural engineering has always been
based on standards from the US and other countries.

• Locally, there are existing Philippine standards for selected production

and postharvest machines, engineering materials and structures.

• However, standards for irrigation and alternative energy are non-existent.

• Standards for rural electrification, domestic water supply, farm roads and
bridges are lodged in other engineering fields and not with agricultural
engineering.

• There is a need to develop our own agricultural engineering standards.

• In the late 70s, the Bureau of Product Standards (BPS) established the
Technical Committee on Machinery for Agriculture and Forestry (TC
56). TC 56 came out with six standards

• In the late 80s, TC 56 was replaced by TC 19. TC 19 came out with five
standards

• In 1992, the Consumer Act of the Philippines (RA 7394) was enacted
identifying standards development to three agencies:

Department of Agriculture: agricultural products including

machinery
Department of Health: drugs, cosmetics, devices and
substances
Department of Trade and Industry: others not covered by the two
agencies
 2

• In 2001, the Department of Agriculture issued AO 11 on Implementation

of the National Agriculture and Fisheries Mechanization Program which
stated, among others:

AMTEC, in partnership with PSAE and other concerned agencies, shall

be charged with the formulation and development of the official
agriculture and fisheries machinery standards.

• AMTEC implemented a series of projects on the development of the

Philippine Agricultural Engineering Standards (PAES).

• Up to 2006, breakdown of standards developed:

Production Postharvest Engineering Agricultural

General TOTAL
Machinery Machinery Materials Structures
PAES I 15 11 6 3 35
PAES II 8 - 7 10 25
PAES III 7 - 7 8 22
PAES IV 10 11 - - 21
PAES V 3 6 8 - - 14
TOTAL 3 46 30 20 21 120
 3

• Flowchart of standards development:

Preparation of Draft Standards

(Secretariat)

Review & Modification of Draft Standards

(Technical Committee)

Circulation & Public Hearing of Draft Standards

(Secretariat and NAFC)

Finalization of Draft Standards

(Secretariat)

Recommend adoption of Draft Standards Recommend adoption of Draft Standards

(NAFC) (PSAE)

Adoption of PAES Adoption of PAES

(DA) (BOAE-PRC)

Publication
(Secretariat)
 4

• Adoption of standards:

STANDARDS DA BOAE-PRC
PAES I AO 10 Series of 2002 BR 05 Series of 2002
PAES II AO 06 Series of 2003 BR 01 Series of 2003
PAES III AO 11 Series of 2003 BR 02 Series of 2003
PAES IV AO 05 Series of 2005 BR 01 Series of 2005
PAES V AO 07 Series of 2006 BR 02 Series of 2006

• DA adoption of standards:

Require all offices of the DA to adopt and comply with the

standards as Philippine Agricultural Engineering Standards.

• PRC adoption of standards:

Adopt PAES as a Code of Technical Standards of Agricultural

Engineering, and shall serve as technical reference by all
agricultural engineers in the signing and sealing of plans,
designs and specifications, and other related works in the
practice of their profession.
 5

• Publication of standards:

PAES Volume I PAES Volume II

PAES Volume III PAES Volume IV

PAES CD 1st Edition PAES CD 2nd Edition

 6

LIST of STANDARDS DEVELOPED

I. General

PAES Number PAES Title

1. PAES 010-1:2005 Formulation of PAES: Part 1 - General
2. PAES 010-2:2005 Formulation of PAES: Part 2 – Rules for Structuring
3. PAES 020:2005 Metrication Guidelines

