1 Introduction

The Government of Andhra Pradesh (GOAP) through MA&UD (CRDA) represented by

Commissioner, Andhra Pradesh Capital Region Development Authority (APCRDA),
Vijayawada is engaged in the development of Andhra Pradesh New Capital city, Amaravat
and as part of this endeavor, it has been decided to undertake “APCRDA - Investgaton,
Design and Constructon of Roads, Drains, Water Supply, Sewerage, STP, utlity Ducts
for Power & ICT, Reuse waterline & Avenue Plantaton, compatble with trunk
infrastructure in Layouts for Land Pooling Schemes for Pichukulapalem (part),
Thulluru (Part) and Ananthavaram (Part) in Zone-4 area in Amaravat Capital City,
Andhra Pradesh on Lumpsum contract (% Percentage Tender) & performance based
O&M of the infrastructure created for a period of 7 Years (including DLP of 2 Years).”

Andhra Pradesh Capital Region Development Authority (APCRDA) (Client) has awarded the
aforesaid project to BSR Infratech (Contractor).
2 General Arrangement

Longitudinal Box drains of various sizes have been proposed in this project. This design note
pertains to design of SWD for fill heights varying from 0.6m to 3m. This design note is
applicable for box widths of 0.9m and clear height of 2.25 & 2.5m. Thickness for top slab is
worked out to be 200mm, that of sidewall and bottom slab shall be 200mm (with 100 mm
PCC layer over 300 mm of sand filling at bottom of bottom slab).Salient features of the box
drain are as below :

1. Grade of Concrete - M30

2. Grade of Steel - Fe500D
3. Crack Width limit - 0.2 mm

For Invert and other details refer Profile Drawings. The details of the drain sizes are shown
below.

S. No. Span as per Hydraulic Span Considered in Drawing Numbers

Design Structural Design
1 0.9 X 2.25 0.9 X 2.5
BSR-ACC-IV-SW-DWG-7202
2 0.9 X 2.5 0.9 X 2.5

Typical Elevation/Section of Longitudinal Box Drain

3 Analysis Procedure

After careful study of FEM analysis of skew/box structure 2D frame model, it is found that
results are comparable, therefore 2D frame analysis carried out for simplificaton of design
procedure. A 2-D frame model of 1m width and appropriate thicknesses is created. Soil
below box is modelled as springs with modulus of subgrade reacton for SBC of 10 t/m2 for
shallow fill up to 2.0m and 15 t/m2 for fills above 2.0m.

3.1 Loads and Load Combinations

DL of box drain and SIDL due to soil fill are applied over top slab. SIDL due to pavement
crest is also considered. The earth pressures are applied on both sides both for at rest
conditon when pedestrian load comes onto the drain and when vehicular live load is
considered EP at rest on both sides with surcharge load is considered on one side. Similarly
the same is repeated in submerged conditon of box drain.

Live load positons, which give maximum secton forces, are determined and corresponding
Intensites are applied on top slab following “Load Dispersion rule”.

Partal safety factors are considered according to IRC 6:2017 Annexure B Table B.2 for
verificaton of structural strength and Table B.3 for verificaton of Serviceability Limit.

The input file of STAAD Model is included for reference.

Design is done in accordance with IS 456-2000 (Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Indian
Standard code of practce for general structural use of plain and reinforced concrete).

Based on ground water table, two types are considered for design.

a. Drains above ground water table are designed for Non Submerged conditon.
b. Drains below ground water table are designed for both Submerged and Non Submerged
conditon.

The following set of loads and load combinatons are considered and assigned in STAAD
model for analysis and design.

Table 3-1 Load Cases considered for Drains above Ground Water Table

STAAD
LOAD Load Combination / Case
CASE
NO.
1 Dead Load
2 Vehicular Live Load
3 Earth Pressure
 4 Live Load Surcharge on One Side
5 Live Load Surcharge on Both Sides
6 Pedestrian Live Load

Table 3-2 Load Cases considered for Drains below Ground Water Table

STAAD
LOAD Load Combination / Case
CASE
NO.
1 Dead Load
2 Vehicular Live Load
3 Earth Pressure
4 Live Load Surcharge on One Side
5 Live Load Surcharge on Both Sides
6 Pedestrian Live Load
7 Earth Pressure Submerged
8 Upward Water Pressure

Table 3-3 Load Combinations considered for Drains above Ground Water Table

Dead Vehicular Earth

STAAD Load Combination / Case Load Live Load Pressure
LOAD
CASE
NO. 1 2 3
7 Factored Pedestrian Live Load Leading 1.35 1.5
8 Factored Pedestrian Live Load Leading 1.35 1
9 Factored Pedestrian Live Load Accompanying 1 1.5
10 Factored Earth Pressure Leading 1.35 1.5
11 Factored Earth Pressure Accompanying 1.35 1
12 Factored Gravity Load Relieving 1 1.5
13 Factored Vehicular Live Load Leading 1.35 1.5 1.5
14 Factored Vehicular Live Load Leading 1.35 1.5 1
15 Factored Vehicular Live Load Accompanying 1 1.15 1.5
16 Unfactored Pedestrian Live Load 1 1
17 Unfactored Vehicular Live Load1 1 1
18 Unfactored Vehicular Live Load2 1 1 1
19 Quasi Permanent 1 1

Table 3-4 Load Combinations considered for Drains below Ground Water Table

Dead Vehicular Earth

STAAD Load Combination / Case Load Live Load Pressure
LOAD
CASE
NO.
 Dead Vehicular Earth
STAAD Load Combination / Case Load Live Load Pressure
LOAD
CASE
NO. 1 2 3
9 Factored Pedestrian Live Load Leading 1.35 1.5
10 Factored Pedestrian Live Load Leading Earth Pressure
Relieving 1.35 1
11 Factored Pedestrian Live Load Accompanying 1 1.5
12 Factored Earth Pressure Leading 1.35 1.5
13 Factored Earth Pressure Accompanying 1.35 1
14 Factored Gravity Load Relieving 1 1.5
15 Factored Live Load Leading 1.35 1.5 1.5
16 Factored Live Load Leading Earth Pressure Relieving 1.35 1.5 1
17 Factored Live Load Accompanying 1 1.15 1.5
18 Factored Submerged Earth Pressure Pedestrian Live Load
Leading 1.35
19 Factored Submerged Earth Pressure Relieving Pedestrian Live
Loading 1.35
20 Factored Submerged Earth Pressure Pedestrian Live Load
Accompanying 1
21 Factored Submerged Earth Pressure Vehicular Live Load
Leading 1.35
22 Factored Submerged Earth Pressure Relieving Vehicular Live
Load Leading 1.35
23 Factored Submerged Earth Pressure Vehicular Live Load
Accompanying 1
24 Factored Submerged Earth Pressure Vehicular Live Load
Leading 1.35 1.5
25 Factored Submerged Earth Pressure Relieving Vehicular Live
Load Leading 1.35 1.5
26 Factored Submerged Earth Pressure Vehicular Live Load
Accompanying 1 1.15
27 Unfactored Pedestrian Live Load 1 1
28 Unfactored Vehicular Live Load1 1 1
29 Unfactored Vehicular Live Load2 1 1 1
30
Unfactored Submerged Earth Pressure Pedestrian Live Load 1
31
Unfactored Submerged Earth Pressure Vehicular Live Load1 1
32
Unfactored Submerged Earth Pressure Vehicular Live Load2 1 1
33 Quasi Permanent 1 1
34 Quasi Permanent - Submerged Earth Pressure 1
ed
 Earth
Pressure Live Load Live Load
Surcharge on Surcharge on Pedestrian
one side Both sides Live Load
3 4 5 6
1.5 1.5
1 1.5
1.5 1.15
1.5 1.2
1 1.2
1.5 1.2
1.5 1.2
1 1.2
1.5 1.2
1 1
1 1
1 1
1

