B-ALL: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia FSH: Follicle stimulating hormone. A blood test for follicle stimulating hormone which is used to evaluate fertility in women. HAPE: High altitude pulmonary edema HPS: Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. A type of contagious, infectious disease transmitted by rats infected with the virus. IBS: Irritable bowel syndrome (A medical disease that involves the gastrointestinal tract.) IDDM: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Type 1 diabetes. MDS: Myelo dysplastic syndrome NBCCS: Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome PE: Pulmonary embolism. A type of blood clot in the lungs. SIDS: Sudden infant death syndrome TSH: Thyroid stimulating hormone. A blood test for TSH is used to diagnose thyroid disease. a.c.: Before meals. As in taking a medicine before meals. a/g ratio: Albumin to globulin ratio. ACL: Anterior cruciate ligament. ACL injuries are one of the most common ligament injuries to the knee. The ACL can be sprained or completely torn from trauma and/or degeneration. Ad lib: At liberty. For example, a patient may be permitted to move out of bed freely and orders would, therefore, be for activities to be ad lib. AFR: Acute renal failure ADHD: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADR: Adverse drug reaction. If a patient is taking a prescription drug to treat high blood pressure disease AIDS: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome AKA: Above the knee amputation. Anuric: Not producing urine. A person who is anuric is often critical and may require dialysis. ANED: Alive no evidence of disease. The patient arrived in the ER alive with no evidence of disease. ADH: Antidiuretic hormone ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome. ARF: Acute renal (kidney) failure ASCVD: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. A form of heart disease. b.i.d.: Twice daily. As in taking a medicine twice daily. bld: Blood. Blood was visible on the patient�s scalp. Bandemia: Slang for elevated level of band forms of white blood cells. Bibasilar: At the bases of both lungs. For example, someone with a pneumonia in both lungs might have abnormal bibasilar breath sounds. BKA: Below the knee amputation. BMP: Basic metabolic panel. Electrolytes (potassium, sodium, carbon dioxide, and chloride) and creatinine and glucose. BP: Blood pressure. Blood pressure is recorded as part of the physical examination. It is one of the "vital signs." BPD: Borderline personality disorder. A personality disorder. BSO: Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. A BSO is the removal of both of the ovaries and adjacent Fallopian tubes and often is performed as part of a total abdominal hysterectomy. Continue Reading A-a gradient Alveolar to Arterial Gradient A-VO2 Arteriovenous Oxygen A/G Albumin/Globulin ratio AAA Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm AAS Acute Abdominal Series AB Abortion ABD Abdomen ABG Arterial Blood Gases ABX Antibiotics AC Anterior Cephalic vein ACE Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ACEI Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor ACL Anterior Cruciate Ligament ACLS Advanced Cardiac Life Support ACP Acyl Carrier Protein ACR Albumin/Creatinine Ratio ACS Acute Coronary Syndrome ACTH Adrenocorticotropic Hormone AD Autonomic Dysreflexia ADA American Diabetes Association ADH Antidiuretic Hormone ADL Activities of Daily Living AECB Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis AED Automated External Defibrillator AF Atrial Fibrillation AFA Advanced First Aid AFB Acid-Fast Bacilli AFO Ankle foot orthosis AFP Alpha-Fetoprotein AGA Appropriate for Gestational Age AI Aortic Insufficiency AID Artificial Insemination Donor AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AKA Above Knee Amputation AKF Acute Kidney Failure ALL Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia ALP Alkaline Phosphatase ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ALT Alanine Transaminase, Alanine Aminotransferase AMA Against Medical Advice AMI Acute Myocardial Infarction AML Acute Myelogenous Leukemia ANA Antinuclear antibody ANS Autonomic Nervous System ANUG Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis AOB Alcohol on Breath AODM Adult Onset Diabetes Mellitus AOG Age of Gestation AP Acupuncture Physician AP Apical Pulse APE Acute Pulmonary Edema / Acute Pulmonary Embolism APO Acute Pulmonary Oedema APSGN Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis APTT Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ARDS Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARF Acute Renal Failure AS Auricle Sinistrus (Left Ear) AS Aortic Stenosis ASAD Arthroscopic Subacromial Decompression ASCUS Atypical Squamous Cells of Unknown Significance ASCVD Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ASD Atrial Septal Defect ASHD Arteriosclerotic Heart Disease AST Aspartate Aminotransferase ATN Acute Tubular Necrosis AU Auris Utraque (Each Ear or Both Ears) AuD Audiology AV Atrio-Ventricular (cardiac) AVB Atrio-Ventricular Block AVI Arteriovenous Insufficiency AVM Arteriovenous Malformation C&S: Culture and sensitivity, performed to detect infection. C/O: Complaint of. The patient's expressed concern. cap: Capsule. Ca: Cancer; carcinoma. For example, a patient who undergoing treatment for cancer should assure that they are eating and drinking enough fluids daily, both during and after treatment. CABG. Coronary artery bypass graft. A surgery involving the heart. CBC: Complete blood count. CC: Chief complaint. The patient's main concern. CDE: Complete dental (oral) evaluation. cc: Cubic centimeters. For example, the amount of fluid removed from the body is recorded in ccs. Chem panel: Chemistry panel. A comprehensive screening blood test that indicates the status of the liver, kidneys, and electrolytes. CPAP: Continuous positive airway pressure. A treatment for sleep