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Appendix E
Low Carbon Energy Centre Noise and Vibration
filter. A sound level measured with this filter switched on is denoted as dB(A).
Practically all noise is measured using the A filter. The sound pressure level in
dB(A) gives a close indication of the subjective loudness of the noise.
Do-Minimum Describes a scenario under which the road scheme that is under consideration
does not proceed.
Façade Noise A noise level measured or predicted at the façade of a building, typically at a
Level distance of 1m, containing a contribution made up of reflections from the façade
itself (+3dB).
LAmax noise This is the maximum noise level recorded over the measurement period.
level
LAmin noise This is the lowest level during the measurement period.
level
LAeq,T noise This is the ‘equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level, in decibels’
level and is defined in British Standard 7445 as the ‘value of the A-weighted sound
pressure level of a continuous, steady sound that, within a specified time interval,
T, has the same mean square sound pressure as a sound under consideration
whose level varies with time’.
It is a unit commonly used to describe construction noise, noise from industrial
premises and is the most suitable unit for the description of other forms of
environmental noise.
LA90 noise This is the noise level that is exceeded for 90% of the measurement period and
level gives an indication of the noise level during quieter periods. It is often referred to
as the background noise level and is used in the assessment of disturbance from
industrial noise.
LA10 noise This is the noise level which is achieved for 10% of the monitoring period and is
level often used to describe road traffic noise
Appendix E
Low Carbon Energy Centre Noise and Vibration
Location N1 – Daytime
Location N1 – Night-time
Appendix E
Low Carbon Energy Centre Noise and Vibration
Location 1 ‐ Weekend Data
90
80
Sound Pressure Level (dB(A))
70
60
LAeq
LAmax
LA90
50
LA10
40
30
Time (HH:MM:SS)
Appendix E
Low Carbon Energy Centre Noise and Vibration
The significance criteria for the construction noise assessment are based on ‘The ABC Method’ from BS
5228-1:2009. An extract describing this method is provided below.
Table E.1 shows an example of the threshold of significant effect at dwellings when the total noise level
rounded to the nearest decibel, exceeds the listed value. The table can by used as follows: for the
appropriate period (night, evening/weekends or day), the ambient noise level is determined and rounded
to the nearest 5 dB. This is then compared with the total noise level, including construction. If the total
noise level exceeds the appropriate category value, then a significance effect is deemed to occur.
Assessment category and threshold value period Threshold value, in decibels (dB)
(LAeq) Category AA) Category B B) Category C
C)
Night-time (23.00-07.00) 45 50 55
Evenings and weekendsD) 55 60 65
Daytime (07.00-19.00) and Saturdays (07.00-13.00) 65 70 75
NOTE1 A significance effect has been deemed to occur if the total LAeq noise level, including construction, exceeds the
threshold level for the Category appropriate to the ambient noise level.
NOTE 2 If the ambient noise level exceeds the threshold values given in the table (i.e. the ambient noise level is higher than
the above values), then a significant effect is deemed to occur if the total LAeq noise level for the period increases by more
than 3 dB due to construction activity.
NOTE 3 Applied to residential receptors only.
A)Category A: threshold values to use when ambient noise levels ( when rounded to the nearest 5 dB) are less than these
values.
B) Category B: threshold values to use when the ambient noise levels (when rounded to the nearest 5 dB) are the same as
category A values.
C)Category C: threshold values to use when the ambient noise levels (when rounded to the nearest 5 dB) are higher than
category A values.
D) 19.00-23.00 weekdays, 13.00-23.00 Saturdays and 07.00-23.00 Sundays.
Appendix E
Low Carbon Energy Centre Noise and Vibration
Calculations have been undertaken using the data and procedures of BS 5228 for the noisiest
construction phases, to derive indicative noise levels at selected NSRs. The highest noise levels tend to
be associated with plant that would be employed during piling, earthmoving, concreting and road
pavement:
75
Minor
Earth moving 78
Adverse
Road 75
English Churches 73 Negligible
Housing Group Hostel Pavement
NSR A approximately 20m from Minor
Concreting 78 75
eastern site boundary Adverse
75
Substantial
Demolition 85
Adverse
Auger piling 68 75 Negligible
Earth moving 73 75 Negligible
Road 75
3 to 26 Ladybeck Close 70 Negligible
located approximately 55m Pavement
NSR B from the eastern site Concreting 73 75 Negligible
boundary
75
Minor
Demolition 79
Adverse
Auger piling 68 75 Negligible
Earth moving 71 75 Negligible
Road 75
69 Negligible
Possible future residents Pavement
NSR C of the proposed mixed 75
use Lunar Properties
Concreting 71 Negligible
scheme on Bridge Street
75
Minor
Demolition 76
Adverse
Auger piling 71 75 Negligible
Appendix E
Low Carbon Energy Centre Noise and Vibration
The following table summarises the ventilation requirements and expected noise levels for each
operating unit. For example:
• In the case of the cooling towers, a total of 18 cooling tower fans are to be installed but it is
expected that only 15 of these will operate at any one time;
• In the case of the condenser pumps, a total of 5 pumps are to be installed but it is expected that
only 4 of these will operate at any one time.