Earth
Pressure Live Load Live Load Earth Upward
Surcharge on Surcharge on Pedestrian Pressure Water
one side Both sides Live Load Submerged Pressure
 Live Load Live Load Earth Upward
Surcharge on Surcharge on Pedestrian Pressure Water
one side Both sides Live Load Submerged Pressure
3 4 5 6 7 8
1.5 1.5

1 1.5
1.5 1.15
1.5 1.2
1 1.2
1.5 1.2
1.5 1.2
1 1.2
1.5 1.2

1.5 1.5 1.5

1.5 1 1

1.15 1.5 1.5

1.2 1.5

1.2 1

1.2 1.5

1.2 1.5 1.5

1.2 1 1

1.2 1.5 1.5

1 1
1 1
1 1

1 1 1

1 1 1

1 1 1
1
1 1
4 Reference

Refer the following set of STAAD files in line with this Design Note.

1. MS71071-0.9X2.5-0.6 to 1 Fill.std
2. MS71072-0.9X2.5-1 to 1.5 Fill.std
3. MS71073-0.9X2.5-1.5 to 2 Fill.std
4. MS71074-0.9X2.5-2 to 2.5 Fill.std
5. MS71075-0.9X2.5-2.5 to 3 Fill.std

Refer the following set of Drawings in line with this Design Note.

1. BSR-ACC-IV-SW-DWG-7202-001
2. BSR-ACC-IV-SW-DWG-7202-002
5 LONGITUDINAL STORM WATER BOX DRAIN 0.9 m x 2.5 m
WITH FILL HEIGHT OF 0.6 m to 1 m.

DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL STORM WATER BOX DRAIN OF SIZE 0.90 m x 2.50 m

5.1 DEAD LOADS

Density of Concrete = 2.5 t/m3 (IRC: 6 - 2017)

Density of wearing coat = 2.2 t/m3 (IRC: 6 - 2017)
Density of Soil = 2 t/m3 (IRC: 6 - 2017)
Udl of top slab = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2
Length of slab = 1.3 m

Dead Load of Top Slab = 0.65 t/m width

Udl of Vertcal Walls = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2

Height of wall = 2.5 m
Dead Load of One Side Wall = 1.25 t/m

Udl of Base Slab = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2

Length of slab = 1.3 m
Dead Load of Bottom Slab = 0.65 t/m

Load of One Haunch = 0 t

5.2 SUPER IMPOSED DEAD LOAD

Height of fill = 0.8 m

SIDL due to soil fill on Top Slab = 1.6 t/m

Thickness of Precast Concrete tles = 0.025 m

Thickness of CC M-15 = 0.025 m
Thickness of GSB = 0.15 m
SIDL due to Pavement Crest for SWD = 0.455 t/m

5.3 PEDESTRIAN LIVE LOAD

 PDLL on Top Slab = 0.5 t/m

5.4 EARTH PRESSURES & LIVE LOAD SURCHARGE

Density of Soil = ϒ = 2 t/m3

Angle of Internal Fricton = φ = 30 º 0.5236 radians
Surcharge Angle = β = 0 º

Wall Angle = α = 0º

SBC = = 15 t/m2
Angle of Wall Fricton (δ) d = = 20 º 0.3491 radians
Slope of earth fil = = 0º

Coefficient of Earth pressure at rest = 0.5

Hence,Earth Pressure at base of box = 0.5×2×(1+0.2/2) = 1.1 t/m

Hence,Earth Pressure at base of box = 0.5×2×(1+2.9-0.2/2) = 3.8 t/m
Surcharge Height = 1.2 m
Live Load Surcharge on walls due to EP = 1.2 x 0.5 x 2 = 1.2 t/m

EARTH PRESSURE DIAGRAM FOR DRY CASE

5.5 BASE PRESSURE CHECK

Total Dead Load = 3.8 t

Total Base Area = 1.3 Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to Water = 1.73076923 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to DL = 2.92307692 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to LL = 3.16 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to SIDL = 2.06 t/Sq.m
Total Base Pressure = 9.872 t/m2 < 15 t/m2

5.6 UPLIFT FORCE CHECK

Weight of Culvert = 2.28 t

Weight of Soil above Culvert = 2.6 t
Weight of water in culvert = 2.25 t
 Total Downward Force = 7.13 t
Total Upward force = 5.07 t

Downward Force is greater than Upward Force SAFE

5.7 HFL CONDITION-CONSIDERING SUBMERGED DENSITY OF SOIL

Density of water = 1 t/m3

Earth Pressure at top of box = 1.65 t/m
Earth Pressure at base of box = 5.7 t/m
Load Intensity due to buoyancy = MIN(((1+0.2+2.5+0.2)-0),2.9)*1 = 2.9 t/m

Note:- The earth fill outside will be submerged up to a height of 2m below the Ground level (i.e 3m below FRL)
So the submerged earth pressure is considered from invert level upto this level
Above this dry unit weight of soil is considered for calculatng the Earth Pressure
Live load surchage (UDL) of 1.2m height equivalent earth pressure (1.2t/m) is applied on walls.

Total Pressure at top = 1.65 t/m

EARTH PRESSURE DIAGRAM FOR SUBMERGED CASE

5.8 IDEALISATION OF SUPPORTS

Refer "Foundaton Analysis and Design" by Joseph E.Bowles (Eq. 9-9, page 506)

Modulus of subgrade reacton (Ks) for permissible deflucton of 25 mm = 40 x SF x qa

where,
SF - Factor of safety (as per IRC 78-2014, cl 706.3.1.1) = 2.5
qa - Allowable bearing capacity (SBC) = 15 t/m2
The modulus of subgrade = 1500 t/m3 =
Bottom slab divided into = 8 Parts
length of one divided porton of bottom slab at mid = 0.18 m
length of one divided porton of bottom slab at end = 0.1 m
length of one divided porton of bottom slab next to end = 0.08 m

Stffness at outer support = 0.2/4*1*1500 = 75 t/m

Stffness at mid nodes = 0.184*1*1500 = 275 t/m
 Similarly

Stfness at the node indicatng face of wall = 137.5 t/m

Stfness at the node indicatng next to face of wall = 200 t/m

5.9 IRC CLASS A -Wheeled Vehicle

The dispersion of loads through fills and wearing coat shall be assumed at 45 degree both along transverse
and Longitudinal directon

IRC CLASS A -Wheeled Vehicle at mid span for maximum bending moment

b1 = Breadth of concentrated area of load

Description LOAD 1 LOAD 2 LOAD 3 LOAD 4 Unit

b1= 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 m
Overlapping of load 1 & 2 No Overlapping
Actual b1= 1.7 m
Dispersion Along the span
1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 m
Actual Dispersion = 2.65 m
Load = 11.4 t
Impact Factor = 1.25
Intensity = 3.163 t/m2