apnea. COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CT: Chemotherapy. A type of treatment therapy for cancer. CVA: Cerebrovascular accident (Stroke). D/C or DC: Discontinue or discharge. For example, a doctor will D/C a drug. Alternatively, the doctor might DC a patient from the hospital. DCIS: Ductal Carcinoma In Situ. A type of breast cancer. The patient is receiving treatment for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ. DDX: Differential diagnosis. A variety diagnostic possibilities are being considered to diagnose the type of cancer present in the patient. DJD: Degenerative joint disease. Another term for osteoarthritis. DM: Diabetes mellitus. DNC, D&C, or D and C: Dilation and curettage. Widening the cervix and scrapping with a curette for the purpose of removing tissue lining the inner surface of the womb (uterus). DNR: Do not resuscitate. This is a specific order not to revive a patient artificially if they succumb to illness. If a patient is given a DNR order, they are not resuscitated if they are near death and no code blue is called. DOE: Dyspnea on exertion. Shortness of breath with activity. DTR: Deep tendon reflexes. These are reflexes that the doctor tests by banging on the tendons with a rubber hammer. DVT: Deep venous thrombosis (blood clot in large vein). ETOH: Alcohol. ETOH intake history is often recorded as part of a patient history. ECT: Electroconclusive therapy. A procedure used to control seizures (convulsions). FX: Fracture. g: gram, a unit of weight. The cream is available in both 30 and 60 gram tubes. GOMER: Slang for "get out of my emergency room." GvHD: Graft vs. host disease. It is complicated by the syndromes of acute and chronic graft-vs-host disease (GVHD). gtt: Drops. H&H: Hemoglobin and hematocrit. When the H & H is low, anemia is present. The H&H can be elevated in persons who have lung disease from long term smoking or from disease, such as polycythemia rubra vera. H&P: History and physical examination. h.s.: At bedtime. As in taking a medicine at bedtime. H/O or h/o: History of. A past event that occurred. HA: Headache. HRT: Hormone replacement or hormone replacement therapy. HTN: Hypertension. Continue Reading B/K Below Knee BA Breathing Apparatus BAC Blood Alcohol Content BAIAE Bronchial Asthma In Acute Exacerbation BBB Blood Brain Barrier, Bundle Branch Block BBP Blood-Borne Pathogen BBS Bilateral Breath Sounds BBT Basal Body Temperature BC Bowel care BCAA Branched Chain Amino Acids BE Barium Enema BG Blood Glucose BGL Blood Glucose Level BI Brain Injury BIAD Blind insertion Airway Device BID Bis in die (Twice a Day) bilat Bilateral BM Bowel Movement or Breast Milk BMD Bone Mineral Density BMed Behavioural Medicine BMI Body Mass Index BMR Basal Metabolic Rate BNP Brain Natriuretic Peptide BOM Bilateral Otitis Media BP Blood Pressure BPH Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy BPM Beats Per Minute BPN Bronchopneumonia BPP Biophysical Profile BPPV Benign positional paroxysmal vertigo BPV Benign Positional Vertigo, Bovine Papilloma Virus BRBPR Bright Red Blood Per Rectum BRM Biologic Response Modifiers BRP Bathroom Privileges BRT Body Restorative Therapy BS Bowel Sounds BSA Body Surface Area BSE Breast Self Examination BSER Brainstem Evoked Response (Audiometry) BSI Bodily Substance Isolation BSL Blood Sugar Level BT Bowel Tones BUN Blood Urea Nitrogen BW Body Weight BX Biopsy BZD BenZoDiazepine BCh Bachelor of Surgery BChir Bachelor of Surgery BM Bachelor of Medicine BMedSci Bachelor of Medical Sciences BPharm Bachelor of Pharmacy BS Bachelor of Surgery BSc Bachelor of Science BMBS Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery BMedSc Bachelor of Medical Science and Doctor of Surgery BAMS Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery BChiro Bachelor of Chiropractic BDS Bachelor of Dental Surgery BDent Bachelor of Dentistry BChD Bachelor of Dental Surgery BDSc Bachelor of Dental Science BDM Bachelor of Dental Medicine BNYS Bachelor of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences BSN Bachelor of Science in Nursing B.Optom Bachelor of Optometry BPod Bachelor of Podiatry BSc (PT) Bachelor of Science in Physical Therapy BSPT Bachelor of Science in Physical Therapy BVS Bachelor of Veterinary Surgery BVSc Bachelor of Veterinary Science BVMS Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery BHMS Bachelor of Homeopathic Medicine and Surgery BCM Bachelor of Clinical Medicine BChinMed Bachelor of Chinese Medicine BOst Bachelors of Osteopathy BOstMed Bachelor of Osteopathic Medicine BSc(Osteo) Bachelors of Science in Osteopathy BHSA Bachelor of Health Service Administration BSPS Bachelor of Science in Pharmaceutical Science I&D: Incision and drainage. IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease. A name for two disorders of the gastrointestinal (BI) tract, Crohn�s disease and ulcerative colitis ICD: Implantable cardioverter defibrillator ICU: Intensive care unit. The patient was moved to the intensive care unit. IM: Intramuscular. This is a typical notation when noting or ordering an injection (shot) given into muscle, such as with B12 for pernicious anemia. IMP: Impression. This is the summary conclusion of the patient's condition by the healthcare professional at that particular date and time. ITU: Intensive therapy unit in vitro: In the laboratory in vivo: In the body IPF: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. A type of lung disease. IU: International units. JT: Joint. K: Potassium. An essential electrolyte frequently monitored regularly in intensive care. KCL: Potassium chloride. LCIS: Lobular Carcinoma In Situ. A type of cancer of the breast. The patient is receiving treatment for Lobular Carcinoma In Situ. LBP: Low back pain. LBP is one of most common medical complaints. LLQ: Left lower quadrant. Diverticulitis pain is often in the LLQ of the abdomen. LUQ: Left upper quadrant. The spleen is located in the LUQ of the abdomen. Lytes: Electrolytes (potassium, sodium, carbon dioxide, and