where the feed mixture is separated into a retentate (that part of the feed that does pass through

the membrane) and

reject

they may also be solid

donde la mezcla de alimentación se separa en un retentato (la parte del alimento que pasa a
través de la membrana) y

rechazar

también pueden ser sólidos

the barrier is most often a thin, non porous, polymeric or even a liquid or gas.

The barrier must not dissolve. Break.

The optional sweep, shown

recovery of caustic.

Separation of whey

hydrogen enrichment

a sharp separation is often difficult to achieve

thus

these respects from the more common

although membranes as separating agents have been known for more than 100 years.

appeared in the 50 years.

in the mid

followed

streams

as did the large-scale application

the replacement of the more-common separartion operation with membrane separtions has the
potential to save large amounts.

the replacement requires the production of high-mass-transfer-flux, defect-free.

large scale+}
a common large-scale application.

following world war 2, during wich.

feedstock

to suppress the formation de coke, which fouls the catalyst, the reactor feed must contain a
substantial fraction hydrogen at a partial pressure of at least 215 psia

unfortunately, the hydrogen takes part in a side reaction for the hydro-dealkylation.

makeup hydrogen is usually

perhaps

unreacted

for just the reaction section

flash drum.

thus, the vapor leaving the flash drum contains most of the h2 with most of the aromatic
chemicals leaving in the liquid

because of the large amount of hydrogen in the flash-drum vapor, it is important to recycle this
stream to the reactor, rather than sending it to a flare or using.

would build up in the recycle loop, since no other exit is provided. before the development of
acceptable.

customarily purged from part of the vapor stream

suitable

became

table 13 is the steady-state material balance of the reaction section, for a plant designed to
process 7750 barrels per operating day of fresh toluene feed.

the flash vapor