You are on page 1of 7

Anuario de Investigaciones

ISSN: 0329-5885
anuario@psi.uba.ar
Universidad de Buenos Aires
Argentina

Rolando, Silvana; Seidmann, Susana


Representaciones sociales sobre la educación sexual en la escuela media
Anuario de Investigaciones, vol. XX, 2013, pp. 227-232
Universidad de Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires, Argentina

Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=369139949060

Cómo citar el artículo


Número completo
Sistema de Información Científica
Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal
Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto
FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA - UBA / SECRETARÍA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XX

REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES SOBRE LA


EDUCACIÓN SEXUAL EN LA ESCUELA MEDIA
SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS ON SEXUAL EDUCATION IN MIDDLE SCHOOL
            
             

+ , - . / , 0 ; < - = + ; > =

6HWUDWDGHXQDLQYHVWLJDFLyQFXDOLWDWLYDGHFDUiFWHUH[ 7KLVLVDQH[SORUDWRU\TXDOLWDWLYHUHVHDUFK7KHREMHFWRI
SORUDWRULR VWXG\LVWKHVRFLDOUHSUHVHQWDWLRQVRIVH[XDOHGXFDWLRQLQ
(OREMHWRGHHVWXGLRVRQODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHVGH \RXQJWHDFKHUVDJHVEHWZHHQDQG\HDUVROGRI
HGXFDFLyQVH[XDOHQGRFHQWHVMyYHQHVGHHQWUH\ ERWKVH[HVZKRSHUIRUPWKHLUGXWLHVLQJRYHUQPHQWPLGGOH
DxRVGHDPERVVH[RVTXHGHVDUUROODQVXVWDUHDVHQHV VFKRROVRIWKHFLW\RI4XLOPHV
FXHODVS~EOLFDVGHQLYHOPHGLRGHODORFDOLGDGGH4XLOPHV :HZRUNHGZLWKWHDFKHUVGLVFRXUVHLQLQWHUYLHZVWR
$SDUWLUGHHQWUHYLVWDVHQSURIXQGLGDGVHWUDEDMyFRQ NQRZVRFLDOUHSUHVHQWDWLRQVDQGDQDO\]HWKHLUUHODWLRQVKLS
ORVGLVFXUVRVGRFHQWHVEXVFDQGRUHFRQVWUXLUFROHFWLYD ZLWKSUDFWLFHVDERXW6H[XDO(GXFDWLRQ3URJUDP
PHQWHODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHV\DQDOL]DUVXUHOD :HLQTXLUHWKHGLVFRXUVHFRQWHQWDERXWVH[XDOHGXFDWLRQ
FLyQFRQODVSUiFWLFDVHQWRUQRDO3URJUDPDGH(GXFDFLyQ DQGWKHLQÀXHQFHRQWKHSUDFWLFHV
6H[XDO 7KHUHVXOWVVKRZDVWURQJUHODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQWKHVXEMHFW
6HLQGDJDURQFRQWHQLGRV\GLVFXUVRVHQHGXFDFLyQVH[XDO RIWKHVRFLDOUHSUHVHQWDWLRQDVDWUDLQHULQVH[XDOLW\DQG
\ODVGLPHQVLRQHVTXHGHVGHODVSUiFWLFDVVHHQWUHOD]DQ KLVLGHQWLW\FRQVWUXFWLRQ
HQHVDFRQVWUXFFLyQ 7KH5HIHUHQW3DUWKHPDWDLVEHLQJPDWHULDOL]HGLQWKH
/RVUHVXOWDGRVPXHVWUDQXQDIXHUWHUHODFLyQHQWUHHOVX GLVWDQFH RU FORVHQHVV EHWZHHQ WKH UHODWLRQVKLS RI WKH
MHWRGHODUHSUHVHQWDFLyQHQWDQWRIRUPDGRUHQVH[XDOLGDG WHDFKHUVWXGHQWWHDFKLQJFRQWH[WDSSURDFKLQJVH[XDOLW\
\VXFRQVWUXFFLyQLGHQWLWDULD ZLWKLQWKHVFKRROVSDFH
,QVLVWH OD WKHPDWD 5HIHUHQWH  3DU PDWHULDOL]DGD HQ OD
GLVWDQFLDRFHUFDQtDHQODUHODFLyQGRFHQWHHVWXGLDQWHV .H\ZRUGV
:

FRQWHQLGRDHQVHxDUDODERUGDUODVH[XDOLGDGGHQWURGHO 6H[XDOHGXFDWLRQ6RFLDO5HSUHVHQWDWLRQV7HDFKHUV
HVSDFLRHVFRODU
1 2 3 2 4 5 2 6 7 3 2 8 9 :

(GXFDFLyQVH[XDO5HSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHV'RFHQWHV

                   ! " #  ! $  %   & !  % ' & (   ) & &   &   

3URIHVRUD7LWXODU&RQVXOWD3VLFRORJtD6RFLDO)DFXOWDGGH3VLFRORJtD8%$'LUHFWRUDGHSUR\HFWRGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQ8%$&\7
*

DE LA PÁGINA 227 A LA 232 227


REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES SOBRE LA EDUCACIÓN SEXUAL EN LA ESCUELA MEDIA
SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS ON SEXUAL EDUCATION IN MIDDLE SCHOOL
Rolando, Silvana; Seidmann, Susana