chloride). MCL: Medial collateral ligament. mg: Milligrams. M/H: Medical history ml: Milliliters. MVP: Mitral valve prolapse. N/V: Nausea or vomiting. Na: Sodium. An essential electrolyte frequently monitored regularly in intensive care. NCP: Nursing care plan npo: Nothing by mouth. For example, if a patient was about to undergo a surgical operation requiring general anesthesia, they may be required to avoid food or beverage prior to the procedure. NSR: Normal sinus rhythm of the heart O&P: Ova and parasites. Stool O & P is tested in the laboratory to detect parasitic infection in persons with chronic diarrhea. O.D.: Right eye. O.S.: Left eye. O.U.: Both eyes. ORIF: Open reduction and internal fixation, such as with the orthopedic repair of a hip fracture. P: Pulse. Pulse is recorded as part of the physical examination. It is one of the "vital signs." p�: After meals. As in take two tablets after meals. p.o.: By mouth. From the Latin terminology per os. p.r.n.: As needed. So that it is not always done, but done only when the situation calls for it (or example, taking a pain medication only when having pain and not without pain). PCL: Posterior cruciate ligament. PD: Progressive disease. Patients at risk of developing progressive disease of the kidneys include those with proteinuria or hematuria. PERRLA: Pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation. PFT: Pulmonary function test. A test to evaluate the how well the lungs are functioning. PERRLA: Pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation. Plt: Platelets, one of the blood forming elements along with the white and red blood cells. PMI: Point of maximum impulse of the heart when felt during examination, as in beats against the chest. PMS: Premenstrual syndrome PT: Physical therapy PTH: Parathyroid hormone PTSD: Post-traumatic stress syndrome PUD: Peptic ulcer disease. A type of ulcer of the stomach. Continue Reading q.d.: Each day. As in taking a medicine daily. q.i.d.: Four times daily. As in taking a medicine four times daily. q2h: Every 2 hours. As in taking a medicine every 2 hours. q3h: Every 3 hours. As in taking a medicine every 3 hours. qAM: Each morning. As in taking a medicine each morning. qhs: At each bedtime. As in taking a medicine each bedtime. qod: Every other day. As in taking a medicine every other day. qPM: Each evening. As in taking a medicine each evening. RA: Rheumatoid arthritis. A type of joint disease. RDS: Respiratory distress syndrome R/O: Rule out. Doctors frequently will rule out various possible diagnoses when figuring out the correct diagnosis. REB: Rebound, as in rebound tenderness of the abdomen when pushed in and then released. RLQ: Right lower quadrant. The appendix is located in the RLQ of the abdomen. ROS: Review of systems. An overall review concerns relating to the organ systems, such as the respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurologic systems. RUQ: Right upper quadrant. The liver is located in the RUQ of the abdomen. s/p: Status post. For example, a person who had a knee operation would be s/p a knee operation. SAD: Season affective disorder. A type of depression that occurs during the winter months when there is little light. SOB: Shortness of breath. SQ: Subcutaneous. This is a typical notation when noting or ordering an injection (shot) given into the fatty tissue under the skin, such as with insulin for diabetes mellitus. T: Temperature. Temperature is recorded as part of the physical examination. It is one of the "vital signs." T&A: Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy t.i.d.: Three times daily. As in taking a medicine three times daily. tab: Tablet TAH: Total abdominal hysterectomy TAH: Total abdominal hysterectomy. A type of surgery to remove a woman�s uterus, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries. THR: Total hip replacement TKR: Total knee replacement TMJ: Tempomandibular joint UA or u/a: Urinalysis. A UA is a typical part of a comprehensive physical examination. U or u**: Unit. Mistaken as the number 0 or 4, causing a 10-fold overdose or greater (for example, 4U seen as "40" or 4u seen as "44"); mistaken as "cc" so the dose is given in volume instead of units (for example, 4u seen as 4cc). ULN: Upper limits of normal URI: Upper respiratory infection, such as sinusitis or the common cold ut dict: As directed. As in taking a medicine according to the instructions that the health care professional gave in the office or in the past UTI: Urinary tract infection VSS: Vital signs are stable. This notation means that from the standpoint of the temperature, blood pressure, and pulse, the patient is doing well. Wt: Weight. Body weight is often recorded as part of the physical examination. XRT: Radiotherapy (external). A type of treatment that uses radiation. Continue Reading C&S Culture and Sensitivity C/O Complains Of Ca Calcium, Cancer, Carcinoma CAA Crystalline amino acids CABA Compressed Air Breathing Apparatus CABG Coronary Artery Bypass Graft CAD Coronary Artery Disease CAG Coronary Angiogram CAM Complementary and Alternative Medicine Cand.Odont. Candidate of Odontology CAOx4 Conscious, Alert, and Oriented x4 CAP Community Acquired Pneumonia CAPD Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis CAT Computerized Tomography Scan CBC Complete Blood Count CBD Common Bile Duct CBE Clinical Breast Examination CBG Capillary Blood Glucose CBI Continuous Bladder Irrigation CBS Capillary Blood Sugar CC Chief Complaint CCK Cholecystokinin CCPD Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis CCU Clean Catch Urine or Cardiac Care Unit CCV Critical Closing Volume CD Clinical Dietitian CEA Cultured Epithelial Autograft CEP Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria CF Cystic Fibrosis CFT Complement-Fixation Test CGA Catabolite Gene Activator CGL Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia CHD Coronary Heart Disease CHF Congestive Heart Failure CHO Carbohydrate CI ContraIndications CI