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Yamashita v. Styer
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Yamashit
av.St
yer(
1945)
Moran,C.
J.

FACTS:
•Peti
ti
on erGe n.T omo y uk iYa ma sh it
a-t he“ Tig ero fMa la ya”-wa st hec omma nd ingg ener aloft he1 4thAr my
Groupo ftheJ apanes eI mp eri
al Ar myi nt hePhi li
p pines .
•Hec omma nd edt heJ ap anes ear myi nt heirr etreatf romt hePh ili
ppi nes( 194 4- 45),wh ereint heJ ap anesear my
commi tt
edar son,mur der ,rape,pi l
lage,andot herat roc itiesagai ns ttheFi lipinoandAmer i
canpeopl es.
•Sep.3 ,1 945–Fo llowi ngt h edef eato fJ apa n,Ya ma shi tas urre nd er e
dt oth eUSAr myi nBa gu i
o.Hebe camea
Unit
edSt a t
esPr ison ero fWa ra ndwa sh eldi nNe w Bi l
ibi dPr ison .
•Oct.1,1 94 5–Byc omma n do fr esp onde ntGe n.Wi lli
a m St yer( Co mma nd ingGe ne ra l
,USAr my ,We st
e rnPa ci
fic)
andpur s uan ttoaut h orizationf rom Gen er al Headquar t
er s ,Uni t
edSt atesAr myFor c es,Wes ternPac ific,aMi li
tary
Commi ss i
onwa sap po intedt ot ryY ama shita .
•Oct.2,1 94 5–Ac ha r gef orv iolationoft hel a wsofwarwa ss erv edu po nYa ma shita.
o Th ec har geal lege dt hatd uringth ep er i
odbe twe enOc t.9,1 94 4a ndSep t
.3 ,1945,Ya ma shit
a," wh il
e
comman deroft hear medf orcesofJ apanatwarwi tht heUni t
edSt at esandi t
salli
es ,unl awfull
y
disre gard eda ndf aile
dt od ischargehi sdu tyasc omman dert oc ont rolth eo perati
on so ft heme mb er sof
hisc ommand,per mi tt
ingt hem t oc ommi tbr utal atroc it
iesandot herhi ghc rimesag ains tthepeopl eoft he
Uni tedSt atesandi t
sal li
esanddependenc i
es ,par ticular l
yt hePhi lippines ."
•Oct.8,1945–Uponar r
aignment ,Yamas hitap leadedno tg uilt
y .Ont hesamed ate,t hepr osec utionfi l
edab ill
of
part
icularss pec i
fy i
ng6 4o ffe ns esc o mmi ttedb yYa ma sh ita.La ter12 3o ffe ns eswe read ded.
•Oct.19,1 945–Yama sh it
amo v edt od ismi sst hec ase ,a llegin g:
o thatt hec har ge–asmodi fiedbyt hebi l
l
sofpar t
ic ulars–f ail
edt os tateav iolati
onoft hel awsofwarby
Y ama shita;
o thatt heMi l
i
tar yCommi ss i
onhadnoj urisdictiont ot ryt hec as e.
•Oct.29,1 945–Yama sh it
a’smo ti
ont od ismi sswasde nie d.T ri
a lo fthec as eb eg ano nthes amed ay.
o Att heopeni ngoft hetr i
al,thepr osec ut i
ons tatedt hatt heUni tedSt atesdi dnotgi v enot iceoft het rialto
thepr otec ti
ngpowero fJ apan( Sp ain) ,suc hno tic eb ei ngr equi r
edb yAr ticle60oft heGene vaCon ven ti
on,
a ndbyp ar agr aph13 3o ftheRu le sofL an dWa r fare ,Un i
te dSt atesWa rDe pa rt
me nt.
o Thedef ens eobj ec tedt ot heintroduc tiont ot wopi ec esofev idenc e( bot hobj ecti
onswer eov erruled) :
!
Affida vi tofNauk ataUt sunomi a,ont hegr oundst hatAr ticl
eofWar25pr ohibitedt heintroduc t
ion
ofdepos it
ionsbyt hepr os ec ut i
oni nt rialsofc api t
al cas esbef oreac ourt-mar ti
al ormi l
itary
commi ssion;
!
Un sp ec ifiedpi e ceofh ea rsa yev iden ce ,o nt h egr o un dt hatt h ea dmi ssiono fh ea rsayev iden ce

Search
violatedAr t
icl
eofWar38aswel l ast her ulesofev i
denc einUSdi s tri
ctcour ts.
Upload EN
•Yamas hitat henfi l
edap eti
tionf orh abeascor pusandpr ohi biti
onagai ns tGen.St yer,prayin gthatheber eturned
topri
soner -
of -wars tatusandt hatt heMi li
tar yCommi ssi onbepr ohi bitedf rom t ry i
nghi scas e.

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Doest
heMi
l
it
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ssi
onha
vej
uri
sdi
ct
iont
otr
yYamas
hit
a’
scas
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• TheSupr emeCour t,beingac i
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dicti
ontogr anttheremedi esbeingprayedfor
,asthet ri
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mil
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sionhasno tbeenimpl eaded.
Saved TheSupr emeCour ts t
illhasnoj ur
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aint hepe ti
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one ve niftheMi l
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o Raquiz
av .Bradford:Anex er
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sdi
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sov ertheUni t
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expi
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ionofthes t
ateofwari sav iolati
onofthec ountr
y’sfait
h.Thisr ul
i
ngappl i
eswit
hgreaterforceto
Yamashit
a,whoi saccus edofc ommi t
ti
nghorri
bleatrocit
iesagains
tt heFil
ipinopeopl
e.
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As tateofwa rma yc ont inuet opr evaila ft

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