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REFERENCES
MILLIGAN,V., SODERMAW, L. 6., and RUTKA, A., 1962. Experience with Canadian vanred
clays. J. Soil Mech. atad Found. Bizs. ASCE, S M 4 : 31.
RAYMOND, 6. P., and HILTS,D., 1964. Pr~dictionof settkments and pore pressures beneath
a highway embadment at New Eideard, Ont. Ont. Joint Highway Research Pro-
gramme Report 36.
SODERAIAN, L. G., and Q ~ G L E YR., M., 1965. Geotechnical properties of three O n t a r i ~
clays. This J O ~ W A2, L3: 16749.
TOWNSEND, D. L., and METCALF,J. B., 1964. Chsifkation tests of some Ontario isaroed
clay samples. Ontario Joint Highway Research Pr~grammeReport 26.
For personal use only.
DISCUSSION
G E R A L D P. R A Y M O N D
Professor of Ciuil Engineering, Queen's Unioersity, Kingston
Third, shown on Figure 1 of this discussion is a plot of field void ratio against
compression index for this varvecl clay. It is quite apparent that there is much
variation in the soil properties. At the moment it would appear that the only
way of analysing this material is to try to obtain an average field void ratio to
give an average compression index or an a ~ ~ e r a gvalue
e of the consolidation
characteristics (the same type of plot being used to determine the other
consolidation characteristics ) .
A COARSER GRAINED L A Y E R
V FINER GRAINED LAYER
B HYDROSATATIC CONS. (VAWVES HOffZ.)
x HYDROSATATIC C O N S . (VARVES VEWT.)
FIGURE 1. Correlation betwen cornpressiun index and field void ratio of New Liskeard
a-arved soil
Fourth, in such a deep deposit it is felt that some effect of the variation of
the soil's characteristics with respect to depth should be taken into account.
Some work along these lines has been presented by Srhiffman and Gibso11
DISCUSSION: AN EMBANKMENT C9N BEEP VARVED CLAY 68
( 1964), Davis and Raymond ( 1965), and Raymond ( 1966b). Further work
will, it is hoped be presented by the writer and will acount, also, for the
variation in consolidation coefficients during the coilsolidation process.
Fifth, some consideration of laterial drainage must be given.
IVhile it is not our intention to elaborate on any of these points at this time,
it is perhaps worth recording that the Ontario Department of Highways and
Queen's University have been co-operating throligh the Ontario Joint I-Iiglway
Can. Geotech. J. Downloaded from www.nrcresearchpress.com by 70.28.6.7 on 06/03/14
w ~I>.,
H ~ ~ a r o G. , 1965. Discussion. This JOURNAI, 2, 2: 100-14.
RAYMOXD, G. P., 1966a. Consolidation of slightly overconsolidated soils. Broc. ASCE 92,
SM5:1-20.
RAY~IONL), C:. P., 196611. Laboratory consoliclation of some normally consolidated soils.
This J o r r n ~ ~3,
r ,4: 217-34.
RAPF.~ND, G. P., and &AN, 1-1. T., 1965. The consolidnfion of mzcki-layered soils subjected
to barge bockd rcltios and om-dinlensionai clmiilage. Department of Highways, Report
HB 104.
S~I%II.P;MAN, H. L., and GIBSON, R, E., 1964. The consoliciation of non-hoinogcneor~s clay
layers. Psoc. ASCE 90, SM5: 1-30.
G. B. C R A W F O R D and.:1 J. E D E N
Soil MccFannics Sectioal, Dz'uisi.i61nof Buil~lingResearcF~,Nutioalal Wesecrn:h GounciE