Cardiac index CID Cervical Immobilization Device CIN Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasm CIQ Cognitive Laterality Quotient CIU Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria CJD Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease CL Cleft Lip CLIA Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments CME Continuing Medical Education CMI Cell Mediated Immunity CML Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia CMO Chief Medical Officer CMS Circulation, Motion, Sensation CMT Certified Medical Transcriptionist CMV Cytomegalovirus CN Cranial Nerves CNS Central Nervous System CNS Clinical Nurse Specialist CO Cardiac Output COAD Chronic Obstructive Airways Disease COLD Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease CP Chest Pain, Cleft Palate, Cerebral palsy CPAP Continuous Positive Airway Pressure CPD Cephalo-Pelvic Disproportion CPH Certificate in Public Health CPK Creatinine Phosphokinase CPM Continuous Passive Motility CPP Cerebral Perfusion Pressure CPPB Continuous (or) Constant Positive Pressure Breathing CPPD Chest Percussion and Post Drainage CPPV Continuous Positive Pressure Ventilation CPR Cardiopulmonary resuscitation CRCL Creatinine Clearance CRD Chronic Respiratory Disease CRF Chronic Renal Failure CRH Corticotropin Releasing Hormone CRP C-Reactive Protein CRRT Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy CRT Capillary Refill Time CRTS Certified Recreational Therapy Specialist CSD Catscratch Disease CSF Cerebrospinal Fluid, Colony Stimulating Factors CSW Certified Social Worker CT Chest Tube, Computed Tomography CTD Close To Death CVA Cerebral Vascular Accident, Costovertebral Angle CVAT CVA tenderness CVP Central Venous Pressure CVS Chorionic Villus Sampling Cx Cervix CXR Chest X-Ray D&C Dilation and Curettage D&E Dilatation and Evacuation D5W Dextrose 5% in Water (IV) DAA Denitrogenation Absorption Atelectasis DAT Diet As Tolerated DAW Dispense as written DC (dc) Discontinue DCCT Diabetes Control and Complication Trials DDx Differential diagnosis DEV Duck Embryo Vaccine, Duck Embryo Virus DEX (DXT) Dexamethasone DEXA Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry DI Diabetes Insipidus DIA Digital Image Analysis DIC Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation DIP Distal Interphalangeal (Joint), Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia DJD Degenerative joint disease DKA Diabetic Ketoacidosis DM Diabetic Mellitus DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid DNR Do Not Resuscitate DOA Dead On Arrival DOE Dyspnea on exertion DOT Directly Observed Therapy DP Direct Pressure DPL Diagnostic peritoneal lavage DPT Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus DRE Digital Rectal Examination DSA Digital Subtraction Angiography DT Delirium Tremens, Duration of Tetany DTR Deep Tendon Reflex DU Duodenal Ulcer DVT Deep Vein Thrombosis Dx Diagnosis DA Diploma in Anaesthetics DCh Doctor of Surgery DCH Diploma in Child Health DCP Diploma in Clinical Pathology DCPath Diploma College of Pathologists DDS Doctor of Dental Surgery DFM Diploma in Forensic Medicine DGM Diploma in Geriatric Medicine DGO Diploma in Gynaecology and Obstetrics Dip GU Med Diploma in Genitourinary Medicine DMR Diploma in Medical Radiology DO Diploma in Ophthalmology DObst Diploma in Obstetrics DPath Diploma in Pathology DPhil Doctor of Philosophy DPhysMed Diploma in Physical Medicine DPH Diploma in Public Health DPM Diploma in Psychological Medicine DR Diploma in Radiology DRCOG Diploma Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists DRCPath Diploma Royal College of Pathologists DS Doctor of Surgery DO Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine DC Doctor of Chiropractic DMD Doctor of Medical Dendistry Dr.Med.Dent. Doctor of Medical Dendistry DP Doctor of Podiatry DPT Doctor of Physical Therapy Dphys Diploma in Physiotherapy DVM Doctor of Veterinary Medicine DAc Doctor of Acupuncture DiplAc Diplomate in Acupuncture DHMS Diploma in Homoeopathic Medicine and Surgery DN Doctor of Naprapathy D&C Dilation and Curettage D&E Dilatation and Evacuation D5W Dextrose 5% in Water (IV) DAA Denitrogenation Absorption Atelectasis DAT Diet As Tolerated DAW Dispense as written DC (dc) Discontinue DCCT Diabetes Control and Complication Trials DDx Differential diagnosis DEV Duck Embryo Vaccine, Duck Embryo Virus DEX (DXT) Dexamethasone DEXA Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry DI Diabetes Insipidus DIA Digital Image Analysis DIC Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation DIP Distal Interphalangeal (Joint), Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia DJD Degenerative joint disease DKA Diabetic Ketoacidosis DM Diabetic Mellitus DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid DNR Do Not Resuscitate DOA Dead On Arrival DOE Dyspnea on exertion DOT Directly Observed Therapy DP Direct Pressure DPL Diagnostic peritoneal lavage DPT Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus DRE Digital Rectal Examination DSA Digital Subtraction Angiography DT Delirium Tremens, Duration of Tetany DTR Deep Tendon Reflex DU Duodenal Ulcer DVT Deep Vein Thrombosis Dx Diagnosis DA Diploma in Anaesthetics DCh Doctor of Surgery DCH Diploma in Child Health DCP Diploma in Clinical Pathology DCPath Diploma College of Pathologists DDS Doctor of Dental Surgery DFM Diploma in Forensic Medicine DGM Diploma in Geriatric Medicine DGO Diploma in Gynaecology and Obstetrics Dip GU Med Diploma in Genitourinary Medicine DMR Diploma in Medical Radiology DO Diploma in Ophthalmology DObst Diploma in Obstetrics DPath Diploma in Pathology DPhil Doctor of Philosophy DPhysMed Diploma in Physical Medicine DPH Diploma in Public Health DPM Diploma in Psychological Medicine DR Diploma in Radiology DRCOG Diploma Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists DRCPath Diploma Royal College of Pathologists DS Doctor of Surgery DO Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine DC Doctor