4.

2 Goals of Teaching Speaking

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Teaching speaking is very important, the main goal of teaching the productive skill is
oral fluency and to communicate effectively. The ability to express oneself intelligibly,
reasonably and without undue hesitation, so that the learners understand the others and vice
versa. According to Baker and Westrup (2003, p.5), teaching speaking can be beneficial for
various reasons:

Firstly, it gives students the chance to use the new language they are learning.
Secondly, in teaching speaking can reinforce the learning of functional language and diagnose
their strengths as well as their weaknesses. Thirdly, teaching speaking lead them to speak
fluently and without difficulty.

All this helps to improve students’ communicative skills. In narrower sense , the
rationale behind teaching speaking can be either for learning the language (McCarthy,
1972,p.9) “When people are learning to speak a language, they are concerned mainly with two
things; first, knowing what to say- what words and phrases to use at any given moment, in any
given situation- and second, being able to say it- able to perform the required actions, the
movement necessary, for saying those words and phrases aloud.” ; or for the purpose of
communication “To be more orally productive, learners would need to be more capable of
responding in a relevant and socially appropriate manner to the communication of others.”
(Haley and Austin 2004, p.189). Moreover; Brown and Yule(1999,p.27) state that, the
intention of teaching speaking is the students should be able to express themselves in the
target language , to cope with basic interactive skills like exchanging greetings, thanks, and to
express his needs requests information and others, etc( as cited in Susaniyah , 2015,p.10).

In other words, the speaker when he speaks he may have some communicative
purposes. So, people say things because they want something to happen as a result of what
they say, like for example to give information in order to express pleasure and fun, to agree or
disagree in such cases the speaker wants to achieve his communicative purposes .For
instance; teachers need to choose different activities and vary in their methods in order to
release the goal of teaching speaking or the student’s communicative purposes.