OHV GHO5tR)RUWXQD/DYLJQH 
? @ ? 0 = + A B . > > ? C 0

(OUHFRUULGRGHODSUHVHQWHLQYHVWLJDFLyQEXVFySURIXQGL
]DUHQODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVGH(GXFDFLyQVH[XDOHQGR
, D E F G H F I J I K L , K M N I N O P Q - L R M I D ? Q S L H F I D T M Q N I J O Q G

FHQWHVMyYHQHVGHHVFXHODPHGLDGHODORFDOLGDGGH4XLO
L Q N G Q U S F M N N O P Q

&RPRFRUUHODWRGHODFUHDFLyQGHO3URJUDPD1DFLRQDOGH PHVHQWHQGLHQGRTXHGLFKDVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVFRQOOHYDQ
(GXFDFLyQ6H[XDO,QWHJUDO\HQYLJHQFLDGHOD/H\ V

HOHPHQWRVQRUPDWLYRV\YDORUDWLYRVTXHGHEHQVHUWRPD
ODFXDOD~QQRKDVLGRUHJODPHQWDGDODHGXFDFLyQVH[XDO GRVHQFRQVLGHUDFLyQVLVHSLHQVDODLPSOHPHQWDFLyQGH
VHFRQVWLWX\yHQREMHWRGHXQFUHFLHQWHGHEDWHS~EOLFR XQDSROtWLFDS~EOLFDFDSD]GHJDUDQWL]DUORTXHVXGLVFXU
DFHUFDGHOSDSHOTXHODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVHVFRODUHV\HO(V VRIRUPXOD
WDGRGHEHQFXPSOLUHQHODERUGDMHGHODVFXHVWLRQHVGH 'HHVWHPRGROD7HRUtDGHODV5HSUHVHQWDFLRQHV6RFLDOHV
VH[XDOLGDG(QHVWHPDUFRGHGLVFXVLyQFRQIXHUWHVFRQ RIUHFHXQPDUFRSDUDH[DPLQDUODVYDORUDFLRQHV\FRQRFL
QRWDFLRQHVLGHROyJLFDV\SROtWLFDVDGTXLHUHLPSRUWDQFLD PLHQWRVVRFLDOPHQWHFRQVWUXLGRVSRQLHQGRGHPDQL¿HVWR
OD LQGDJDFLyQ GH DTXHOORV FRQWHQLGRV \ GLVFXUVRV TXH ODPDWUL]VRFLRFXOWXUDOTXHRSHUDDOPRGRGHXQFRQRFL
GHVGHODSHUVSHFWLYDGRFHQWHDSDUHFHQ\VHUHLWHUDQHQ PLHQWRSUiFWLFR
UHODFLyQDODHGXFDFLyQVH[XDOSXHVWRTXHSXHGHQSHUPL 7DOFRPRVHxDOD0RVFRYLFLODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHV
WLUQRVYLVOXPEUDUORVVLVWHPDVGHLQWHUSUHWDFLyQ\GHSHQ VRQWLSRVGHFUHHQFLDVTXHRUJDQL]DQHOVHQWLGRFRP~Q
VDPLHQWRFROHFWLYRTXHDIHFWDQORVSURFHVRVGHHQVHxDQ FUHHQFLDVSDUDGLJPiWLFDVGHFRQRFLPLHQWRV\OHQJXDMH
]D \ DSUHQGL]DMH HQOD]DGDV D HVWD SROtWLFD S~EOLFD HQ 0RVYRYLFL\0DUNRYi /DLQGDJDFLyQHPStULFDGH
VH[XDOLGDG ODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVQRVSHUPLWHYDORUDUORVFRQRFLPLHQ
2EYLDPHQWHODGH¿QLFLyQGHSHUVSHFWLYDV\SRVWXUDVHQ WRVSUHYLRV\ORVVLVWHPDVGHLQWHUSUHWDFLyQ\GHSHQVD
WRUQRDODHGXFDFLyQVH[XDOLPSOLFDUiQDOPLVPRWLHPSR PLHQWRFROHFWLYRGHVXPDXWLOLGDGDODKRUDGHSHQVDUODV
XQSRVLFLRQDPLHQWRUHVSHFWRGHOOXJDUTXHGHEHRFXSDUOD GLIHUHQWHVQHFHVLGDGHVGHGLFKRVJUXSRV\ODVHVWUDWHJLDV
HVFXHODHQUHODFLyQDODPLVPD&UHHPRVSXHVTXHODV GHIRUPDFLyQLQWHUYHQFLyQKDELGDFXHQWDGHOSDSHOIXQ
LQVWLWXFLRQHVMXHJDQXQUROIXQGDPHQWDOHQHODFFHVRDO GDPHQWDOTXHMXHJDQODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHVHQORV
HMHUFLFLRGHORVGHUHFKRVVH[XDOHV\UHSURGXFWLYRV&XDQ PHFDQLVPRVGHUHVLVWHQFLDDOFDPELR %DQFKV 
GRpVWDVLQFRUSRUDQXQDLGHDGHVH[XDOLGDGHQVHQWLGR 'HVGHHVWDPLUDGD\HQHOPDUFRGHXQDEHFD8EDF\WVH
DPSOLRHQWHQGLGDQRVyORGHVGHORVIDFWRUHVELROyJLFRV KDSRGLGRDYDQ]DUHQUHODFLyQDOFRQWHQLGRGHORVGLVFXUVRV
VLQR GHVGH VX LQWHUDFFLyQ FRQ IDFWRUHV SVLFROyJLFRV \ DFHUFDGHODHGXFDFLyQVH[XDOHQGRFHQWHVMyYHQHVH[SOR
VRFLRFXOWXUDOHVVHSURGXFHQFDPELRVSRVLWLYRVFDSDFHV UDQGRDOPLVPRWLHPSRORVPHFDQLVPRVGHIRUPDFLyQGH
GHLQFRUSRUDUORVQXHYRVFRQRFLPLHQWRVMXQWRDSUiFWLFDV ODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHVREMHWLYDFLyQ\DQFODMH
HIHFWLYDVHQHOFXLGDGRGHODVDOXGVH[XDO $SDUWLUGHXQWUDEDMRGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQGHWLSRFXDOLWDWLYR
6LQHPEDUJRHVLPSRUWDQWHUHFRQRFHUTXHORVGHUHFKRV FRQ XQ GLVHxR H[SORUDWRULR \ GHVFULSWLYR \ D WUDYpV GH
VH[XDOHV\ORVGHUHFKRVUHSURGXFWLYRVGHORVDGROHVFHQ HQWUHYLVWDVHQSURIXQGLGDG\VHVLRQHVGHUHWURDOLPHQWD
WHVDOLJXDOTXHHOHMHUFLFLRGHODVH[XDOLGDGDGROHVFHQWH FLyQHQWHQGLGDVFRPRLQVWDQFLDVGHSDUWLFLSDFLyQPtQL
KDQ SURYRFDGR OD RSRVLFLyQ GH TXLHQHV VH FRQVLGHUDQ PDV  VH EXVFy DSUR[LPDUQRV D ODV UHSUHVHQWDFLRQHV
DXWRUL]DGRVSDUDGHWHUPLQDUORTXHGHEHRQRSHUPLWtUVH VRFLDOHVTXHORVGRFHQWHVMyYHQHVFRQVWUX\HQVREUHOD
OHVDSR\DGRVHQPRGHORVGHHGXFDFLyQVH[XDOGHFDUiF HGXFDFLyQVH[XDOQRVyORDSDUWLUGHODLGHQWL¿FDFLyQGH
WHUPRUDOLVWD\SUHYHQFLRQLVWD HOHPHQWRVYDORUDWLYRVQRUPDWLYRVH[SHULHQFLDOHV\FRJ
/DVDQFLyQGHOD/H\GH(GXFDFLyQ6H[XDO,QWHJUDOHVWD QLWLYRVVLQRWDPELpQSDUDGDUFXHQWDGHODUHODFLyQHQWUH
EOHFHXQPDUFRQRUPDWLYRTXHJDUDQWL]DHOURODFWLYRGHO GLFKDUHSUHVHQWDFLyQVRFLDO\VXSUiFWLFDGRFHQWH
(VWDGRVLWXDQGRDODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVHVFRODUHVFRPRHVSD
FLRSULYLOHJLDGRHQODSURPRFLyQGHOHMHUFLFLRUHVSRQVDEOH
? ? @ E W ; 0 = , ; / ? , 0 = A B , W E + A < W , / ;