of Chiropractic DMD Doctor of Medical Dendistry Dr.Med.Dent. Doctor of Medical Dendistry DP Doctor of Podiatry DPT Doctor of Physical Therapy Dphys Diploma in Physiotherapy DVM Doctor of Veterinary Medicine DAc Doctor of Acupuncture DiplAc Diplomate in Acupuncture DHMS Diploma in Homoeopathic Medicine and Surgery DN Doctor of Naprapathy GAD Generalized Anxiety Disorder Gal Galactose GB Gallbladder GC Gonorrhea GCS Glasgow Coma Scale GDM Gestational Diabetes Melitus GERD Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease GETT General by Endotracheal Tube GFR Glomerular Filtration Rate GGT Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase GHRH Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone GI Gastro-Intestinal GIP Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide GLC Gas Liquid Chromatography GLP Good Laboratory Practice GnRH Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone GOT Glutamic Oxalic Transaminase GP General Practitioner GPI Gingival Periodontal Index GPT Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase GSR Galvanic Skin Response GSW Gun shot wound GTT Glucose Tolerance Test GU Genito-Urinary GVHD Graft-Versus-Host-Disease GXT Graded Exercise Tolerance (Stress test) HA Headache, Hyaluronic Acid HAART Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy HASHD Hypertensive ArterioSclerotic Heart Disease HAV Hepatitis A virus Hb Hemoglobin HbA Adult Hemoglobin HbF Fetal Hemoglobin HBIG Hepatitis B Immune Globulin HBP High Blood Pressure HCFA Health Care Financing Administration HCG Human Chorionic Gonadotropin HCO3 Bicarbonate HCS Human Chorionic Somatomammotropin HCT Hematocrit HD Hemodialysis HDL High Density Lipoprotein HEENT Head, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat HFJV High Frequency Jet Ventilation HFOV High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation HFPPV High Frequency Positive Pressure Ventilation HFV High Frequency Ventilation Hgb Hemoglobin HGE Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis HGSIL High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion HIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus HJR Hepatojugular reflex HLA Histocompatibility Locus Antigen, Human Lymphocyte Antigen, Human Leukocyte Antigen HME Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis HMG Human Menopausal Gonadotropin HPE Histopathology Examination HPF High Power Field HPI History of Present Illness HPL Human Placental Lactogen HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPV Human Papiloma Virus HR Heart Rate HRCT High-Resolution Computed Tomography HRT Hormone Replacement Therapy HS Half Strength HSM Hepatosplenomegaly HSV Herpes simplex virus HTN Hypertension Hx History I&D Incision and drainage I&O Intake and output I:E Inspiratory to Expiratory ratio IABP Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump IAP Intermittent Acute Porphyria IBC Iron Binding Capacity IBD Inflammatory Bowel Disease IBS Irritable Bowel Syndrome IBW Ideal Body Weight ICA Internal Carotid Artery ICCE Intracapsular Cataract Extraction ICF Intermediate Care Facility, Intracellular Fluid ICP Intracranial Pressure ICS Intercostal Space ICSH Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone ICT Inflammation of Connective Tissue ICU Intensive Care Unit IDDM Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus IDM Infant of Diabetic Mother IDU Injection Drug User, Injecting Drug User IE Inspiratory Exerciser IGF Insulinlike Growth Factor IH Infectious Hepatitis IHD Ischemic Heart Disease IHSS Idiopathic Hypertropic Subaortic Stenosis IIP Implantable Insulin Pump IM Intramuscular IMV Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation INF Intravenous Nutritional Fluid INN International Nonpropritary Names INR International Normalization Ratio IOF International Operation Forces IPAP Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure IPD Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis IPPB Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing IPPV Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation IPV Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine IQ Intelligence Quotient IRBBB Incomplete Right Bundle Branch Block IRDM Insulin Resistant Diabetes Mellitus ITP Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura IUCD Intrauterine Contraceptive Device IUD IntraUterine Device IV Intravenous IVC Intravenous Cholangiogram or Inferior Vena Cava IVDA IV Drug Abuse/Abuser IVDP Intervertebral Disc Prolapase IVF In Vitro Fertilization IVH Intraventricular hemorrhage IVIG Intravenous Immunoglobulin IVP Intravenous Pyelography JODM Juvenile Onset Diabetes Mellitus JVD Jugular Vein Distention JVP Jugular Venous Pressure K Potassium KAFO Knee Ankle Foot Orthosis KCl Potassium Chloride KCT Kaolin Clotting Time KI Potassium Iodide KOR Keep Open Rate KT Kinesio Therapy, Kinesiotherapist KUB Kidney, Ureter, Bladder KVO Keep Vein Open F & R Force and Rhythm FA Fatty Acid FAP Familial Adenomatous Polyposis FAS Fetal Alcohol Syndrome FB Foreign Body FBS Fasting Blood Sugar FD Fatal Dose, Focal Distance FDA Food & Drug Administration FES Functional Electrical Stimulation FEV Forced expiratory volume FFA Fellow Faculty of Anaesthetists FFCM Fellow Faculty of Community Medicine FFFP Fellow of the Faculty of Family Planning FFP Fresh frozen plasma FFPath Fellow Faculty of Pathology FFPHM Fellow Faculty of Public Health Medicine FFR Fellow Faculty of Radiologists FHR Foetal Heart Rate FHT Foetal Heart Tones FISH Fluorescent In Situ Hybridizatio FMS Fibromyalgia Syndrome FNA Fine-Needle Aspiration FRC Functional residual capacity FRCA Fellow Royal College of Anaesthetists FRCGP Fellow Royal College of General Practitioners FRCOG Fellow Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists FRCOphth Fellow College of Ophthalmology FRCPath Fellow Royal College of Pathologists FRCPS Fellow Royal College of Physicians & Surgeons FRCPsych Fellow Royal College of Psychiatrists FRCR Fellow