1ST Floor
See also tolerances on the
6.0MW Chiller Unit 3 See data sheet below NA
data sheet
See also tolerances on the
4.0MW Chiller Unit 1 See data sheet below NA
data sheet
Cooling Pumps 3 72db(A) @ 1m NA
Condenser Pumps 4 84db(A) @ 1m NA
Heating Pumps 3 69db(A) @ 1m NA
1st Floor Low & high Level Ventilation required to
Ventilation dissipate 250kW of heat
Appendix E
Low Carbon Energy Centre Noise and Vibration
The octave and A-Weighted sound pressure levels are the levels expected to be obtained if
measurements are performed in accordance with AHRI Standard 575-94, Method of measuring
machinery sound within equipment rooms.
TOLERANCES: The sound level of identical unit selections can vary due to manufacturing tolerance
and test repeatability. Variations of +-3 DBA on the A-Weighted levels and +-5 DB on the octave
band levels are possible.
Appendix E
Low Carbon Energy Centre Noise and Vibration
The octave and A-Weighted sound pressure levels are the levels expected to be obtained if
measurements are performed in accordance with AHRI Standard 575-94, Method of measuring
machinery sound within equipment rooms.
TOLERANCES: The sound level of identical unit selections can vary due to manufacturing tolerance
and test repeatability. Variations of +-3 DBA on the A-Weighted levels and +-5 DB on the octave
band levels are possible.
Rated in accordance with AHRI STD. 550/590.Compliant with ASHRAE 90.1 -2004
Cooling Tower (each fan)
Appendix E
Low Carbon Energy Centre Noise and Vibration
Appendix E
EC7 Environmental Statement
Table A10.2.1: Annual Mean Background Nitrogen Dioxide Concentrations in 2009 and
2015 at Key Receptors (µg/m3)
5 28.3 21.6
6 28.3 21.6
7 28.3 21.6
11 28.5 21.8
12 28.5 21.8
A10.2.2 Waterman, in preparing the Environmental Statement for the Eastgate Quarters development, has
used the ADMS-Roads model to predict ambient concentrations of key pollutants from road traffic.
The method used by Waterman, along with the traffic data assumptions, is described in the
Eastgate Quarters ES (EED10866-100 R6). Since the focus of the current assessment is
emissions from the boiler/CHP plant, full details of the traffic data used are not reproduced here.
For the current assessment, modelling of road traffic emissions has only been undertaken to define
the baseline concentrations to which the proposed boiler/CHP emissions will be added.
A10.2.3 The ADMS-Roads model files used by Waterman for the Eastgate Quarters development were not
tailored specifically to the current assessment, and so some minor edits to road alignments and
widths in key areas of interest were made so as to improve the reliability of the predictions. In
addition, the model outputs have been verified specifically for this current assessment against
measurements made at the A2 Corn Exchange automatic monitor.
A10.2.4 ADMS-Roads was used to predict annual mean concentrations of nitrogen oxides in 2009, and
2015. For the 2015 assessment, the model was run assuming that traffic associated with the
Eastgate Quarters development (and other committed developments) would be in place. The total
predicted concentrations thus take account of the cumulative impact of the Development and the
traffic related emissions from other proposed developments. Annual mean nitrogen dioxide
concentrations were derived as described in the section below on model verification.
ADMS-Roads Verification
Nitrogen Dioxide
A10.2.5 Most nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is produced in the atmosphere by reaction of nitric oxide (NO) with
ozone. It is therefore most appropriate to verify the model in terms of primary pollutant emissions
of nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2). The model has been run to predict the annual mean road-
NOx concentrations during 2009 at the Corn Exchange automatic monitoring site. Concentrations
have been modelled at 3 m, the height of the monitor.
A10.2.6 The model output of road-NOx (i.e. the component of total NOx coming from road traffic) has been
compared with the ‘measured’ road-NOx.