HQVH[XDOLGDG1RREVWDQWHHQODSUiFWLFDQRVHQFRQWUD
B O U N M F U G U X Y F Z N S O N I U T M Q I D M N [ I Y G F D G U U L Q S O K G U

PRVIUHFXHQWHPHQWHFRQEDUUHUDVLGHROyJLFDV\SDWURQHV /DVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHVVRQXQDPDQHUDGHLQWHU
FXOWXUDOHVGHJpQHURTXHREVWDFXOL]DQHODFFHVRDXQD SUHWDU\GHSHQVDUQXHVWUDUHDOLGDGFRWLGLDQDXQDIRUPD
HGXFDFLyQVH[XDOHQWHQGLGDGHPRGRLQWHJUDOLPSULPLpQ GHFRQRFLPLHQWRVRFLDO6HWUDWDGHXQFRQRFLPLHQWRSUiF
GRVHXQVHVJRKHWHURQRUPDWLYR\SUHYHQWLYRHLQYLVLELOL WLFRTXHSHUPLWHDORVLQGLYLGXRV¿MDUVXSRVLFLyQHQUHOD
]DQGRDVSHFWRVFRPRHOSODFHU\ODVGLYHUVLGDGHVVH[XD FLyQFRQVLWXDFLRQHVDFRQWHFLPLHQWRVREMHWRV\FRPXQL
FDFLRQHV -RGHOHW>@ (QHVHVHQWLGRSRVLELOLWD

/H\3URJUDPD1DFLRQDOGH(GXFDFLyQ6H[XDO,QWHJUDOGLV ODDWULEXFLyQGHVLJQL¿FDGRVSURSRUFLRQDQGRXQVLVWHPD
SRQLEOHHQKWWSSRUWDOHGXFDFLRQJRYDU¿OHVOH\SGI