Royal College of Radiologists FRCS Fellow Royal College of Surgeons FRCSI Fellow Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland FRS Fellow of the Royal Society FRSH Fellow Royal Society of Health FSH Follicle Stimulating Hormone FUO Fever of Unknown Origin FVC Forced Vital Capacity FVD Fluid Volume Deficit Fx Fracture L & A Light and Accommodation LAc Licensed Acupuncturist LAD Left Anterior Descending (artery) LAE Left atrial enlargement LAHB Left Anterior Hemiblock LAO Left Anterior Oblique LAP Left Atrial Pressure, Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase LATS Long Acting Thyroid Stimulator LB Large Bowel LBBB Left Bundle Branch Block LBT Lupus Band Test LBW Low Birth Weight LCA Left Coronary Artery LCAT Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase LDH Lactate Dehydrogenase LDL Low Density Lipoprotein LE Lupus Erythematosus LE Lower Extremities LEEP Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure LES Lower Esophageal Sphincter LFTs Liver Function Test LGSIL Low Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion LGV Lymphogranuloma Venereum LIH Left Inguinal Hernia LIJ Left Internal Jugular LLL Left Lower Lobe LLQ Left Lower Quadrant LMA Laryngeal Mask Airway LMP Last Menstrual Period LMS Licentiate of Medicine & Surgery LNMP Last Normal Menstrual Period LNPF Lymph Node Permeability Factor LOC Loss of Conciousness LOX Liquid Oxygen LP Lumbar Puncture LPH Lipotropic Pituitary Hormone (Lipotropin) LPN Licensed Practical Nurse LRCP Licentiate Royal College of Physicians LRCPI Licentiate Royal College of Physicians of Ireland LRCPS Licentiate Royal College of Physicians & Surgeons LRCS Licentiate Royal College of Surgeons LRCSI Licentiate Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland LSC Left Subclavian LSIL Low Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion LT Left LUQ Left Upper Quadrant LVEDP Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure LVEF Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction LVET Left Ventricular Ejection Time LVF Left Ventricular Failure, heart condition LVH Left Ventricular Hypertrophy LVN Licensed Visiting Nurse, Licensed Vocational Nurse M.D. Doctorate of Medicine MAA Macroaggregated Albumin MAb Monoclonal Antibody MAC Mycobacterium Avium Complex MAI Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare MAO Monoamine Oxidase MAP Mean Arterial Pressure, Morning After Pill MAR Medication Administration Record MAST Medical Antishock Trousers MBAcA Member British Acupuncture Association MBC Maximum Breathing Capacity MBT Maternal blood type MCH Mean Cell Hmoglobin, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin MCHC Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration MCL Modified Chest Lead MCV Mean Cell Volume MD Doctor of Medicine MDD Major Depressive Disorder MDF Myocardial Depressant Factor MDI Multiple Daily Vitamin, Metered Dose Inhaler MDS Myleodyplastic Syndrome MEDLARS Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System MEP Maximal Expiratory Pressure MET Metabolic Equivalent of Task MFFP Member Faculty of Family Planning MFOM Member Faculty of Occupational Medicine MFPHM Member Faculty of Public Health Medicine MHC Major Histocompatibility Complex MHz Megahertz MI Myocardial Infarction MICU Medical Intesnive Care Unit MID Minimal Infecting Dose MIP Maximum Inspiratory Pressure MLC Midline Catheter MLD Minimal Lethal Dose MLE Midline episiotomy MM Mucous Membrane MMEF Maximal mid expiratory flow MMR Measles-Mumps-Rubella (Vaccine) MoAbs Monoclonal Antibodies MOM Milk of Magnesia MPD Maximal Permissible Dose MPS Mononuclear Phagocyte System MRA Magnetic Resonance Augiography MRCGP Member Royal College of General Practitioners MRCOG Member Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists MRCP Member Royal College of Physicians MRCPath Member Royal College of Pathologists MRCPI Member Royal College of Physicians of Ireland MRCPsych Member Royal College of Psychiatrists MRCS Member Royal College of Surgeons MRD Minimal Reacting Dose MRDD Mental Retarded/Developmentally Disabled MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRM Modified Radical Mastectomy MRSA Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus MS Multiple Sclerosis, Morphine Sulfate MSG Monosodium Glutamate MSH Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone MSO4 Morphine Sulfate MSSA Methicillin-sensitive staph aureus MTP Medically Termination of Pregnancy MUSE Medicated urethral system erection MVA Motor Vehicle Accident (I see this one quite a bit on ER reports) MVI Multivitamin injection MVP Mitral Valve Prolapse MVV Maximum Voluntary Ventilation MPH Master of Public Health MA Master of Arts MBBCh Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery MBBS Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery MBChB Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery MCh Master of Surgery MChir Master of Surgery MChOrth Master of Orthopaedic Surgery MClinPscychol Master of Clinical Psychology MD Doctor of Medicine MMed Master of Medicine MMedSc Master of Medical Science MPhil Master of Philosophy MS Master of Surgery MSc Master of Science MChD Magister Chirurgiae Dentium (Master of Dental Surgery) MChiro Master of Chiropractic MD(Naturopathy) Doctor of Naturopathic Medicine MSN Master of Science in Nursing MSPT Master of Science in Physical Therapy MPT Master of Science in Physical Therapy MAc Master of Acupuncture MSOM Masters of Science in Oriental Medicine MSTOM Masters of Science in Traditional Oriental Medicine MChinMed Master of Chinese Medicine N/T No Tenderness/Not Tender Na Sodium NaCl Sodium Chloride NAD No Acute Distress NANDA North American Nursing Diagnosis Association NAS No Added Salt NC Nasal Cannula NCV Nerve Conduction Velocity NDA New Drug Application NED No Evidence of Disease NEEP Negative End Expiratory Pressure NG NasoGastric NGF Nerve Growth Factor (Antigen) NIBP Non Invasive Blood pressure NICU Neonatal Intensive Care Unit