MOTHERBOARD

Presented By

VIPIN KUMAR
FROM JCHNE
 INTRODUCTION
Motherboard is a main (PCB) printed circuit board.
Where are all the components or devices are connected directly
and indirectly.
 TYPES OF MOTHERBOARD

• INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARD
• NON INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARD

• DESKTOP MOTHERBOARD
• LAPTOP MOTHERBOARD
• SERVER MOTHER BORD
•
• AT MOTHERBOARD
• ATX MOTHERBORD
 TYPES OF MOTHERBOARD BASED
ON DEVICES THEY SUPPORT

• Integrated motherboard

• Non integrated motherboard

 INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARD

An integrated system board has multiple components integrated into

the board itself. These may include the CPU video card , sound card
and various controller cards.
NON INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARD

Non integrated system board uses installable components and

expansion cards. For example, non integrated system board may
allow you to upgrade the video card by removing the old one and
installing a new one. Non integrated motherboard typicaly have
several PCI expansion slots as well.
TYPES OF MOTHERBOARD
BASED ON FORM FACTOR

1. AT
2 . ATX
 AT MOTHERBOARD
AT MOTHERBOARD IS A MOTHERBOARD WHICH HAS
DIMENSIONS OF THE ORDER OF SOME HUNDRED
MILLIMETERS, BIG ENOUGH TO BE UNABLE TO FIT IN MINI
DESKTOP.
 ATX MOTHERBOARD
ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY EXTENDED,OR POPULARLY
KNOWN AS THE ATX, ARE THE MOTHERBOARD WHICH
WERE PRODUCED BY THE INTEL IN MID 90`S AS AN
IMPROVEMENT FROM THE PREVIOUSLY WORKING
MOTHERBOARD SUCH AS AT.
TYPES MOTHERBOARD
BASED ON USE

1. Desktop motherboard
2. laptop Motherboard
3. server motherboard
 DESKTOP MOTHERBOARD

• Desktop motherboard are used in personal or

desktop computer. As it is used for application at
home and in office, this type of motherboard is the
most basic type
 LAPTOP MOTHERBOARD

• Laptop motherboard is used to connect different parts of a laptop

system. These motherboard generally have very advanced
features as compared to the desktop motherboard and most of
the functions have been integrated into the laptop motherboard
 SERVER MOTHERBOARD

• Server motherboard are more advanced then desktop

motherboard and are designed to offer high -end service which
are more reliable and ready to operate in 24*7 environments.
 MANUFACTURERS OF
MOTHERBOARD

Motherboard are available in various sizes and configurations.

Some motherboard support 32 and 64 bit processor as well
operating system. It is manufacturers by many companies such as.
1. Asus
3. Intel
3. MSI
4. Gigabyte.
ASUS MOTHERBOARD
INTEL MOTHERBOARD
GIGABYTE MOTHERBOARD
MSI MOTHERBOARD
 FORM FACTOR MOTHERBOARD

REPRESENT THE SIZE OR SHAPE OF MOTHERBOARD

1. ATX
2. MICRO ATX
3. LPX
4. NLX
5. BTX
SEE MORE……..
 ATX MOTHERBOARD

• IMPROVEMENT DONE IN EASLY TO USE, SUPPORT FOR

CURRENT AND FUTURE I/O, AND ALSO TO CURRENT AND
FUTURE TECHNOLOGY.
 MICRO ATX MOTHERBOARD

• SUPPORTS CURRENT AND NEW PROCESSOR TECHNOLOGIES .

AGP (ACCELERATED GRAPHICS PORT) TO HAVE HIGH
PERFORMANCE GRAPHICES
 LPX MOTHERBOARD

.BASED ON DESIGN BY WESTERN DIGITAL.

.Usually found in desktop pc’s.
. High quality product at low cost but makes difficult to
upgrade and repair.
 NLX MOTHERBOARD
• support current and future processor technologies.
• also support new AGP and tall memory technology.
• installing and upgrading the system is easy.
 BTX MOTHERBOARD
The BTX, or Balanced Technology Extended form factor,
unlike its predecessors is not an evolution of a previous
form factor but a total break away from the popular and
dominating ATX form factor
 MOTHERBOARD COMPONENTS
1 CLOCK GENRATER
2. CPU socket
3. Memory Socket Memory error checking
4. BIOS RAM
5. CMOS Ram
6. Battery
7. Chipset
8. Expansion Slot
9. AGP Port
10. IDE Ports
11.SERIAL PORTS
12.
13. Floppy Disk port
14. IO Connectors/USB ports USB port add more printer ports
15. Main Power Connector1
16. Front Panel Connecting Pin
17.CPU FAN SOCKET
18.NORTH BRIDGE
CPU COMPONENTS
 CHIPSET

• Chip set is a set of IC.

• The combination of
the North and Southbridge
in a computer is Called
the chipset.
 SUPER I\O CHIP

SUPER I/O CHIP IS A SINGLE CHIP WHICH CANTROLS

SLOWER I/O DEVICES WHICH ARE NOT CONTROLLED BY
SOUTH BRIDGE.
 MEMORY SOCKET( DIMM
SOCKET
• There are 3 types of memory that currently popular used in the PC,

1. RD RAM
2. DDR RAM
3. SD RAM
CONTINUE….
RDRAM Memory
-Used in Pentium 4 motherboard
- 2 Notches
-highest performance and is most
expensive.

DDR ram
-128 MB, 256 MB, 512 MB.
-medium high performance and
medium price.

SDRAM
-lowest performance and lowest
price.
 CPU SOCKET

• A CPU socket or slot is an electrical

component that attaches to a printed
circuit board (PCB) and is designed to
house a CPU (also called a
microprocessor).
• It is a special type of integrated circuit
socket designed for very high pin counts.
• CPU sockets on the motherboard can
most often be found in most desktop
and server computers (laptops typically
use surface mount CPUs), particularly
those based on the Intelx86 architecture.
The CPU and RAM Communication

The RAM The CPU

contains data processes data.
and programs.

The data bus transports the

processed data to the RAM so
it can be stored, displayed, or
output.
 ROM Bios
Read-Only Memory can
be read but not changed.
It is non-volatile storage: it remembers its contents
even when the power is turned off.

ROM chips are used to store the instructions a

computer needs during start-up, called firmware.
Some kinds of ROM are PROM, EPROM, EEPROM,
and CD-ROM.
 CMOS BATTERY

o This is a 3 volt battery, this

battery supplies the power
to CMOS ram for CMOS
ram to retain the
information during system
powered off, the battery
may be last for 5 or 6 years.
• ITS MAIN WORK TO
SET DATE AND TIME
 EXPANSION SLOT ( PCI )
• Expansion slot or Expansion bus is the slot that enable the user to add
the adapter card for additional function to the system

Example.
 Sound card or Multimedia
 LAN card.
 SCSI controller card.
 Internal Modem card.
 TV tuner card.
 Additional hard disc controller card.
 (AGP PORT)
AGP ( Accelerated Graphic Port ) port is a high speed data transfer
port, this port is used by the display adapter card that demands so
much data with in short period of time.
I/O USB PORTS
 Selecting a Motherboard
• Some questions to ask when picking a motherboard
– What form factor does the motherboard use?
– Does the motherboard provide proper CPU support?
– What type of BIOS does the motherboard use?
– Does the board fit the case you plan to use?
– What is the warranty on the board?
• Embedded (on-board) component
– Component located on the board
– Avoid board with too many embedded components
• Such boards do not easily accept add-on devices