8QHMHIXQGDPHQWDOHQHVWHGHEDWHUHPLWHDODVGLVSXWDVSRUODV
LQWHUSUHWDWLYR TXH JXtD ORV PRGRV GH FRPSRUWDPLHQWR
GLYLVLRQHV HQWUH OR S~EOLFR \ OR SULYDGR UHWRPDQGR ODV WHQVLRQHV %DQFKV 
DFHUFD GH OD LQWHUYHQFLyQ GHO (VWDGR HQ ODV IDPLOLDV \ OD SXJQD (VDOOtGRQGHUDGLFDODLPSRUWDQFLDGHVXHVWXGLRHQWDQ
DVXPLGD IXQGDPHQWDOPHQWH SRU HO (VWDGR \ OD ,JOHVLD 'LYHUVRV WRSHUPLWHQFRPSUHQGHUHOIXQFLRQDPLHQWR\ODH¿FDFLDGH
DXWRUHV /DYLJQH7DU]LEDFKL DQDOL]DQHOOXJDUGHOD ODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVHQODLQWHUDFFLyQVRFLDO\HOPRGR
,JOHVLDFRPRIDFWRUGHSUHVLyQIUHQWHDOURODFWLYRGHO(VWDGRHQ
HQTXHpVWDVFRQVWUX\HQFROHFWLYDPHQWHQXHVWUDUHDOLGDG
WDQWRJDUDQWHGHODFFHVRDODHGXFDFLyQHQVH[XDOLGDG(VWDVLWXD
FLyQHVSDUWLFXODUPHQWHGLItFLOHQVRFLHGDGHVGRQGHODVUHOLJLRQHV VRFLDOQXHVWUDSUiFWLFDFRWLGLDQD
\ PRUDOHV SDUWLFXODUHV LQÀX\HQ \ PXFKDV YHFHV GHWHUPLQDQ ODV 6XUJHDVtHOLQWHUURJDQWHVREUHODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVR
IXQFLRQHVGHO(VWDGR\ODSROtWLFDS~EOLFD FLDOHVGHHGXFDFLyQVH[XDOTXHFRQVWUX\HQORVGRFHQWHV

228 DE LA PÁGINA 227 A LA 232


FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA - UBA / SECRETARÍA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XX

MyYHQHVTXHWLHQHQDVXFDUJRODWUDQVPLVLyQHQHODXOD HGXFDFLyQVH[XDOODFRQVWUXFFLyQLGHQWLWDULDHQWRUQRDO
SXHVWRTXHSXHGHSHUPLWLUQRVYLVOXPEUDUORVVLVWHPDVGH UROFRPRHGXFDGRUHQVH[XDOLGDG\ODUHODFLyQHQWUHUH
LQWHUSUHWDFLyQ\GHSHQVDPLHQWRFROHFWLYRTXHDIHFWDQORV SUHVHQWDFLRQHV\SUiFWLFDVHQHGXFDFLyQVH[XDO
SURFHVRVGHHQVHxDQ]D\DSUHQGL]DMHGHGLFKRVFRQWHQL 6HLQFOX\HURQDGHPiVLQVWDQFLDVSDUWLFLSDWLYDVPtQLPDV
GRVHVSHFt¿FRVVREUHHGXFDFLyQVH[XDO'LFKDVUHSUH TXHLQFUHPHQWHQODSDUWLFLSDFLyQGHODSREODFLyQLQYROX
VHQWDFLRQHVSRGUtDQRSHUDUHQODSUiFWLFDHQWDQWRIDFLOL FUDGDHQHOSURFHVRGHREMHWLYDFLyQGHODUHDOLGDGHQHV
WDGRUDVXREVWDFXOL]DGRUDVHQFXDGUDQGRODVSHUVSHFWLYDV WXGLRFRQHOREMHWLYRGHJHQHUDUFRQRFLPLHQWRFROHFWLYR
LQWHUYHQFLRQHV\HVWUDWHJLDVSDUDOOHYDUDFDERODDSOLFD VREUHGLFKDUHDOLGDG 6LUYHQW 
FLyQGHODQRUPD /DOHFWXUD\IDPLOLDUL]DFLyQGHODLQIRUPDFLyQUHOHYDGDD
,QWHUHVDHOPRGRHQTXHODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHVGH WUDYpVGHHQWUHYLVWDV\FXDGHUQRGHQRWDVMXQWRDODVLV
(GXFDFLyQVH[XDODWUDYLHVDQODSUiFWLFDPLVPDGDQGRR WHPDWL]DFLyQ GH ODV LQVWDQFLDV GH LQWHUDFFLyQ LQIRUPDO
QROXJDUDODPRWRUL]DFLyQGHODSROtWLFDS~EOLFD\DORTXH SRVLELOLWDURQODFRQVWUXFFLyQGHFDWHJRUtDVHPHUJHQWHV\
VXGLVFXUVRIRUPXOD(QHVHVHQWLGRQRVSUHJXQWDPRV ODFRGL¿FDFLyQGHORVGDWRVFX\RVSULPHURVUHVXOWDGRV
¢&XiOHVVRQORVFRQWHQLGRV\GLVFXUVRVTXHDSDUHFHQ\ SUHVHQWDPRVHQHOSUHVHQWHWUDEDMR
VHUHLWHUDQHQUHODFLyQDODHGXFDFLyQVH[XDO"¢&yPRVH
SURGXFHQ PDQWLHQHQ \ WUDQVIRUPDQ GLFKRV FRQWHQLGRV
? ^ @ + , - . W = ; B A - _