NIDDM Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus NIH National Institutes of Health NKA No Known Allergies NKDA Non-Ketotic Diabetic Acidosis NKDA No Known Drug Allergies NKHC Non-Ketotic Hyperglycemic Coma NKHHC NonKetonic Hyperglycemic-Hyperosmolar Coma NKMA No Known Medcation Allergies NLM National Library of Medicine NMN Nicotinamide Mononucleotide NOS Not Otherwise Specified NP Nurse Practitioner NPA Nasopharyngeal Airway NPD Nightly Peritoneal Dialysis NPO Nothing by Mouth NPQ Not Physically Qualified NREM Nonrapid Eye Movement (Sleep) NRM No regular medications NS Normal Saline (IV) NSAID Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug NSR Normal Sinus Rythym (Cardiac) NT NasoTracheal NTD Neural Tube Defect NUG Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis NV Nausea & Vomiting NWB NON-WEIGHT BEARING NYD Not Yet Diagnosed ND Doctor of Naturopathy O & P Ova and Parasites O2 Oxygen OBS Organic Brain Syndrome OCD Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCG Oral cholecystogram OD Overdose OD Oculus dexter, Right Eye OGTT Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OMS Organic Mental Syndrome OOB Out of Bed OP Osmotic Pressure, Outpatient OPA Oropharyngeal Airway OPV Oral polio vaccine ORD Optical Rotatory Dispersion ORIF Open Reduction and Internal Fixation ORIF Open Reduction Internal Fixation OS Oculus sinister, Left Eye OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration OT Occupational Therapy, Occupational Therapist OU Oculus uterque, Both Eyes OD Doctor of Osteopathy P.A.R.P Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase PA Posteroanterior PA Physician Assistant PA-C Physician Assistant Certified PABA Para-Aminobenzoic Acid PAC Premature Atrial Contraction PAD Peripheral Arterial Disease PAF Platelet-Aggregating Factor, Platelet-Activating Factor PAP Pulmonary artery pressure PAT Paroxysymal Atrial Tachycardia PCA Patient Controlled Analgesia, Posterior Communicating Artery PCN Penicillin, Primary Care Nurse PCNL Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy PCP Plasma Cell Pneumonia PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction PCT Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiograph PCV Packed Cell Volume PCWP Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure PD Peritoneal Dialysis, Prism Diopter PDA Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Posterior Descending Artery PDD Pervasive Development Disorder PDGF Platelet Derived Growth Factor PDLL Poorly Differentiated Lymphocytic Lymphoma PDR Physician's Desk Reference PE Pulmonary Edema / Embolism PE Pleural Effusion PEEP Positive End Expiratory Pressure PEG Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy, Polyethylene Glycol PEJ Percutaneous Endoscopic Jejunostomy PERL Pupils Equal, React to Light PERRLA Pupils Equal, Round, React to Light, Accommodation PET Positron Emission Tomography PFT Pulmonary Function Test PG Prostaglandin PH Past History pH Power of the concentration of the Hydrogen ion PH.D. Doctorate of Philosophy PHA Phytohemagglutinin (Antigen) PHN Public Health Nurse, Postherpetic Neuralgia PI Present Illness PICC Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheter PID Pelvic Inflammatory Disease PIH Pregnancy Induced Hypertension PK Pyruvate Kinase PKU Phenylketonuria PM ParaMedic PMHx Prior/Previous Medical History PMI Point of Maximal Impulse PML Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy PMN Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte (Neutrophil) PMR Polymyalgia Rheumatica PMS Pre Menstrual Syndrome PMS Peripheral Motor (nervous) System PNB Pulseless Not Breathing PND Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea PNDT Pre natal diagnostic tests PNH Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria PNS Peripheral Nervous System PO Per Oral PO2 Partial pressure of O2 POD Post-Op Day POTS POSTURAL ORTHOSTATIC TACHYCARDIA SYNDROME PP Postprandial or pulsus paradoxus PPCA Proserum Prothrombin Conversion Accelerator PPD Purified Protein Derivative PPM Permanent Pacemaker PPMS Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis PPS Post-Polio Syndrome PPV Positive Pressure Ventilation PR Per Rectum Pr Praseodymium; Presbyopia PRA Plasma Renin Activity PRBC Packed Red Blood Cells PRHO Pre-Registration House Officer (now replaced by Foundation Year 1) PRN (Pro Re Nata) As Needed PROM Passive Range Of Motion, Premature Rupture Of Membranes PRP Platelet Rich Plasma PS Pyloric Stenosis PSA Prostate Specific Antigen PSVT Paroxysmal Supra-Ventricular Tachycardia PT Prothrombin Time PTA Plasma Thromboplastin Anteceden PTAH Phosphotungstic Acid Hematoxylin PTCA Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty PTH Parathyroid hormone PTHC Percutanous transhepatic cholangiogram PTSD Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder PTT Partial Thromboplastin Time PUD Peptic Ulcer Disease PUD Pelvic Uterine Disease PUJ Pelviureteral Junction PUPPP Pruritic Urticarial Papules and Plaques of Pregnancy PVC Premature ventricular contraction PVD Peripheral Vascular Disease PVL Plasma Viral Load PVR Post voiding residual PWB PARTIAL WEIGHT BEARING Px Pneumothorax PhD Doctor of Philosophy PharmD Doctor of Pharmacy QD Quaque die (Everyday) QID Quater in die (Four Times a Day) QNS Quantity Not Sufficient QOD Every Other Day QS Quantity Sufficient, Quantity Required R/O Rule out RA Rheumatoid Arthritis RAD Reactive Airway Disease, Right atrial axis deviation RAE Right Atrial Enlargement RAI Radioactive Iodine RAIU Radioactive Iodine Uptake RAP Right Atrial Pressure RAS Reticular Activating System RBBB Right Bundle Branch Block RBC Red blood cells RBP Retinol-binding protein RCA Right Coronary Artery RDA Recommended daily allowance RDH Registered Dental Hygienist rDNA ribosomal DNA RDW Red Cell Distribution Width REEDA Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Drainage, Approximation RFLP Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism RHD Rheumatic Heart