5.1O Dimension

Width Of the Box Drain = 0.9 m

Depth of box Drain = 2.5 m

Thickness of wall = 0.2 m

Thickness of bottom slab = 0.2 m
 Thickness of top slab = 0.2 m

Number of layers of reinforcement = 2

Material Properties

Grade of concrete slab fck = 30 N/mm2

Grade of steel fyk = 500 N/mm2

Design tensile strength of reinforcement = 500/1.15 fyd = 435 N/mm2

E steel Es = 200000 N/mm2
E concrete = 5000×30^0.5 Ecm = 27386 N/mm2

Clear Cover

Earth Face = 45 mm
Non Earth Face Top slab = 45 mm
Bottom Slab = 45 mm
Side wall = 45 mm

5.11 CHECK FOR STRUCTURAL STRENGTH

TOP SLAB BOT SLAB SIDE WALL

Description
Sagging Hogging Mid Ends Mid Ends
STAAD BEAM NO. 9 9 3 1 7 7
BEAM Section 0.5 0.909 1 1 0.525 0.037
STAAD LOAD CASE 10 23 10 23 23 21
Moment 4.224 31.555 2.438 44.145 31.284 35.537
Limitng neutral axis
depth xu/d 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456
Depth Provided 200 200 200 200 200 200

Eff 'd' required

deff 32.417 88.597 24.627 104.792 88.217 94.021

Eff 'd' Provided 150.0 150.0 150.0 149.0 150.0 147.0
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

Neutral Axis Depth

x/d = 0.02 0.14 0.01 0.20 0.14 0.16

Xumax/d 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46
Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf
Eqtng Fc = Ft
Ast
Ast Required 65.2 512.7 37.5 742.5 508 595.8
Minimum Ast Required as per cl. 26.5.2.1 of IS 456:2000.
 0.12% of C/S area 240 240 240 240 240 240
Diameter of reinf 1 10 10 10 12 10 16
Diameter of reinf 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spacing provided 1 150 150 150 150 150 150
Spacing provided 2 150 150 150 150 150 150
Ast Provided 524 524 524 754 524 1340
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Distribution steel
0.12% of cross sectional 240 240 240 240 240 240
Diameter of reinf 8 8 8 8 8 8
Spacing provided 200 200 200 200 200 200
Ast Provided 251 251 251 251 251 251
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

5.12 CHECK FOR SHEAR

Shear Force at 'd'

STAAD BEAM NO. 9 2 7

BEAM Section 0.772 0.369 0.093
STAAD LOAD CASE 12 21 21
V 27.07 53.717 92.935

ζv = V/bd 0.1805 0.3605 0.6322

ρ1=100Asl/bwd 0.3491 0.506 0.9118
K from clause 40.2.1 1.2 1.2 1.2
ζc from table 19 0.5058 0.6026 0.7624
Safe Safe Safe
Shear reinforcement is not required.

5.13 CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH

Cracked second moment of area of cross secton shall be calculated as given below

Ic = (b x3/3) +mAst (d-x)2

Modular rato long term = 14.61

STAAD BEAM NO. 9 9 3 6 7 7

BEAM Section 0.5 0.91 1 0 0.474 0.037
STAAD LOAD CASE 33 34 33 34 34 34
Moment 6.2938 13.287 5.3431 15.6578 15.8949 13.8733
Ast Provided 524 524 524 754 524 1340
Neutral axis X = 40.86 40.86 40.86 47.32 40.86 58.78
Icracked 113834410 113834410 113834410 149176845 113834410 220067604
Wk=3*Cmin*εmin
ε1 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.001
εm 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000
Wk 0.000 0.083 0.000 0.09 0.119 0.05
Crack Width Limit (mm) 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200
OK OK OK OK OK OK
vel (i.e 3m below FRL)

walls.

1500 t/m
h along transverse
SIDE WALL
UNIT
Ends
7
0.037
21
35.537 KNm

0.456
200 mm

94.021 mm
147.0 mm
Safe

0.16 mm
0.46 mm
Under reinf

595.8 mm2
 240 mm2
16 mm
0 mm
150 mm
150 mm
1340 mm2
Safe

240 mm2
8 mm
200 mm
251 mm
Safe

KN

7
0.037
34
13.8733 KNm
1340 mm2
58.78 mm
220067604 mm4
 0.001
0.000
0.05
0.200
OK
6 LONGITUDINAL STORM WATER BOX DRAIN 0.9 m x 2.5 m
WITH FILL HEIGHT OF 1 m to 1.5 m.

DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL STORM WATER BOX DRAIN OF SIZE 0.90 m x 2.50 m

6.1 DEAD LOADS

Density of Concrete = 2.5 t/m3 (IRC: 6 - 2017)

Density of wearing coat = 2.2 t/m 3
(IRC: 6 - 2017)
Density of Soil = 2 t/m3 (IRC: 6 - 2017)
Udl of top slab = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2
Length of slab = 1.3 m
Dead Load of Top Slab = 0.65 t/m width

Udl of Vertcal Walls = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2

Height of wall = 2.5 m
Dead Load of One Side Wall = 1.25 t/m

Udl of Base Slab = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2

Length of slab = 1.3 m
Dead Load of Bottom Slab = 0.65 t/m

Load of One Haunch = 0 t

6.2 SUPER IMPOSED DEAD LOAD

Height of fill = 1.3 m

SIDL due to soil fill on Top Slab = 2.6 t/m

Thickness of Precast Concrete tles = 0.025 m

Thickness of CC M-15 = 0.025 m
Thickness of GSB = 0.15 m
 SIDL due to Pavement Crest for SWD = 0.455 t/m

6.3 PEDESTRIAN LIVE LOAD

PDLL on Top Slab = 0.5 t/m

6.4 EARTH PRESSURES & LIVE LOAD SURCHARGE

Density of Soil = ϒ = 2 t/m3

Angle of Internal Fricton = φ = 30 º 0.5236 radians
Surcharge Angle = β = 0º
Wall Angle = α = 0º

SBC = = 15 t/m2
Angle of Wall Fricton (δ) d = = 20 º 0.3491 radians
Slope of earth fil β = = 0º

Coefficient of Earth pressure at rest = 0.5

Hence,Earth Pressure at base of box = 0.5×2×(1.5+0.2/2) = 1.6 t/m

Hence,Earth Pressure at base of box = 0.5×2×(1.5+2.9-0.2/2) = 4.3 t/m
Surcharge Height = 1.2 m
Live Load Surcharge on walls due to EP = 1.2 x 0.5 x 2 = 1.2 t/m

EARTH PRESSURE DIAGRAM FOR DRY CASE

6.5 BASE PRESSURE CHECK

Total Dead Load = 3.8 t

Total Base Area = 1.3 Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to Water = 1.73076923 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to DL = 2.92307692 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to LL = 1.92 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to SIDL = 3.06 t/Sq.m

Total Base Pressure = 9.63 t/m2 < 15 t/m2

 SAFE

6.6 UPLIFT FORCE CHECK

Weight of Culvert = 2.28 t

Weight of Soil above Culvert = 3.9 t
Weight of water in culvert = 2.25 t
Total Downward Force = 8.43 t
Total Upward force = 5.72 t
Downward Force is greater than Upward Force SAFE

6.7 HFL CONDITION-CONSIDERING SUBMERGED DENSITY OF SOIL

Density of water = 1 t/m3

Earth Pressure at top of box = 2.4 t/m
Earth Pressure at base of box = 6.45 t/m
Load Intensity due to buoyancy = 2.9 t/m

Note:- The earth fill outside will be submerged up to a height of 2m below the Ground level (i.e 3m below FRL)
So the submerged earth pressure is considered from invert level upto this level
Above this dry unit weight of soil is considered for calculatng the Earth Pressure
Live load surchage (UDL) of 1.2m height equivalent earth pressure (1.2t/m) is applied on walls.