FRPSDUWLGRV"¢6REUHTXpSUHFRQFHSFLRQHVVHDVLHQWDQ\
B G N L Q S L U X , K M N I N O P Q U L R M I D _ ` I D G F I N O G Q L U X Y L F U a

FRQVWUX\HQ ODV LGHDV HQ WRUQR D OD HGXFDFLyQ VH[XDO"


Y L N S O ` I U

¢6RQODVSUiFWLFDVRORVHOHPHQWRVFRJQLWLYRVGHODUHSUH $SDUWLUGHODVLVWHPDWL]DFLyQ\FRGL¿FDFLyQGHOPDWHULDO
VHQWDFLyQVRFLDOODVTXHWLHQHQSULRULGDGHQHVHVHFWRUGH VHKDQSRGLGRLGHQWL¿FDUDOJXQRVGDWRVVLJQL¿FDWLYRVTXH
FRQVWUXFFLyQVRFLDOGHODUHDOLGDG" KDFHQDOFRQWHQLGRWHPiWLFR\TXHFRQVWLWX\HQHQWDQWR
+DELGDFXHQWDGHODIRUPXODFLyQGHXQDOH\HQODFXDOOD KLSyWHVLVLQWHUSUHWDWLYDFDPSRVGHVHQWLGRDSURIXQGL]DU
HGXFDFLyQVH[XDOUHPLWHDXQFRQFHSWRDPSOLRGHVH[XD &XDQGRKDEODPRVGHUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHVQRQRV
OLGDGGH¿QLHQGRODHGXFDFLyQVH[XDOGHVGHXQDSHUVSHF UHIHULPRVSXHVDDWULEXWRV¿MRVTXHORVLQGLYLGXRVDSRUWDQ
WLYDHQODTXHVHFRQFLEHODGLYHUVLGDGGHVXVGLPHQVLR DFDGDLQWHUDFFLyQVLQRTXHVHSURGXFHQVHUHFUHDQ\VH
QHVHVTXHVXUJHFRPRLQHOXGLEOHHOHVWXGLRGHDTXHOORV PRGL¿FDQHQHOFXUVRGHODVLQWHUDFFLRQHV\ODVSUiFWLFDV
FRQWHQLGRV\GLVFXUVRVTXHDWUDYLHVDQODSRVLELOLGDGGH VRFLDOHV &DVWRULQD 
DSOLFDFLyQHIHFWLYDGHXQDSROtWLFDS~EOLFDHQVH[XDOLGDG
Ź(OVXMHWRFRPRSRUWDGRUGHGHWHUPLQDFLRQHVVR
? ? ? @ / , = A B A W A \ ] ;

