Duplex stainless steels….

Low alloyed grades SAF2304 & LDX2101

Duplex SAF 2205

Super Duplex SAF2507

SAF2707 HD

Sandvik Materials Technology

 Development of Stainless Steels

FERRITE DUPLEX AUSTENITE

Carbon Steel

13Cr Stainless Steel 409

5CR12 Weldable
LDX 2101 Standard 18-8 AISI 304

SAF 2304 Mo Stainless Steel 316L

SAF 2205 High Alloy SS. 904L/2RK65

SAF 2507 Super austenitics 254 SMO

SAF 2707HD Nickel based alloys

Sandvik Materials Technology

 Pitting corrosion

 A common form of corrosion in stainless is “pitting” corrosion

 It is primarily influenced by chlorides and temperature
 Alloying with Cr, Mo & N improves pitting resistance
 An empirical Pitting Resistance Equivalent “PRE” is used.

Results, ASTM G48B

at 80 °C

316L Technology
Sandvik Materials 904L SAF 2304 SAF 2205 SAF 2507
 Pitting Resistance Equivalent

PRE = wt-% Cr + 3.3 x wt-% Mo + 16 x wt-% N

Alloy % Cr % Mo %N PRE
SAF 2507 25 4 0.3 42,5
254 SMO 20 6.1 40
SAF 2205 22 3.2 0.18 35
AISI 904L 20 4.5 - 33
SAF 2304 23 - 0.1 24
LDX 2101 21 - 0.2 24
AISI 316L 17 2.2 - 24
AISI 304 18 - - 18

Sandvik Materials Technology

 SAF2205® & LDX 2101®, Position
Rp0.2 [MPa] Chemical composition

Grade / [%] C N Cr Ni Mo
750
LDX 2101 0.03 0.22 21.5 1.5 0.3
SAF2205 0.03 0.18 22.0 5.0 3.2 Duplex
SAF2507
500
LDX SAF 2205
2101 2304
Austenitic
254SMO
250
304 316 904L

”Corrosion Resistance”

Sandvik Materials Technology

 LDX 2101®, Mechanical performance

Mechanical properties, RT, minimum values

Grade Rp0.2 [MPa] Rm [MPa] A5 [%]

316 210 520 45

LDX 2101 450 650 30

SAF 2205 485 680-880 25

Sandvik Materials Technology

 SAF2304 & LDX 2101 Corrosion performance
PRE values

Grade / [%] C N Cr Ni Mo PRE

304 0.04 0.05 18.1 8.3 - 19

LDX 2101 0.03 0.22 21.5 1.5 0.3 26

SAF 2304
PRE = %Cr +3.3x%Mo+16x%N 0.03 0.10 23.0 4.8 0.3 26
CPT,C°
20
Pitting resistance 100
15 LDX 2101
CPT ASTM G150
Isocorrosion
10 80

Temperature, oC
curve
5 0.1 mm/year
60
0
LDX 2101 SAF2304 304
Stress corrosion results 40
304
Grade U-bend stress corrosion test, ASTM G39
304 Cracking 20
LDX 2101 No Cracks 0 10 20 30
SAF 2304 No Cracks H2SO4,
%
Sandvik Materials Technology