Piano Sonata No.

11 (Mozart)
The Piano Sonata No. 11 in A major, K. 331 / 300i, by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is a
Piano Sonata in A major
piano sonata in three movements. It is uncertain where and when Mozart composed the
sonata; however, Vienna or Salzburg around 1783 is currently thought to be most likely No. 11
(Paris and dates as far back as 1778 have also been suggested). by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

The sonata was published by Artaria in 1784, alongside Nos. 10 and 12 (K. 330 and K.
332).[1]

Contents
Structure
I. Andante grazioso The beginning
II. Menuetto Key A major
III. Alla turca
Catalogue K. 331 / 300i
Relationships to later compositions
Style Classical period
2014 autograph discovery
Composed 1783?
References
Published 1784
External links
Movements Andante grazioso, Menuetto,
Alla turca – Allegretto
Structure Play

The sonata consists of three movements:

I. Andante grazioso
II. Menuetto
III. Alla turca – Allegretto
All of the movements are in thekey of A major or A minor; therefore, the work is homotonal. A typical performance of this entire sonata takes about 20
minutes.[2]

I. Andante grazioso
Since the opening movement of this sonata is a theme and variation, Mozart defied the convention of beginning a sonata with an allegro Sound
files
movement in sonata form. The theme is a siciliana, consisting of two 8-measure sections, each repeated, a structure shared by each variation.
based
The tempo marking isAndante grazioso (walking pace, gracefully). It is in the key of A major. on MIDI
files
from
the
Mutopia
Project

II. Menuetto
The second movement of the sonata is a standardminuet and trio movement in A major. The minuet is 40 measures long, and the trio is 52.

III. Alla turca

The last movement, marked Alla turca, popularly known as the "Turkish Rondo" or "Turkish March", is often heard on its own and is one of Mozart's
best-known piano pieces.
Mozart himself titled the rondo "Alla turca".[3] It imitates the sound of Turkish Janissary bands, the music of which was much in vogue at that time.[4]
Various other works of the time imitate this Turkish style, including Mozart's own opera Die Entführung aus dem Serail. In Mozart's time, the last
movement was sometimes performed on pianos built with a Turkish
" stop", allowing it to be embellished with extra percussion ef
fects.

The third movement is arondo in the form A–B–C–D–E–C–A–B–C–coda, with each section (except the coda) being repeated.

Section A: This section, in A minor, consists of a rising sixteenth-note melody followed by a falling eighth note melody over astaccato
eighth-note accompaniment. It is eight measures long.
Section B: This section introduces new material in a melody in thirds and eighth notes before varying the A section withcrescendo
a
before falling back to piano.
Section C: A forte march in octaves over anarpeggiated chord accompaniment. The key changes to A major .
Section D: A piano continuous sixteenth note melody over a broken-chord accompaniment. This section is in F♯ minor.
Section E: A forte scale-like theme followed by a modification of section D.
Coda: A forte theme consisting mostly of chords (arpeggiated and not) and octaves. There is a brief piano restatement of the theme
in the middle of the coda. The movement ends with alternating A and ♯Coctaves followed by two A-major chords.

Relationships to later compositions

The theme of the first movement was used by Max Reger in his Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Mozart (1914) for orchestra.[5] Dave Brubeck's
"Blue Rondo à la Turk" (1959) is not based on or related to the last movement.[6]

2014 autograph discovery

In 2014, a Hungarian librarian discovered four pages of Mozart's original score (autograph) of the sonata in Budapest's National Széchényi Library.
Until then, only the last page of the autograph survived. The paper and handwriting of the four pages matched that of the final page of the score, held in
Salzburg. The original score is close to the first edition, published in 1784.[7] However, in the first movement, in bars 5 and 6 of Variation V, the rhythm
of the final eight note of the bar was altered by various editions throughout time. In the menuetto, the last quarter beat of bar 3 is a C-sharp in most
editions, but in the autograph an A is printed.[8] Zoltán Kocsis gave the first performance of the discovered score in September 2014.
[9]

References
1. Irving, John (2013). Understanding Mozart's Piano Sonatas(https://books.google.com/books?id=zuGhAgAAQBAJ&pg=P
A54).
Ashgate. p. 54. ISBN 9781409494096.
2. Robins, Brian. Piano Sonata No. 11 in A Major ("Alla Turca") K. 331 (K. 300i) (https://www.allmusic.com/composition/mc0002374455)
at AllMusic. Retrieved 1 June 2011.
3. John Thompson's Modern Course for the Piano:The Fifth Grade Book. The Willis Music Company; Cincinnati, Ohio, 1952.
4. Schmidt-Jones, Catherine."Janissary Music and Turkish Influences on Western Music" (http://cnx.org/content/m15861/latest/), 10
May 2010
5. "Max Reger's Mozart Variations" (http://www.vpr.net/episode/53224/max-regers-mozart-variations/)
, presented by Walter Parker,
Vermont Public Radio, 19 March 2012
6. Sleeve notes (http://www.notnowmusic.com/time-out-2598.html) to Time Out, notnowmusic.com
7. Kozinn, Allan (1 October 2014). "A Mozart Mystery: Sonata Manuscript Surfaces in Budapest"(http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/201
4/10/01/a-mozart-mystery-sonata-manuscript-surfaces-in-budapest/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0) . The New York Times. p. C4.
 8. "K. 331 Sonata in A major"(https://mozart.oszk.hu/index_en.html#significance)
. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
9. "A rediscovered sonata, as Mozart intended"(https://web.archive.org/web/20141009130744/http://www .afp.com/en/news/rediscovere
d-sonata-mozart-intended/). AFP. 27 September 2014. Archived fromthe original (http://www.afp.com/en/news/rediscovered-sonata-
mozart-intended) on 2014-10-09. Retrieved 2015-02-14.

External links

Sonate in A KV 331: Score and critical report (in German) in the Neue Mozart-Ausgabe
Piano Sonata No. 11: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project(IMSLP)
Free scores of the Piano Sonata No. 11at Mutopia Project
Free sheet music of Piano Sonata No. 11 fromCantorion.org
Video on YouTube, Daniel Barenboim

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