Total Pressure at top = 2.40 t/m

EARTH PRESSURE DIAGRAM FOR SUBMERGED CASE

6.8 IDEALISATION OF SUPPORTS

Refer "Foundaton Analysis and Design" by Joseph E.Bowles (Eq. 9-9, page 506)

Modulus of subgrade reacton (Ks) for permissible deflucton of 25 mm = 40 x SF x qa

where,
SF - Factor of safety (as per IRC 78-2014, cl 706.3.1.1) = 2.5
 qa - Allowable bearing capacity (SBC) = 15 t/m2
The modulus of subgrade = 1500 t/m3 = 1500
Bottom slab divided into = 8 Parts
length of one divided porton of bottom slab at mid = 0.18 m
length of one divided porton of bottom slab at end = 0.1 m
length of one divided porton of bottom slab next to end = 0.08 m

Stffness at outer support = 0.2/4*1*1500 = 75 t/m

Stffness at mid nodes = 0.184*1*1500 = 275 t/m

Similarly

Stfness at the node indicatng face of wall = 137.5 t/m

Stfness at the node indicatng next to face of wall = 200 t/m

6.9 IRC CLASS A -Wheeled Vehicle

The dispersion of loads through fills and wearing coat shall be assumed at 45 degree both along transverse
and Longitudinal directon

IRC CLASS A -Wheeled Vehicle at mid span for maximum bending moment

b1 = Breadth of concentrated area of load

Description LOAD 1 LOAD 2 LOAD 3 LOAD 4 Unit

b1= 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 m
Overlapping of load 1 & 2 Overlapping
Actual b1= 4.3 m
Dispersion Along the span
2.25 2.25 2.25 2.25 m
 Actual Dispersion = 3.45 m
Load = 22.8 t
Impact Factor = 1.25
Intensity = 1.921 t/m2

6.1O Dimension

Width Of the Box Drain = 0.9 m

Depth of box Drain = 2.5 m

Thickness of wall = 0.2 m

Thickness of bottom slab = 0.2 m
Thickness of top slab = 0.2 m

Number of layers of reinforcement = 2

Material Properties

Grade of concrete slab fck = 30 N/mm2

Grade of steel fyk = 500 N/mm2

Design tensile strength of reinforcement = 500/1.15 fyd = 435 N/mm2

E steel Es = 200000 N/mm2
E concrete = 5000×30^0.5 Ecm = 27386 N/mm2

Clear Cover

Earth Face = 45 mm
Non Earth Face Top slab = 45 mm
Bottom Slab = 45 mm
Side wall = 45 mm

6.11 CHECK FOR STRUCTURAL STRENGTH

TOP SLAB BOT SLAB SIDE WALL

Description
Sagging Hogging Mid Ends Mid Ends
STAAD BEAM NO. 9 9 3 1 7 7
BEAM Section 0.5 0.909 1 1 0.521 0.037
STAAD LOAD CASE 10 23 10 23 23 21
Moment 4.728 36.115 2.925 48.695 36.27 39.242
Limitng neutral axis
depth xu/d 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456
Depth Provided 200 200 200 200 200 200
 Eff 'd' required

deff 34.296 94.783 26.974 110.060 94.986 98.801

Eff 'd' Provided 150.0 149.0 149.0 147.0 149.0 147.0
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

Neutral Axis Depth

x/d = 0.02 0.14 0.01 0.20 0.14 0.16

Xumax/d 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46
Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf
Eqtng Fc = Ft
Ast
Ast Required 73.1 596.9 45.4 841.4 599.6 663.3
Minimum Ast Required as per cl. 26.5.2.1 of IS 456:2000.
0.12% of C/S area 240 240 240 240 240 240
Diameter of reinf 1 10 12 12 16 12 16
Diameter of reinf 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spacing provided 1 150 150 150 150 150 150
Spacing provided 2 150 150 150 150 150 150
Ast Provided 524 754 754 1340 754 1340
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Distribution steel
0.12% of cross sectional 240 240 240 240 240 240
Diameter of reinf 8 8 8 8 8 8
Spacing provided 200 200 200 200 200 200
Ast Provided 251 251 251 251 251 251
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

6.12 CHECK FOR SHEAR

Shear Force at 'd'

STAAD BEAM NO. 9 2 7

BEAM Section 0.772 0.369 0.093
STAAD LOAD CASE 12 21 21
V 31.029 57.385 105.055

ζv = V/bd 0.2082 0.3904 0.7147

ρ1=100Asl/bwd 0.5060 0.9118 0.9118
K from clause 40.2.1 1.2000 1.2000 1.2000
ζc from table 19 0.6026 0.7624 0.7624
Safe Safe Safe
Shear reinforcement is not required.
6.13 CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH

Cracked second moment of area of cross secton shall be calculated as given below

Ic = (b x3/3) +mAst (d-x)2

Modular rato long term = 14.61

STAAD BEAM NO. 9 9 3 1 7 7

BEAM Section 0.5 0.091 1 0 0.474 0.037
STAAD LOAD CASE 33 34 33 34 34 34
Moment 7.2157 16.2598 6.2513 18.6205 19.1231 16.3713
Ast Provided 524 754 754 1340 754 1340
Neutral axis X = 40.86 47.32 47.32 58.78 47.32 58.78
Icracked 113834410 149176845 149176845 220067604 149176845 220067604

Wk=3*Cmin*εmin
ε1 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001
εm 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000
Wk 0.000 0.096 0.000 0.080 0.125 0.066
Crack Width Limit (mm) 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200
OK OK OK OK OK OK
i.e 3m below FRL)
 1500 t/m

ong transverse
DE WALL
UNIT
Ends
7
0.037
21
39.242 KNm

0.456
200 mm
 98.801 mm
147.0 mm
Safe

0.16 mm
0.46 mm
Under reinf

663.3 mm2

240 mm2
16 mm
0 mm
150 mm
150 mm
1340 mm2
Safe

240 mm2
8 mm
200 mm
251 mm
Safe

KN
 7
0.037
34
16.3713 KNm
1340 mm2
58.78 mm
220067604 mm4

0.001
0.000
0.066
0.200
OK
7 LONGITUDINAL STORM WATER BOX DRAIN 0.9 m x 2.5 m
WITH FILL HEIGHT OF 1.5 m to 2 m.

DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL STORM WATER BOX DRAIN OF SIZE 0.90 m x 2.50 m

7.1 DEAD LOADS

Density of Concrete = 2.5 t/m3 (IRC: 6 - 2017)

Density of wearing coat = 2.2 t/m 3
(IRC: 6 - 2017)
Density of Soil = 2 t/m 3
(IRC: 6 - 2017)
Udl of top slab = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2
Length of slab = 1.3 m
Dead Load of Top Slab = 0.65 t/m width

Udl of Vertcal Walls = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2

Height of wall = 2.5 m
Dead Load of One Side Wall = 1.25 t/m

Udl of Base Slab = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2

Length of slab = 1.3 m
Dead Load of Bottom Slab = 0.65 t/m

Load of One Haunch = 0 t

7.2 SUPER IMPOSED DEAD LOAD

Height of fill = 1.8 m

SIDL due to soil fill on Top Slab = 3.6 t/m

Thickness of Precast Concrete tles = 0.025 m

Thickness of CC M-15 = 0.025 m
Thickness of GSB = 0.15 m
SIDL due to Pavement Crest for SWD = 0.455 t/m

7.3 PEDESTRIAN LIVE LOAD

PDLL on Top Slab = 0.5 t/m

7.4 EARTH PRESSURES & LIVE LOAD SURCHARGE

Density of Soil = ϒ = 2 t/m3

Angle of Internal Fricton = φ = 30 º 0.5236 radians
Surcharge Angle = β = 0 º

Wall Angle = α = 0º

SBC = = 15 t/m2
Angle of Wall Fricton (δ) d = = 20 º 0.3491 radians
Slope of earth fil β = = 0º

Coefficient of Earth pressure at rest = 0.5

Hence,Earth Pressure at base of box = 0.5×2×(2+0.2/2) = 2.1 t/m

Hence,Earth Pressure at base of box = 0.5×2×(2+2.9-0.2/2) = 4.8 t/m
Surcharge Height = 1.2 m
Live Load Surcharge on walls due to EP = 1.2 x 0.5 x 2 = 1.2 t/m

EARTH PRESSURE DIAGRAM FOR DRY CASE

7.5 BASE PRESSURE CHECK

Total Dead Load = 3.8 t

Total Base Area = 1.3 Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to Water = 1.73076923 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to DL = 2.92307692 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to LL = 1.21 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to SIDL = 4.06 t/Sq.m

Total Base Pressure = 9.917 t/m2 < 15 t/m2

SAFE

7.6 UPLIFT FORCE CHECK

Weight of Culvert = 2.28 t

Weight of Soil above Culvert = 5.2 t
Weight of water in culvert = 2.25 t
Total Downward Force = 9.73 t
 Total Upward force = 6.73 t
Downward Force is greater than Upward Force SAFE

7.7 HFL CONDITION-CONSIDERING SUBMERGED DENSITY OF SOIL

Density of water = 1 t/m3

Earth Pressure at top of box = 3.15 t/m
Earth Pressure at base of box = 7.2 t/m
Load Intensity due to buoyancy = 2.9 t/m

Note:- The earth fill outside will be submerged up to a height of 2m below the Ground level (i.e 3m below FRL)
So the submerged earth pressure is considered from invert level upto this level
Above this dry unit weight of soil is considered for calculatng the Earth Pressure
Live load surchage (UDL) of 1.2m height equivalent earth pressure (1.2t/m) is applied on walls.

Total Pressure at top = 3.15 t/m

EARTH PRESSURE DIAGRAM FOR SUBMERGED CASE

7.8 IDEALISATION OF SUPPORTS

Refer "Foundaton Analysis and Design" by Joseph E.Bowles (Eq. 9-9, page 506)

Modulus of subgrade reacton (Ks) for permissible deflucton of 25 mm = 40 x SF x qa

where,
SF - Factor of safety (as per IRC 78-2014, cl 706.3.1.1) = 2.5
qa - Allowable bearing capacity (SBC) = 15 t/m2
The modulus of subgrade = 1500 t/m3 =
Bottom slab divided into = 8 Parts
length of one divided porton of bottom slab at mid = 0.18 m
length of one divided porton of bottom slab at end = 0.1 m
length of one divided porton of bottom slab next to end = 0.08 m

Stffness at outer support = 0.2/4*1*1500 = 75 t/m

Stffness at mid nodes = 0.184*1*1500 = 275 t/m

Similarly
 Stfness at the node indicatng face of wall = 137.5 t/m

Stfness at the node indicatng next to face of wall = 200 t/m

7.9 IRC CLASS A -Wheeled Vehicle

The dispersion of loads through fills and wearing coat shall be assumed at 45 degree both along transverse
and Longitudinal directon

IRC CLASS A -Wheeled Vehicle at mid span for maximum bending moment

b1 = Breadth of concentrated area of load

Description LOAD 1 LOAD 2 LOAD 3 LOAD 4 Unit

b1= 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 m
Overlapping of load 1 & 2 Overlapping
Actual b1= 5.3 m
Dispersion Along the span
3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 m
Actual Dispersion = 4.45 m
Load = 22.8 t
Impact Factor = 1.25
Intensity = 1.921 t/m2

7.1O Dimension

Width Of the Box Drain = 0.9 m

Depth of box Drain = 2.5 m

Thickness of wall = 0.2 m

Thickness of bottom slab = 0.2 m
Thickness of top slab = 0.2 m
 Number of layers of reinforcement = 2

Material Properties

Grade of concrete slab fck = 30 N/mm2

Grade of steel fyk = 500 N/mm2

Design tensile strength of reinforcement = 500/1.15 fyd = 435 N/mm2

E steel Es = 200000 N/mm2
E concrete = 5000×30^0.5 Ecm = 27386 N/mm2

Clear Cover

Earth Face = 45 mm
Non Earth Face Top slab = 45 mm
Bottom Slab = 45 mm
Side wall = 45 mm

7.11 CHECK FOR STRUCTURAL STRENGTH

TOP SLAB BOT SLAB SIDE WALL

Description
Sagging Hogging Mid Ends Mid Ends
STAAD BEAM NO. 9 9 3 1 7 7
BEAM Section 0.5 0.909 1 1 0.519 0.037
STAAD LOAD CASE 10 23 10 23 23 21
Moment 5.232 40.675 3.412 53.246 41.261 42.947
Limitng neutral axis
depth xu/d 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456
Depth Provided 200 200 200 200 200 200

Eff 'd' required

deff 36.077 100.589 29.133 115.088 101.311 103.361

Eff 'd' Provided 150.0 149.0 150.0 147.0 149.0 147.0
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

Neutral Axis Depth

x/d = 0.02 0.18 0.01 0.25 0.18 0.20

Xumax/d 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46
Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf
Eqtng Fc = Ft
Ast
Ast Required 80.9 678.9 52.6 930.4 689.5 732.1
Minimum Ast Required as per cl. 26.5.2.1 of IS 456:2000.
0.12% of C/S area 240 240 240 240 240 240
Diameter of reinf 1 10 12 10 16 12 16
 Diameter of reinf 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spacing provided 1 125 125 125 125 125 125
Spacing provided 2 125 125 125 125 125 125
Ast Provided 628 905 628 1608 905 1608
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Distribution steel
0.12% of cross sectional 240 240 240 240 240 240
Diameter of reinf 8 8 8 8 8 8
Spacing provided 200 200 200 200 200 200
Ast Provided 251 251 251 251 251 251
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

7.12 CHECK FOR SHEAR

Shear Force at 'd'

STAAD BEAM NO. 9 2 7

BEAM Section 0.772 0.369 0.093
STAAD LOAD CASE 12 21 21
V 34.987 61.053 117.175

ζv = V/bd 0.2348 0.4153 0.7971

ρ1=100Asl/bwd 0.6072 1.0942 1.0942
K from clause 40.2.1 1.2000 1.2000 1.2000
ζc from table 19 0.6463 0.8146 0.8146
Safe Safe Safe
Shear reinforcement is not required.