A10.2.7 An adjustment factor was determined as the ratio of the measured road contribution and the model
derived road contribution. This factor was then applied to the modelled road-NOx concentration for
each receptor to provide adjusted modelled road-NOx concentrations. The total nitrogen dioxide
concentrations were then determined by combining the adjusted modelled road-NOx
concentrations with the predicted background NO2 concentration within the recently updated NOx
from NO2 calculator available on the Defra LAQM Support website (Defra, 2010b).
A10.2.8 A secondary adjustment factor was determined as the ratio of the measured total NO2 and the
model derived total NO2. This factor was then applied to the modelled nitrogen dioxide
concentrations for each receptor.
A10.2.9 The data used to calculate the adjustment factor are provided below:
A10.2.10 The factor implies that the model is under-predicting the road-NOx contribution. This is a
common experience with this and most other models.
Table A10.2.2: Total Predicted Annual Mean Nitrogen Dioxide Concentrations in 2015 with a
stack height of 53 m (μg/m3)a,b
2009 Without Scheme (2015) 53m Stack (2015)
R
gf 1f 2f gf 1f 2f gf 1f 2f
5 45.6 44.7 43.1 35.8 35.1 33.7 36.4 35.7 34.3
6 61.4 56.9 50.6 50.6 46.3 40.4 51.1 46.8 40.9
7 58.1 54.1 48.5 47.2 43.5 38.3 47.7 43.9 38.7
11 37.6 36.9 28.5 28.0 29.3 28.8
12 47.1 45.1 36.8 35.0 37.6 35.9
a
Objective exceedences highlighted in bold, locations with no relevant exposure shaded grey
b
gf = ground floor, 1f = 1st floor, 2f = 2nd floor. No relevant exposure at any receptor at third floor or higher.
Table A10.2.3: Maximum Process Contribution to Annual Mean PM10 and the 90th Percentile
24-hr mean PM10 Concentrations at Any Relevant Receptor Height a
Receptor Process
Process Process Process
Contribution to
Contribution to Contribution as % Contribution as %
90th percentile of
Annual Mean PM10 of 40 μg/m3 of 50 μg/m3
24-hr mean PM10
(μg/m3) Objective Objective
(μg/m3)
1 <0.1 0.1% 0.2 0.3%
2 <0.1 0.1% 0.2 0.4%
3 <0.1 0.1% 0.2 0.4%
4 <0.1 0.1% 0.1 0.2%
5 0.1 0.2% 0.2 0.4%
6 0.1 0.1% 0.2 0.3%
7 <0.1 0.1% 0.1 0.3%
8 <0.1 <0.1% <0.1 <0.1%
9 <0.1 <0.1% <0.1 <0.1%
10 <0.1 0.1% 0.1 0.3%
11 0.1 0.2% 0.2 0.5%
12 0.1 0.3% 0.3 0.6%
13 <0.1 <0.1% <0.1 <0.1%
14 <0.1 <0.1% <0.1 0.1%
15 <0.1 <0.1% 0.1 0.1%
16 <0.1 0.1% 0.2 0.4%
17 <0.1 0.1% 0.1 0.3%
18 <0.1 0.1% 0.2 0.4%
19 <0.1 <0.1% <0.1 <0.1%
20 <0.1 <0.1%
21 <0.1 <0.1%
22 <0.1 <0.1%
23 <0.1 <0.1%
24 <0.1 <0.1%
25 <0.1 <0.1%
26 <0.1 <0.1%
27 <0.1 <0.1%
a
Percentage values shown in bold represent locations where the Environment Agency screening criteria
are exceeded.
Table A10.2.4: Maximum Process Contribution to Annual Mean PM2.5 Concentrations at Any
Relevant Receptor Height a
Receptor Process Contribution to Annual Mean Process Contribution as % of 25 μg/m3
PM2.5 (μg/m3) Objective
1 <0.1 0.2%
2 <0.1 0.2%
3 <0.1 0.2%
4 <0.1 0.1%
5 0.1 0.3%
6 0.1 0.2%
7 <0.1 0.2%
8 <0.1 <0.1%
9 <0.1 <0.1%
10 <0.1 0.2%
11 0.1 0.4%
12 0.1 0.5%
13 <0.1 <0.1%
14 <0.1 <0.1%
15 <0.1 0.1%
16 <0.1 0.2%
17 <0.1 0.1%
18 <0.1 0.2%
19 <0.1 <0.1%
20 <0.1 <0.1%
21 <0.1 <0.1%
22 <0.1 <0.1%
23 <0.1 <0.1%
24 <0.1 <0.1%
25 <0.1 <0.1%
26 <0.1 <0.1%
27 <0.1 <0.1%
a
Percentage values shown in bold represent locations where the Environment Agency screening criteria
are exceeded.