II. Agricultural Machinery:

A. Production Machinery:

PAES Number PAES Title

Agricultural Machinery – Technical Means for
1. PAES 101:2000
Ensuring Safety – General
Agricultural Machinery – Operator’s Manual –
2. PAES 102:2000
Content and Presentation
3. PAES 103:2000 Agricultural Machinery – Method of Sampling
Agricultural Machinery – Location and Method of
4. PAES 104:2000 Operation of Operator’s Controls – Control for
Agricultural Tractors and Machinery
Agricultural Machinery – Symbols for Operator’s
5. PAES 105:2000
Controls and Other Displays – Common symbols
Agricultural Machinery – Soil Tillage and
6. PAES 106:2000
Equipment – Terminology
Agricultural Machinery – Hitch for Walking-Type
7. PAES 107:2000
Agricultural Tractor – Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Hexagonal Axle and Hub
8. PAES 108:2000 for Walking-Type Agricultural Tractor –
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Walking-Type
9. PAES 109:2000 Agricultural Tractor – Specifications – Part 1: Pull-
type
Agricultural Machinery – Walking-Type
10. PAES 110:2001 Agricultural Tractor – Specifications – Part 2:
Rotary tilling-type
Agricultural Machinery – Walking-Type
11. PAES 111:2000
Agricultural Tractor – Methods of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Lever-Operated Manual
12. PAES 112:2000
Knapsack Sprayer – Specifications
 7

PAES Number PAES Title

Agricultural Machinery – Lever-Operated Manual
13. PAES 113:2000
Knapsack Sprayer – Methods of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Centrifugal Pump –
14. PAES 114:2000
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Centrifugal Pump –
15. PAES 115:2000
Methods of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Small Engine –
16. PAES 116:2001
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Small Engine – Methods
17. PAES 117:2001
of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Four Wheel Tractor –
18. PAES 118:2001
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Four Wheel Tractor –
19. PAES 119:2001
Methods of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Disc Harrow –
20. PAES 120:2001
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Disc Plow –
21. PAES 121:2001
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Seeder and Planter –
22. PAES 122:2001
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Seeder and Planter –
23. PAES 123:2001
Methods of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Walking-Type
24. PAES 124:2002 Agricultural Tractor – Specifications Part 3:
(Floating Tiller)
Agricultural Machinery – Sprinkler Head –
25. PAES 125:2002
Specifications Part 1: Rotating Impact-Driven Type
Agricultural Machinery – Rotating Sprinkler Head –
26. PAES 126:2002
Methods of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Drilling Rigs –
27. PAES 127:2002
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Drilling Rigs – Methods
28. PAES 128:2002
of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Electric Motor –
29. PAES 129:2002
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Electric Motor – Methods
30. PAES 130:2002
of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Moldboard Plow –
31. PAES 131:2004
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Disc/Moldboard Plow –
32. PAES 132:2004
Methods of Test
 8

PAES Number PAES Title

Agricultural Machinery – Disc Harrow – Methods
33. PAES 133:2004
of Test
34. PAES 134:2004 Agricultural Machinery – Furrower – Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Furrower – Methods of
35. PAES 135:2004
Test
Agricultural Machinery – Agricultural Trailer –
36. PAES 136:2004
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Agricultural Trailer –
37. PAES 137:2004
Methods of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Guidelines on After-Sales
38. PAES 138:2004
Service – Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Roll-Over Protective
39. PAES 139:2004
Structure (ROPS) – Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Roll-Over Protective
40. PAES 140:2004
Structure (ROPS) – Methods of Test
41. PAES 141:2004 Agricultural Machinery – Weeder – Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Weeder – Methods of
42. PAES 142:2004
Test

B. Postharvest Machinery:

PAES Number PAES Title

Agricultural Machinery – Heated-air Mechanical
1. PAES 201:2000
Grain Dryer – Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Heated-air Mechanical
2. PAES 202:2000
Grain Dryer – Methods of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Moisture Content
3. PAES 203:2000
Determination for Rice and Corn
Agricultural Machinery – Mechanical Rice Thresher
4. PAES 204:2000
– Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Mechanical Rice Thresher
5. PAES 205:2000
– Methods of Test
6. PAES 206:2000 Agricultural Machinery – Rice Mill – Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Rice Mill – Methods of
7. PAES 207:2000
Test
Agricultural Machinery – Power-operated Corn
8. PAES 208:2000
Sheller – Specifications
9. PAES 209:2000 Agricultural Machinery – Power-operated Corn
 9