b c d e f g

6HUHDOL]DURQYHLQWHHQWUHYLVWDVHQSURIXQGLGDGDGRFHQ 0RVFRYLFLYDDVHxDODUTXHODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHV
WHVMyYHQHVGHHQWUH\DxRVGHDPERVVH[RVTXH DGHPiV GH VHU VLHPSUH UHSUHVHQWDFLRQHV GH DOJR VRQ
GHVDUUROODQVXVWDUHDVHQHVFXHODVS~EOLFDVGHQLYHOPH WDPELpQUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVGHDOJXLHQRGHDOJ~QFROHFWLYR
GLRHQODORFDOLGDGGH4XLOPHVSURYLQFLDGH%XHQRV$LUHV  
ORVFXDOHVIXHURQVHOHFFLRQDGRVDWUDYpVGHXQPXHVWUHR $VtHQXQSULPHUDFHUFDPLHQWRHVSRVLEOHYLVXDOL]DUXQD
QRSUREDELOtVWLFRLQWHQFLRQDO IXHUWHUHODFLyQHQWUHHOVXMHWRGHODUHSUHVHQWDFLyQHQVX
$VLPLVPRVHFRQVLGHUDURQGRFHQWHVGHGLIHUHQWHVDxRV URO FRPR IRUPDGRU HQ VH[XDOLGDG \ VX FRQVWUXFFLyQ
GHIRUPDFLyQWHQLHQGRHQFXHQWDODLQFOXVLyQGHGRFHQWHV LGHQWLWDULD
FX\DDVLJQDWXUDFRUUHVSRQGDHVSHFt¿FDPHQWHDODWHPi
WLFDGHHGXFDFLyQVH[XDOFRPRWDPELpQGRFHQWHVFX\RV Ɣ(OVDEHUHQVH[XDOLGDGVyORSDUDH[SHUWRV
FRQWHQLGRVVHDQDERUGDGRVWUDQVYHUVDOPHQWH )RUPDOL]DGDVGHVGHODLPSRVLELOLGDGRODGL¿FXOWDGDSDUH
(OSURFHVRGHUHFROHFFLyQGHGDWRVWXYRXQSULPHUPR FHOD³PLUDGDGHORWUR´\ODSUHVLyQVRFLDOIUHQWHDXQHGX
PHQWRGHDFHUFDPLHQWRHWQRJUi¿FRREVHUYDFLyQSDUWLFL FDGRULGHDODXWRUL]DGRSDUDDERUGDUODVWHPiWLFDVTXHD
SDQWHFRQYHUVDFLRQHVLQIRUPDOHVTXHSHUPLWLyDQDOL]DU VH[XDOLGDGUH¿HUHQ
HOHVFHQDULRGHLQWHUDFFLyQVRFLDO\GHLQWHUFDPELRYHUEDO
\QRYHUEDOHQHOFXDOVHFRQVWUX\HQODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHV ³<R FUHR TXH HQ FLHUWDV HVFXHODV VH QHFHVLWDQ JUXSRV
VRFLDOHVGHVGHXQDERUGDMHSURFHVXDO %DQFKV DO FDSDFLWDGRVOOiPHVHHQIHUPHURVSVLFyORJRVVRFLDOHVOR
WLHPSRTXHVHEXVFyFRQVWUXLUFLHUWRVQLYHOHVGHFRQ¿DQ TXHVHDTXHYD\DQ\KDEOHQWUDQVPLWDQ « +D\JUXSRV
]DLPSOLFDQGRXQSURFHVRELGLUHFFLRQDOTXHGLHUDVHQWLGR TXHVHLQYROXFUDQTXHWHQpVEXHQDHPSDWtD\KD\RWURV
DODH[SHULHQFLD TXHHVXQDDSDWtDWHUULEOHHQWRQFHVHVRWDPELpQHVGLItFLO
/DUHFROHFFLyQGHGDWRVVHUHDOL]yDSDUWLUGHHQWUHYLVWDV 1RHVIiFLOHOUROGRFHQWH´ *&BIHPHQLQRB 
VHPLHVWUXFWXUDGDVDORVGRFHQWHVVHOHFFLRQDGRVSRUHO
FULWHULRPXHVWUDO6HWUDEDMyFRQORVGLVFXUVRVGHORVSDU ³«HQWRQFHVTXHVHFRQWUDWHRTXHVHSXHGDQLQWHJUDU
WLFLSDQWHVSDUDUHFRQVWUXLUFROHFWLYDPHQWHODVUHSUHVHQWD JUXSRVGHSURIHVLRQDOHVFDSDFLWDGRVTXHWHQJDQHOWLHP h

FLRQHVVRFLDOHV\SRGHUDQDOL]DUVXUHODFLyQFRQODVSUiF
i j k l m l n i o p q j r s l t n j u o n l n i l p q o m q v o w o n x u j m j n y q n y j n

WLFDVTXHVHJHQHUDQHQWRUQRDODLPSOHPHQWDFLyQGHO SURIHVRUHV«FRPRHVSDFLRH[WHUQR´ 03BIHPHQLQRB 


3URJUDPDGH(GXFDFLyQ6H[XDO
7UHVHMHVIXHURQWRPDGRVHQFXHQWDHQHVWHSURFHVRGH 'LFKDVD¿UPDFLRQHVDSDUHFHQWDPELpQGHVGHODFRWLGLD
FRQVWUXFFLyQGHVHQWLGRVORVVLJQL¿FDGRVDWULEXLGRVDOD QHLGDGGHODVSUiFWLFDVGRQGHDQWHODSURSXHVWDGHSDU

DE LA PÁGINA 227 A LA 232 229


REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES SOBRE LA EDUCACIÓN SEXUAL EN LA ESCUELA MEDIA
SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS ON SEXUAL EDUCATION IN MIDDLE SCHOOL
Rolando, Silvana; Seidmann, Susana