7.13 CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH

Cracked second moment of area of cross secton shall be calculated as given below

Ic = (b x3/3) +mAst (d-x)2

Modular rato long term = 14.61

STAAD BEAM NO. 9 9 3 6 7 7

BEAM Section 0.5 0.909 1 0 0.481 0.037
STAAD LOAD CASE 33 34 33 34 34 34
Moment 8.1376 19.2327 7.1594 21.5831 22.3558 18.8692
Ast Provided 628 905 628 1608 905 1608
Neutral axis X = 44.09 50.92 44.09 62.87 50.92 62.87
Icracked 131509026 171134733 131509026 249118288 171134733 249118288

Wk=3*Cmin*εmin
ε1 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001
 εm 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001
Wk 0.013 0.109 0.001 0.086 0.136 0.071
Crack Width Limit (mm) 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200
OK OK OK OK OK OK
evel (i.e 3m below FRL)

walls.

1500 t/m
h along transverse
SIDE WALL
UNIT
Ends
7
0.037
21
42.947 KNm

0.456
200 mm

103.361 mm
147.0 mm
Safe

0.20 mm
0.46 mm
Under reinf

732.1 mm2

240 mm2
16 mm
 0 mm
125 mm
125 mm
1608 mm2
Safe

240 mm2
8 mm
200 mm
251 mm
Safe

KN

7
0.037
34
18.8692 KNm
1608 mm2
62.87 mm
249118288 mm4

0.001
0.001
0.071
0.200
OK
8 LONGITUDINAL STORM WATER BOX DRAIN 0.9 m x 2.5 m
WITH FILL HEIGHT OF 2 m to 2.5 m.

DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL STORM WATER BOX DRAIN OF SIZE 0.90 m x 2.50 m

8.1 DEAD LOADS

Density of Concrete = 2.5 t/m3 (IRC: 6 - 2017)

Density of wearing coat = 2.2 t/m 3
(IRC: 6 - 2017)
Density of Soil = 2 t/m 3
(IRC: 6 - 2017)
Udl of top slab = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2
Length of slab = 1.3 m
Dead Load of Top Slab = 0.65 t/m width

Udl of Vertcal Walls = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2

Height of wall = 2.5 m
Dead Load of One Side Wall = 1.25 t/m

Udl of Base Slab = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2

Length of slab = 1.3 m
Dead Load of Bottom Slab = 0.65 t/m

Load of One Haunch = 0 t

8.2 SUPER IMPOSED DEAD LOAD

Height of fill = 2.3 m

SIDL due to soil fill on Top Slab = 4.6 t/m

Thickness of Precast Concrete tles = 0.025 m

Thickness of CC M-15 = 0.025 m
Thickness of GSB = 0.15 m
SIDL due to Pavement Crest for SWD = 0.455 t/m
8.3 PEDESTRIAN LIVE LOAD

PDLL on Top Slab = 0.5 t/m

8.4 EARTH PRESSURES & LIVE LOAD SURCHARGE

Density of Soil = ϒ = 2 t/m3

Angle of Internal Fricton = φ = 30 º 0.5236 radians
Surcharge Angle = β = 0 º

Wall Angle = α = 0º

SBC = = 15 t/m2
Angle of Wall Fricton (δ) d = = 20 º 0.3491 radians
Slope of earth fil β = = 0º

Coefficient of Earth pressure at rest = 0.5

Hence,Earth Pressure at base of box = 0.5×2×(2.5+0.2/2) = 2.6 t/m

Hence,Earth Pressure at base of box = 0.5×2×(2.5+2.9-0.2/2) = 5.3 t/m
Surcharge Height = 1.2 m
Live Load Surcharge on walls due to EP = 1.2 x 0.5 x 2 = 1.2 t/m

EARTH PRESSURE DIAGRAM FOR DRY CASE

8.5 BASE PRESSURE CHECK

Total Dead Load = 3.8 t

Total Base Area = 1.3 Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to Water = 1.73076923 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to DL = 2.92307692 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to LL = 0.83 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to SIDL = 5.06 t/Sq.m

Total Base Pressure = 10.539 t/m2 < 15 t/m2

SAFE
8.6 UPLIFT FORCE CHECK

Weight of Culvert = 2.28 t

Weight of Soil above Culvert = 6.5 t
Weight of water in culvert = 2.25 t
Total Downward Force = 11.03 t
Total Upward force = 7.02 t
Downward Force is greater than Upward Force SAFE

8.7 HFL CONDITION-CONSIDERING SUBMERGED DENSITY OF SOIL

Density of water = 1 t/m3

Earth Pressure at top of box = 3.9 t/m
Earth Pressure at base of box = 7.95 t/m
Load Intensity due to buoyancy = 2.9 t/m

Note:- The earth fill outside will be submerged up to a height of 2m below the Ground level (i.e 3m below FRL)
So the submerged earth pressure is considered from invert level upto this level
Above this dry unit weight of soil is considered for calculatng the Earth Pressure
Live load surchage (UDL) of 1.2m height equivalent earth pressure (1.2t/m) is applied on walls.

Total Pressure at top = 3.90 t/m

EARTH PRESSURE DIAGRAM FOR SUBMERGED CASE

8.8 IDEALISATION OF SUPPORTS

Refer "Foundaton Analysis and Design" by Joseph E.Bowles (Eq. 9-9, page 506)

Modulus of subgrade reacton (Ks) for permissible deflucton of 25 mm = 40 x SF x qa

where,
SF - Factor of safety (as per IRC 78-2014, cl 706.3.1.1) = 2.5
qa - Allowable bearing capacity (SBC) = 15 t/m2
The modulus of subgrade = 1500 t/m3 = 1500
 Bottom slab divided into = 8 Parts
length of one divided porton of bottom slab at mid = 0.18 m
length of one divided porton of bottom slab at end = 0.1 m
length of one divided porton of bottom slab next to end = 0.08 m

Stffness at outer support = 0.2/4*1*1500 = 75 t/m

Stffness at mid nodes = 0.184*1*1500 = 275 t/m

Similarly

Stfness at the node indicatng face of wall = 137.5 t/m

Stfness at the node indicatng next to face of wall = 200 t/m

8.9 IRC CLASS A -Wheeled Vehicle

The dispersion of loads through fills and wearing coat shall be assumed at 45 degree both along transverse
and Longitudinal directon