PAES Number PAES Title

Sheller – Methods of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Corn Mill –
10. PAES 210:2000
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Corn Mill – Methods of
11. PAES 211:2000
Test
Agricultural Machinery – Rice Reaper –
12. PAES 212:2004
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Rice Reaper – Methods of
13. PAES 213:2004
Test
Agricultural Machinery – Rubber Roll for Rice Mill
14. PAES 214:2004
– Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Rubber Roll for Rice Mill
15. PAES 215:2004
– Methods of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Hammer Mill –
16. PAES 216:2004
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Hammer Mill – Methods
17. PAES 217:2004
of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Forage Chopper –
18. PAES 218:2004
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Forage Chopper –
19. PAES 219:2004
Methods of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Peanut Sheller –
20. PAES 220:2004
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Peanut Sheller – Methods
21. PAES 221:2004
of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Chipping Machine –
22. PAES 222:2004
Specifications
Agricultural Machinery – Chipping Machine –
23. PAES 223:2004
Methods of Test
Agricultural Machinery – Rice Combine –
24. PAES 224:2004
Specifications
 10

III. Engineering Materials:

PAES Number PAES Title

Engineering Materials – V-Belts and Pulleys for
1. PAES 301:2000 Agricultural Machines – Specifications and
Applications
Engineering Materials – Flat belts and Pulleys for
2. PAES 302:2000 Agricultural Machines – Specifications and
Applications
Engineering Materials – Roller Chains and Sprockets
3. PAES 303:2000 for Agricultural Machines – Specifications and
Applications
Engineering Materials – Keys and Keyways for
4. PAES 304:2000 Agricultural Machines – Specifications and
Applications
Engineering Materials – Shafts for Agricultural
5. PAES 305:2000
Machines – Specifications and Applications
Engineering Materials – Spur Gears for Agricultural
6. PAES 306:2000
Machines – Specifications and Applications
Engineering Materials – Helical Gears for
7. PAES 307:2001 Agricultural Machines – Specifications and
Applications
Engineering Materials –Bevel Gears for Agricultural
8. PAES 308:2001
Machines – Specifications and Applications
Engineering Materials –Anti-friction Bearings for
9. PAES 309:2001 Agricultural Machines – Specifications and
Applications
Engineering Materials –Journal Bearings for
10. PAES 310:2001 Agricultural Machines – Specifications and
Applications
Engineering Materials – Bolts and Nuts for
11. PAES 311:2001 Agricultural Machines – Specifications and
Applications
Engineering Materials –Rivets for Agricultural
12. PAES 312:2001
Machines – Specifications and Applications
Engineering Materials – Screws for Agricultural
13. PAES 313:2000
Machines – Specifications and Applications
Engineering Materials – Washers – Specifications and
14. PAES 314:2002
Applications
Engineering Materials – Pins – Specifications and
15. PAES 315:2002
Applications
16. PAES 316:2002 Engineering Materials – Metal Bars, Pipes, and Tubes
 11

PAES Number PAES Title

– Specifications
Engineering Materials – Metal Sheets and Plates –
17. PAES 317:2002
Specifications
Engineering Materials – Clutches, Couplings, and
18. PAES 318:2002
Splines – Specifications and Applications
Engineering Materials – Engineering Plastics –
19. PAES 319:2002
Specifications and Applications
Engineering Materials – Wood-based Panels –
20. PAES 320:2002
Specifications