WLFLSDFLyQHQMRUQDGDVDWUDYpVGHWDOOHUHVTXHDERUGHQ WRVHOHPHQWRVTXHIDFLOLWDQHOHQFXHQWURFRQODHGXFDFLyQ
WHPiWLFDVGHVH[XDOLGDGPXFKRVGRFHQWHVVHPXHVWUDQ VH[XDOODSHOHDFRQWUDORVSURSLRVSUHMXLFLRV
GLVSXHVWRVDFRODERUDUSHURDFRQGLFLyQGHODSUHVHQFLD
GHSURIHVLRQDOHVR³HVSHFLDOLVWDV´DTXLHQHVOHFRPSHWHOD Ź$QWLQRPLDVWHQVLRQHVTXHHVWUXFWXUDQ
UHVSRQVDELOLGDGGHKDEODUGHHVWRVWHPDV³GLItFLOHV´ 3UHFLVDPHQWH0RVFRYLFLUHFRQRFHLQWHUHVDQWHVDVSHFWRV
6H HQWUHWHMH DOOt HQ VX LGHQWLGDG GRFHQWH OR TXH ORV HQODJpQHVLVGHOVHQWLGRFRP~Q\VXXWLOL]DFLyQFRPRJXtD
PDHVWURVVDEHQ VXEDVHGHFRQRFLPLHQWR ORTXHFUHHQ GHFRQGXFWDVRFLDO\VHxDODTXHFRH[LVWHQHQHOLQGLYLGXR
ORTXHVLHQWHQ\ORTXHLQWHUSUHWDQWRGRHOORHQPDUFDGR YDULRV PRGRV GH SHQVDPLHQWR 8Q HVWDGR GH SROLIDVLD
SRU ORV FRQWH[WRV JOREDOHV H LQVWLWXFLRQDOHV HQ ORV TXH FRJQLWLYDDSDUWLUGHODVFXDOHVLQGLYLGXRVRJUXSRVVRQ
HMHUFHQVXWUDEDMR FDSDFHVGHHPSOHDUOyJLFDVYDULDEOHVGHDFXHUGRDORV
6LJXLHQGRD%HDWUL]ÈYDORV  HQWHQGHPRVODLGHQWL GLVWLQWRVGRPLQLRVGHVXDFWLYLGDG 0RVFRYLFL\0DUNRYi
GDG SURIHVLRQDO FRPR HO FRQFHSWR TXH ORV PDHVWURV  (QHVWHFDVRFRQGHQVDQGRDTXHOODVLGHDVVREUH
IRUMDQGHVtPLVPRVHQUHODFLyQDVXSURIHVLyQ\VXWUD HOPRGRHQTXHODVH[XDOLGDGSXHGHVHUWUDQVPLWLGD\XQ
EDMR\TXHVHVXVWHQWDHQHOHPHQWRVUHIHULGRVWDQWRDOD RUGHQYDORUDWLYRDSDUWLUGHOFXDOVHFRQVWUX\HODUHODFLyQ
FRQFHSFLyQSHUVRQDOGHODHQVHxDQ]DFRPRDVXSHU GHOVXMHWR GRFHQWH FRQHOREMHWR ODHGXFDFLyQVH[XDO 
FHSFLyQGHH¿FDFLD $VtORVUHVXOWDGRVDERUGDGRVSXHGHQLQWHUSUHWDUVHGHVGH
ODSHUVSHFWLYDSURFHVXDOGHOD7HRUtDGHODV5HSUHVHQWDFLR
Ɣ³/RSHUVRQDOHVSROtWLFR´ QHV 6RFLDOHV %DQFKV  -RGHOHW  0RVFRYLFL
$GHQWUDUVHHQODVFXHVWLRQHVGHVH[XDOLGDGUHTXLHUHSUR  HQWpUPLQRVGHWKHPDWL]DFLyQREMHWLYDFLyQ\DQFODMH
FHVRV IRUPDWLYRV PXFKR PiV DXGDFHV H LPDJLQDWLYRV /RV WKHPDWD HQ WDQWR SDUHV ELQDULRV SHUPLWHQ DQFODU
&UHHQFLDVPLWRVSUHMXLFLRVWHPRUHVGXGDVDSDUHFHQ VLVWHPDVGHRSRVLFLyQFRQWULEX\HQGRDODRUJDQL]DFLyQ
HQODVSUiFWLFDVGRFHQWHVLQWHUSHODQGRVXSURSLDELRJUDItD GHOSHQVDPLHQWRVRFLDODOSRVLELOLWDUODUHODFLyQGLDOpFWLFD
HVFRODU\HOPRGRHQTXHVHFRQVWUX\HURQFLHUWDVGLPHQ H[LVWHQWHHQWUHODWHQVLyQ\ODLQWHJUDFLyQGHOPLVPR(V
VLRQHVGHVXLGHQWLGDGSURIHVLRQDO6XUJHODLQWHUURJDFLyQ TXHPDVHSLVWpPLFRVRUJDQL]DGRUHVTXHVHPDWHULDOL]DQ
DDGXOWRVTXHIXHURQIRUPDGRVEDMRHOPDQGDWRGHOVLOHQ HQSDUHVGHRSRVLFLyQ 0RVFRYLFL6\9LJQDX[* 
FLRGHPDQGDQGRVXFDSDFLGDGGHHVFXFKDQRPEUDQGR
DTXHOORTXHSDUDPXFKRVQRGHEHVHUQRPEUDGR Ɣ5HIHUHQWH3DU
(QODUHSUHVHQWDFLyQVRFLDODFHUFDGHODHGXFDFLyQVH[XDO
³«VHJHQHUDQPXFKRVFRQÀLFWRVDODKRUDGHSRQHUHQ LQVLVWHODWKHPDWD5HIHUHQWH3DUODFXDOVHFRQFUHWL]D
MXHJRHOFULWHULRGHFDGDXQRIUHQWHDTXpKDFHHQHGXFD h GHVGHODGLVWDQFLDRFHUFDQtDHQODUHODFLyQGRFHQWHHV
FLyQ VH[XDO SRUTXH HQ OD PHGLGD HQ TXH VH KDEOD GH WXGLDQWHVFRQWHQLGRDHQVHxDUDODERUGDUODVH[XDOLGDG
HGXFDFLyQVH[XDOFRPRTXHVHHVWiMXJDQGRFRQORTXH GHQWURGHOHVSDFLRHVFRODU(QWDQWRTXHSDUHVDQWLQyPL
XQRKDFHHQVXVH[XDOLGDG´ /$BIHPHQLQRBB'RFHQWH  FRVHQPDUFDQGRVPRGRVGHDERUGDUHOWHPDHQODVDXODV
&RPRSDUHVELQDULRVRULHQWDGRUHVGHODVSUiFWLFDV\ORV
³(OVHFUHWR\RFUHRTXHUHVLGHHQTXHXQRWLHQHTXHYLYLU LQWHUFDPELRVFRWLGLDQRVDSDUHFHODLGHDGHODHGXFDFLyQ
ODVH[XDOLGDGOLEUHPHQWHHVRHVIXQGDPHQWDO«XQDSHU h VH[XDO GHVGH XQ OXJDU IRUPDO GH OR SHUPLWLGR SDUD VHU
VRQDTXHQRWLHQHXQDVH[XDOLGDGOLEUHTXHQRWLHQHXQD KDEODGRGHOHMDQtDFRQHOWHPD\GHFLHUWDGL¿FXOWDGIUHQ
DFHSWDFLyQVH[XDO\DVHDTXHVHDJD\RKHWHURVH[XDO WHDXQDPRGDOLGDGGHORLQIRUPDOHQODFXDOVHDYDQ]D³GH
ELVH[XDOORTXHVHD«GLJDPRVSDUDPtHVRHVIXQGDPHQ h LJXDODLJXDO´GHVGHXQOXJDUGH³SDU´TXHLQIDQWLOL]DDO
WDO« 2WUD FRVD TXH QRWR HV HO WHPD GHO PLHGR TXH HV GRFHQWHDOYXOJDUL]DUVXFRQWHQLGR
³<RHQOD~QLFDPDWHULDTXH
p j y j n q x n q z { | q l t o u y q l w j w l l u } j p o t l m z l y o r i o t o