IRC CLASS A -Wheeled Vehicle at mid span for maximum bending moment

b1 = Breadth of concentrated area of load

Description LOAD 1 LOAD 2 LOAD 3 LOAD 4 Unit

b1= 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 m
Overlapping of load 1 & 2 Overlapping
Actual b1= 6.3 m
Dispersion Along the span
4.25 4.25 4.25 4.25 m
Actual Dispersion = 5.45 m
Load = 22.8 t
 Impact Factor = 1.25
Intensity = 0.83 t/m2

8.1O Dimension

Width Of the Box Drain = 0.9 m

Depth of box Drain = 2.5 m

Thickness of wall = 0.2 m

Thickness of bottom slab = 0.2 m
Thickness of top slab = 0.2 m

Number of layers of reinforcement = 2

Material Properties

Grade of concrete slab fck = 30 N/mm2

Grade of steel fyk = 500 N/mm2

Design tensile strength of reinforcement = 500/1.15 fyd = 435 N/mm2

E steel Es = 200000 N/mm2
E concrete = 5000×30^0.5 Ecm = 27386 N/mm2

Clear Cover

Earth Face = 45 mm
Non Earth Face Top slab = 45 mm
Bottom Slab = 45 mm
Side wall = 45 mm

8.11 CHECK FOR STRUCTURAL STRENGTH

TOP SLAB BOT SLAB SIDE WALL

Description
Sagging Hogging Mid Ends Mid Ends
STAAD BEAM NO. 9 9 3 1 7 7
BEAM Section 0.5 0.909 1 1 0.517 0.037
STAAD LOAD CASE 10 23 10 23 23 21
Moment 5.736 45.235 3.899 57.796 46.256 46.653
Limitng neutral axis
depth xu/d 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456
Depth Provided 200 200 200 200 200 200

Eff 'd' required

 deff 37.775 106.077 31.143 119.905 107.268 107.727
Eff 'd' Provided 150.0 150.0 150.0 149.0 150.0 147.0
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

Neutral Axis Depth

x/d = 0.02 0.20 0.02 0.27 0.21 0.22

Xumax/d 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46
Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf
Eqtng Fc = Ft
Ast
Ast Required 88.8 756.6 60.2 1003.9 775.4 802.2
Minimum Ast Required as per cl. 26.5.2.1 of IS 456:2000.
0.12% of C/S area 240 240 240 240 240 240
Diameter of reinf 1 10 10 10 12 10 16
Diameter of reinf 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spacing provided 1 100 100 100 100 100 100
Spacing provided 2 100 100 100 100 100 100
Ast Provided 785 785 785 1131 785 2011
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Distribution steel
0.12% of cross sectional 240 240 240 240 240 240
Diameter of reinf 8 8 8 8 8 8
Spacing provided 200 200 200 200 200 200
Ast Provided 251 251 251 251 251 251
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

8.12 CHECK FOR SHEAR

Shear Force at 'd'

STAAD BEAM NO. 9 2 7

BEAM Section 0.772 0.369 0.093
STAAD LOAD CASE 12 21 21
V 34.945 64.721 129.295

ζv = V/bd 0.2596 0.4344 0.8796

ρ1=100Asl/bwd 0.5236 0.7590 1.3678
K from clause 40.2.1 1.2000 1.2000 1.2000
ζc from table 19 0.6102 0.7110 0.8803
Safe Safe Safe
Shear reinforcement is not required.
8.13 CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH

Cracked second moment of area of cross secton shall be calculated as given below

Ic = (b x3/3) +mAst (d-x)2

Modular rato long term = 14.61

STAAD BEAM NO. 9 9 3 6 7 7

BEAM Section 0.5 0.091 1 0 0.483 0.037
STAAD LOAD CASE 33 34 33 34 34 34
Moment 9.0596 22.2056 8.0675 24.5457 25.5912 21.3672
Ast Provided 785 785 785 1131 785 2011
Neutral axis X = 48.3 48.3 48.3 55.56 48.3 68.08
Icracked 156207726 156207726 156207726 201396913 156207726 288089299

Wk=3*Cmin*εmin
ε1 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.001
εm 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001
Wk 0.022 0.148 0.012 0.129 0.18 0.072
Crack Width Limit (mm) 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200
OK OK OK OK OK OK
i.e 3m below FRL)

1500 t/m
ong transverse
DE WALL
UNIT
Ends
7
0.037
21
46.653 KNm

0.456
200 mm
 107.727 mm
147.0 mm
Safe

0.22 mm
0.46 mm
Under reinf

802.2 mm2

240 mm2
16 mm
0 mm
100 mm
100 mm
2011 mm2
Safe

240 mm2
8 mm
200 mm
251 mm
Safe

KN
 7
0.037
34
21.3672 KNm
2011 mm2
68.08 mm
288089299 mm4

0.001
0.001
0.072
0.200
OK
9 LONGITUDINAL STORM WATER BOX DRAIN 0.9 m x 2.5 m
WITH FILL HEIGHT OF 2.5 m to 3 m.

DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL STORM WATER BOX DRAIN OF SIZE 0.90 m x 2.50 m

9.1 DEAD LOADS

Density of Concrete = 2.5 t/m3 (IRC: 6 - 2017)

Density of wearing coat = 2.2 t/m 3
(IRC: 6 - 2017)
Density of Soil = 2 t/m 3
(IRC: 6 - 2017)
Udl of top slab = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2
Length of slab = 1.3 m
Dead Load of Top Slab = 0.65 t/m width

Udl of Vertcal Walls = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2

Height of wall = 2.5 m
Dead Load of One Side Wall = 1.25 t/m

Udl of Base Slab = 0.2 x 2.5 = in t/sq. m = 0.5 t/m2

Length of slab = 1.3 m
Dead Load of Bottom Slab = 0.65 t/m

Load of One Haunch = 0 t

9.2 SUPER IMPOSED DEAD LOAD

Height of fill = 2.8

SIDL due to soil fill on Top Slab = 5.6

Thickness of Precast Concrete tles = 0.025 m

Thickness of CC M-15 = 0.025 m
Thickness of GSB = 0.15 m
SIDL due to Pavement Crest for SWD = 0.455 t/m

9.3 PEDESTRIAN LIVE LOAD

PDLL on Top Slab = 0.5 t/m

9.4 EARTH PRESSURES & LIVE LOAD SURCHARGE

Density of Soil = ϒ = 2 t/m3

Angle of Internal Fricton = φ = 30 º 0.5236 radians
Surcharge Angle = β = 0 º

Wall Angle = α = 0º

SBC = 15 = 15 t/m2
Angle of Wall Fricton (δ) d = 20 º = 20 º 0.3491 radians
Slope of earth fil β = 0º = 0º

Coefficient of Earth pressure at rest = 0.5

Hence,Earth Pressure at base of box = 0.5×2×(3+0.2/2) = 3.1 t/m

Hence,Earth Pressure at base of box = 0.5×2×(3+2.9-0.2/2) = 5.8 t/m
Surcharge Height = 1.2 m
Live Load Surcharge on walls due to EP = 1.2 x 0.5 x 2 = 1.2 t/m

EARTH PRESSURE DIAGRAM FOR DRY CASE

9.5 BASE PRESSURE CHECK

Total Dead Load = 3.8 t

Total Base Area = 1.3 Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to Water = 1.73076923 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to DL = 2.92307692 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to LL = 0.61 t/Sq.m
Base Pressure on Bottom slab due to SIDL = 6.06 t/Sq.m

Total Base Pressure = 11.314 t/m2 < 15 t/m2

SAFE

9.6 UPLIFT FORCE CHECK

Weight of Culvert = 2.28 t

Weight of Soil above Culvert = 7.8 t
Weight of water in culvert = 2.25 t
Total Downward Force = 12.33 t
 Total Upward force = 7.67 t
Downward Force is greater than Upward Force SAFE

9.7 HFL CONDITION-CONSIDERING SUBMERGED DENSITY OF SOIL

Density of water = 1 t/m3

Earth Pressure at top of box = 4.65 t/m
Earth Pressure at base of box = 8.7 t/m
Load Intensity due to buoyancy = 2.9 t/m

Note:- The earth fill outside will be submerged up to a height of 2m below the Ground level (i.e 3m below FRL)
So the submerged earth pressure is considered from invert level upto this level
Above this dry unit weight of soil is considered for calculatng the Earth Pressure
Live load surchage (UDL) of 1.2m height equivalent earth pressure (1.2t/m) is applied on walls.