IV. Agricultural Structures:

PAES Number PAES Title

Agricultural Structures – Housing for Swine
1. PAES 401:2000
Production
Agricultural Structures – Housing for Broiler
2. PAES 402:2000
Production
Agricultural Structures – Housing for Layer
3. PAES 403:2000
Production
Agricultural Structures – Housing for Goat and
4. PAES 404:2001
Sheep
5. PAES 405:2001 Agricultural Structures – Cattle Feedlot
6. PAES 406:2001 Agricultural Structures – Cattle Ranch
7. PAES 407:2001 Agricultural Structures – Housing for Dairy Cattle
8. PAES 408:2001 Agricultural Structures – Carabao Feedlot
9. PAES 409:2002 Agricultural Structures – Milking Parlor
Agricultural Structures – Lairage for Swine, Small
10. PAES 410:2000
and Large Animals
Agricultural Structures – Slaughterhouse for
11. PAES 411:2000
Swine, Small and Large Animals
12. PAES 412:2002 Agricultural Structures – Poultry Dressing Plant
13. PAES 413:2001 Agricultural Structures – Biogas Plants
Agricultural Structures – Waste Management
14. PAES 414-1:2002
Structures – Part 1: Agricultural Liquid Waste
Agricultural Structures – Waste Management
15. PAES 414-2:2002 Structures – Part 2: Agricultural Solid Waste –
Composting
 12

PAES Number PAES Title

16. PAES 415:2001 Agricultural Structures – Greenhouses
Agricultural Structures – Plant Tissue Culture
17. PAES 416:2002
Laboratory
Agricultural Structures – Fruit and Vegetable
18. PAES 417:2002
Storage
Agricultural Structures – Primary Processing Plant
19. PAES 418:2002
for Fresh Fruit and Vegetable
Agricultural Structures – Warehouse for Bagged
20. PAES 419:2000
Storage of Grains
Agricultural Structures – Farm Workshop and
21. PAES 420:2002
Machinery Shed

PAES Questions

1. The acronym PAES means:

a. Philippine Agricultural Engineering Society
b. Professional Agricultural Engineering Society
c. Philippine Agricultural Engineering Standards
d. Professional Agricultural Engineering Standards
2. How many standards are now available in PAES?
a. 60 standards b. 82 standards
c. 103 standards d. 120 standards
3. The development of PAES started in:
a. 1985 b. 1990
c. 1995 d. 2000
4. PAES in the 100 series are reserved for:
a. Production machinery b. General
c. Engineering Materials d. Structures
5. Which of the following agencies does not belong to the Department of
Agriculture?

a. BPRE b. BPI
c. AMMDA d. RAEG
6. PAES in the 200 series are reserved for:
a. General b. Postharvest Machinery
d. Production Machinery d. Structures
 13

7. How many volumes of PAES were adopted by the Department of

Agriculture?

a. two b. three
c. four d. five
8. PAES in the 300 series are reserved for:
a. Production Machinery b. Postharvest Machinery
c. Engineering Materials d. Structures
9. Which of the following agencies is not based in a university?
a. AMTEC b. PhilSCAT
c. AMDP d. PCARRD
10. What section is not yet included in the PAES?
a. Production/postharvest machinery b. Irrigation and
drainage
c. agricultural structures d. engineering materials
11. PAES in the 400 series are reserved for:
a. General b. Production Machinery
c. Structures d. Engineering Materials
12. PAES for Engineering Materials consist of:
a. Specifications b. Methods of Test
c. Applications d. a and c
13. What agency is charged with the formulation and development of the
official agriculture and fisheries machinery standards?

a. AMTEC b. PhilSCAT
c. AMDP d. PCARRD
14. In 1992, the Consumer Act of the Philippines (RA 7394) was enacted
identifying standards development to which agency(ies):

a. Department of Agriculture b. Department of Health

d. Department of Trade and Industry d. All of the above
15. What agency is not charged with the adoption of the Philippine
Agricultural Engineering Standards?

a. PRC b. DA
c. DTI d. PCARRD
 14

16. PAES for production machinery consist of:

a. Specifications b. Methods of Test
c. Applications d. a and b
17. PAES for postharvest machinery consist of:
a. Specifications b. Methods of Test
b. Applications d. a and b
18. Require all offices of the DA to adopt and comply with the standards as
Philippine Agricultural Engineering Standards is the:

a. AO of DA b. BR of DA
b. AO of PRC d. BR of PRC