Design of Earth Retaining walls

Parameter Backfill Soil Existing Soil

Height H 4.6 m
Water Table z 3.07 m
Down Fill D 1 m
Unit weight of soil 17 15 kN/m3
sat unit weight of soil 20 kN/m3
unit weight of water 9.81 kN/m3
Unit weight of concrete 25 kN/m3
surcharge 10 kN/m2

Representative ∅' 32.0 27.0 °

Design Tan(∅') tan(∅')/1.2 0.521 0.425

Design ∅' 27.5 23.0 °

Representative c' 0 15 kPa

∅δ˚°
Design c' c'/1.2 0 12.5 kPa

Design Tan(δ') .75*design Tan(∅') 0.391 0.319

Design δ' 21.3 17.7 °

δ'/∅' 0.776 0.768

Ka 0.3682357935 0.43813002

Dimensions of proposed wall

t2 0.3

2
 2

t 0.46

t1 0.46 4

B 2.76

Vertical Stress Horizontal Stress

Between 0 z 3.07
σ'v= γz + q σ'H= ka*σ'v-ka*c'
σ'v1 10 kN/m2 σ'H1 3.9
σ'v2 62.19 kN/m2 σ'H2 24.3

Between 3.07 z 4.6

σ'v3 77.7807 kN/m2 σ'H3 30.4

σ'w 15.0
σ'H final 45.4

Overturning Moment - Considering Unit Length of the Wall Restoring Moment

Section Force kN Liver Arm Moment kNm Section

A 12.0 3.065 36.8 1
B 31.3 2.553 79.9 2
C 37.2 0.765 28.4 3
D 16.1 0.510 8.2 4
Uptrust 20.7 1.840 38.1 Surcharge
Total Turning Moment 191.4 Total Restoring Moment
 17.5
0.315202
0.099352

1.664783

z 3.07

x= 0.24833
 d 0.46

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
-0.5

-1 B
-1.5
ka*σ'v-ka*c' z σ'H -2 A
-4.6 0 3.906063
-2.5
-4.6 -3.07 24.2918 C
-3
-4.6 -4.6 45.39093 D
-3.5

3.906063 0 -4

3.906063 -4.6 -4.5

-5
24.2918 -3.07
24.2918 -4.6

3.906063 -3.07
24.2918 -3.07
Restoring Moment

Force kN Liver Arm Moment kNm

96.0296 1.84 176.6945 FOS = 1.85
39.376 1.84 72.45184 against over turning
39.33 0.70833 27.85861
31.74 1.38 43.8012 Overturning Satisfied
18.4 1.84 33.856
Total Restoring Moment 354.6621
15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50