Disease, Relative Hepatic Dullness RIA Radioimmunoassay RIH Right inguinal hernia RIJ Right Internal Jugular RLL Right Lower Lobe RLQ Right Lower Quadrant RM Respiratory Movement RML Right Middle Lobe RNA Ribonucleic Aacid ROM Range of Motion ROS Review of Systems RPA Registered Physician Assistant RPA-C Registered Physician Assistant - Certified RPF Renal Plasma Flow RPG Retrograde Pyelogram RPMS Relapsing-progressive multiple sclerosis RPR Rapid Plasma Regain (Test) RRMS Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis RRR Regular rate and rhyth RSC Right Subclavian RSR Regular Sinus Rhythym RSV Respiratory Syncitial Virus RT Respiratory or Radiation Therapy RTA Renal Tubular Acidosis RTE Renal Tubular Epithelium RU Resin Uptake RUG Retrograde urethogram RUL Right Upper Lobe RUQ Right Upper Quadrant RV Residual Volume RVEF Right Ventricular Ejection Fraction RVH Right ventricular hyperthrophy Rx Prescription, Pharmacy S/S Signs & Symptoms SA Sinoatrial SAA Synthetic Amino Acid SAB Spontaneous Abortion SABA Supplied Air Breathing Apparatus SAED SemiAutomatic External Defibrillator SAST Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase SB Spina Bifida SBE Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis SBFT Small bowel follow through SBO Small Bowel Obstruction SBS Short bowel syndrome SC Subcutaneous SCBU Special care baby Unit SCI Spinal Cord Injury SCr Serum creatinine SDFI Secure Digital forensic Imaging SEM Systolic ejection murmur SG Swan-Ganz SGA Small for Gestational Age SGGT Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase SGOT Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase SGPT Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase SHO Senior House Officer SIADH Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone SIDS Sudden Infant Death Syndrome SIMV Synchronous intermittent mandatory ventilation SLE Systemic Lupus Erythematosus SLUD Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation SMO Standing Medical Orders SNF Skilled Nursing Facility SOAP Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan SOB Short(ness) Of Breath SPECT Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography SPMS Secondary preogressive multiple sclerosis SPO2 Saturation of peripheral Oxygen SpR Specialist Registrar SQ Subcutaneous SR Sedimentation Rate SRIF Somatotropin Release Inhibiting Factor SS Social Services SSRI Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor SSS Sick Sinus Syndrome SSS Subclavian Steal Syndrome ST Sinus Tachycardia (cardiac) STD Sexually Transmitted Disease STH Somatotropic Hormone STM Short Term Memory SUI Stress Urinary Incontinence SVC Superior Vena Cava SVCAD Single Vessel Coronary Artery Disease SVD Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery SVR Systemic Vascular Resistance SVT Supra-Ventricular Tachycardia Sx Surgery Sx Symptoms Sz Seizure T&H Ttype and hold T3 Triiodothyronine T4 Thyroxine TAH Total Abdominal Hysterectomy TB Tuberculosis/Trouble Breathing TBF Total Body Failure TBG Total binding globulin TBI Traumatic Brain Injury TBSA Total Body Surface Area TCDB Turn, Cough, Deep Breathe Td Tetanus-diphtheria toxoid TED (hose) Thrombo-Embolism Deterrent TEF Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula TEN Toxic Epidermal Necroly-sis TEP Transesophageal Puncture TESD Total End-Systolic Diameter TFCI Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia THR Total Hip Replacement TIA Transient Ischemic Attack TIBC Total Iron Binding Capacity TID Ter in die (Three Times a Day) TIG Tetanus immune globulin TIL Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes TKO To keep open TKR Total Knee Replacement TLC Total lung capacity TM Tympanic Membrane TMJ Temporo mandibular joint TNF Tumor Necrosis Factor TNM Tumor, Node, Metastases TNTC Too Numerous To Mention TOF Tetralogy of falot TOPV Trivalent Oral Polio Vaccine TP Tuberculin Precipitation tPA Tissue Plasminogen Activator TPN Total Parenteral Nutrition TPR Temperature, Pulse, Respirations TRH Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (Stimulation Test) tRNA transfer RNA TSH Thyroid stimulating hormone TSTA Tumor-Specific Trans-plantation Antigen TT Thrombin Time TTN Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn TTO Trans Tracheal Oxygen TTP Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura TU Tuberculin units TUPR Trans-Urethral Prostatic Resection TUR (or TURP) Trans-Urethral Resection of the Prostate TURBT Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor TVH Total vaginal hysterectomy TVUS Transvaginal Ultrasound tw Twice a week TWB Touch Weight Bear TWE Tap Water Enema Tx Treatment, Traction UA Urinalysis UAC Uric acid UAO Upper Airway Obstruction UBW Usual Body Weight UDP Uridine Diphosphate UGI Upper Gastrointestinal UPJ Ureteropelvic Junction URI Upper Respiratory Infection URI Urinary Incontinence URS Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy US Ultrasonic, Ultrasound UTI Urinary Tract Infection UTP Uridine Triphosphate UUN Urinary urea nitrogen UVJ Ureterovesical Junction VA Visual Acuity VBAC Vaginal Birth After Caeserean VC Vital capacity VCUG Voiding cystourethrogram VF/Vfib Ventricular Fibrillation VIP Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide VLDL Very Low Density Lipoprotein VMA Vanillylmandelic Acid VMD Veterinary Medical Doctor VNS Vagus Nerve Stimulation VO Verbal or Voice order VPB Ventricular Premature Beat VPC Ventricular Premature Contraction VSA Vital Signs Absent VSD Ventricular Septal Defect VSS Vital Signs Stable VT/Vtach Ventricular Tachycardia VW Vessel Wall W/C Wheelchair WB Whole blood WBC White Blood Cell WD Well Developed WDI Warm, Dry, Intact Skin assessment WHO World Health Organization WMA World Medical Association WN Well Nourished WNL Within Normal Limits WPW Wolf-Parkinson-White XRT X-ray therapy Y Yttrium Yb Ytterbium Z Carbobenzoxy (Chloride) ZE Zollinger-Ellison ZEEP Zero End-Expiratory Pressure Zn Zinc Zr Zirconium ZSR Zeta Sedimentation Ratio