Total Pressure at top = 4.65 t/m

EARTH PRESSURE DIAGRAM FOR SUBMERGED CASE

9.8 IDEALISATION OF SUPPORTS

Refer "Foundaton Analysis and Design" by Joseph E.Bowles (Eq. 9-9, page 506)

Modulus of subgrade reacton (Ks) for permissible deflucton of 25 mm = 40 x SF x qa

where,
SF - Factor of safety (as per IRC 78-2014, cl 706.3.1.1) = 2.5
qa - Allowable bearing capacity (SBC) = 15 t/m2
The modulus of subgrade = 1500 t/m3 =
Bottom slab divided into = 8 Parts
length of one divided porton of bottom slab at mid = 0.18 m
length of one divided porton of bottom slab at end = 0.1 m
length of one divided porton of bottom slab next to end = 0.08 m

Stffness at outer support = 0.2/4*1*1500 = 75 t/m

Stffness at mid nodes = 0.184*1*1500 = 275 t/m

Similarly
 Stfness at the node indicatng face of wall = 137.5 t/m

Stfness at the node indicatng next to face of wall = 200 t/m

9.9 IRC CLASS A -Wheeled Vehicle

The dispersion of loads through fills and wearing coat shall be assumed at 45 degree both along transverse
and Longitudinal directon

IRC CLASS A -Wheeled Vehicle at mid span for maximum bending moment

b1 = Breadth of concentrated area of load

Description LOAD 1 LOAD 2 LOAD 3 LOAD 4 Unit

b1= 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 m
Overlapping of load 1 & 2 Overlapping
Actual b1= 7.3 m
Dispersion Along the span
5.25 5.25 5.25 5.25 m
Actual Dispersion = 6.45 m
Load = 22.8 t
Impact Factor = 1.25
Intensity = 0.605 t/m2

9.1O Dimension

Width Of the Box Drain = 0.9 m

Depth of box Drain = 2.5 m

Thickness of wall = 0.2 m

Thickness of bottom slab = 0.2 m
Thickness of top slab = 0.2 m
 Number of layers of reinforcement = 2

Material Properties

Grade of concrete slab fck = 30 N/mm2

Grade of steel fyk = 500 N/mm2

Design tensile strength of reinforcement = 500/1.15 fyd = 435 N/mm2

E steel Es = 200000 N/mm2
E concrete = 5000×30^0.5 Ecm = 27386 N/mm2

Clear Cover

Earth Face = 45 mm
Non Earth Face Top slab = 45 mm
Bottom Slab = 45 mm
Side wall = 45 mm

9.11 CHECK FOR STRUCTURAL STRENGTH

TOP SLAB BOT SLAB SIDE WALL

Description
Sagging Hogging Mid Ends Mid Ends
STAAD BEAM NO. 9 9 3 1 7 7
BEAM Section 0.5 0.909 1 1 0.517 0.037
STAAD LOAD CASE 10 23 10 23 23 21
Moment 6.240 49.794 4.386 62.347 51.253 50.358
Limitng neutral axis
depth xu/d 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456
Depth Provided 200 200 200 200 200 200

Eff 'd' required

deff 39.399 111.295 33.031 124.536 112.913 111.923

Eff 'd' Provided 150.0 149.0 149.0 149.0 149.0 145.0
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

Neutral Axis Depth

x/d = 0.03 0.23 0.02 0.29 0.23 0.24

Xumax/d 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46
Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf Under reinf
Eqtng Fc = Ft
Ast
Ast Required 96.7 848.4 68.2 1095.6 876.2 888.8
Minimum Ast Required as per cl. 26.5.2.1 of IS 456:2000.
0.12% of C/S area 240 240 240 240 240 240
Diameter of reinf 1 10 12 12 12 12 20
 Diameter of reinf 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spacing provided 1 100 100 100 100 100 100
Spacing provided 2 100 100 100 100 100 100
Ast Provided 785 1131 1131 1131 1131 3142
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Distribution steel
0.12% of cross sectional 240 240 240 240 240 240
Diameter of reinf 8 8 8 8 8 8
Spacing provided 200 200 200 200 200 200
Ast Provided 251 251 251 251 251 251
Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

9.12 CHECK FOR SHEAR

Shear Force at 'd'

STAAD BEAM NO. 9 2 7

BEAM Section 0.772 0.369 0.093
STAAD LOAD CASE 12 21 21
V 42.904 68.389 141.415

ζv = V/bd 0.2879 0.4590 0.9753

ρ1=100Asl/bwd 0.7590 0.7590 2.1666
K from clause 40.2.1 1.2000 1.2000 1.2000
ζc from table 19 0.7110 0.7110 1.0400
Safe Safe Safe
Shear reinforcement is not required.

9.13 CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH

Cracked second moment of area of cross secton shall be calculated as given below

Ic = (b x3/3) +mAst (d-x)2

Modular rato long term = 14.61

STAAD BEAM NO. 9 9 3 6 7 7

BEAM Section 0.5 0.091 1 0 0.485 0.037
STAAD LOAD CASE 33 34 33 34 34 34
Moment 9.9815 25.1785 8.9757 27.5083 28.8285 23.8651
Ast Provided 785 1131 1131 1131 1131 3142
Neutral axis X = 48.3 55.56 55.56 55.56 55.56 78.26
Icracked 156207726 201396913 201396913 201396913 201396913 364157350

Wk=3*Cmin*εmin
ε1 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.001
 εm 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000
Wk 0.031 0.134 0.019 0.150 0.159 0.063
Crack Width Limit (mm) 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200
OK OK OK OK OK OK
evel (i.e 3m below FRL)

walls.

1500 t/m
h along transverse
SIDE WALL
UNIT
Ends
7
0.037
21
50.358 KNm

0.456
200 mm

111.923 mm
145.0 mm
Safe

0.24 mm
0.46 mm
Under reinf

888.8 mm2

240 mm2
20 mm
 0 mm
100 mm
100 mm
3142 mm2
Safe

240 mm2
8 mm
200 mm
251 mm
Safe

KN

7
0.037
34
23.8651 KNm
3142 mm2
78.26 mm
364157350 mm4

0.001
0.000
0.063
0.200
OK