š Œ  Ž  › ‹ Œ € ‡  Š  Ž  ‡

DERUGDUHOWHPDKD\TXHSHOHDUFRQWUDORVSURSLRVSUHMXL HVWUXFWXUDGRRVHDTXH
~  €  ‚ ƒ ‚  „  … † ‡  ˆ „  ‰ † Š ‹   Œ

FLRV´ (*BPDVFXOLQRB  6DOXG<$GROHVFHQFLDSRUTXH


Œ  ‰  ™  › † † Ž ‹ Ž „ † ‡ 

‰  Ž  ‰  Œ  Ž Ž  ‡  ˆ † … ƒ  Œ † …  Œ ‰  ™  › † † Ž  ‰ • ‡ † ‡ ‚ 

ODVFRVDVTXHPHSXHGDQ
ˆ  Ž …  Œ „  Œ ƒ ‚  Ž  Ž ƒ Œ   Ž „ 

³«\RWURFRPSRQHQWHWLHQHTXHYHUFRQORTXHXQRWUDH ‚  Œ „ ‡  ‚  ˆ ‚ ƒ Ž    … ‹ ‡ ‡ ƒ … ‹ ˆ † ‡ € ‡  ˜ ‹ Œ „ † ‡ ‘  ’ — Œ „  Œ …  Ž

w l m o } o y q m q o r l u z t o u j z t j n l m l y l u z j n p { m z { t o m l n } { l t z l n

PXFKRPiVQRWHSRGpV
›  Œ  ‰  ™  › † † Ž  ‰ • ‡ † ‡

WDPELpQ¢QR"HVRWDPELpQFRQGLFLRQDPXFKR«´ &$B ‰  „  ‡ ‘  ’ “  „  ‚  Ž  Ž „ † ‰  Ž Ž ƒ  ˆ ˆ  Ž €  Œ  Œ € † ˆ † • ‡ † Ž

PDVFXOLQRB  … † € † … ƒ „ † ‚  Ž € † ‡ †  Ž „  ”  Ž

TXHSDUDPXFKRVVRQ«
• † Ž „ † Œ „  …  ‰ € ˆ ƒ … † ‚  – — Œ „  Œ …  Ž  ‰ † ˆ † Ž € † ˆ † • ‡ † Ž   “ 

$SDUHFHQHQWRQFHVIXHUWHVWHQVLRQHVHQWUHDTXHOODLPD TXHVHFRQWUDWHQJUXSRVGH
‰  † Ž  ‰ • ‡  Ž ƒ ‰  €  Œ  Œ

JHQTXHGHEHUtDRFXSDUVHHQWDQWRIRUPDGRUHQVH[XDOL SLMDFXORFRQFKDFRJHU«´
€ ‡  Š  Ž ƒ  Œ † ˆ  Ž … † € † … ƒ „ † ‚  Ž 

GDG\ODVHQVDFLyQGHLQFRQVLVWHQFLDDODVXPLUODLQWHUSH (*BPDVFXOLQRB 
Œ  Ž  „ ‡  Ž Œ  Ž  ‰  Ž ‰ † ˜  Ž ” Œ 

ODFLyQ D VXV SURSLDV SUiFWLFDV D VX SRVLFLRQDPLHQWR


€  ‚  ‰  Ž ~ † …  ‡ ‰ ƒ ˆ † … „ ƒ ™ ƒ ‚ † ‚  Ž

DODYH]´ *&BIHPHQLQR 
š ›   Œ ‹ Œ ‰  ‰  Œ „  ‰ 

IUHQWHDGLFKRREMHWRGHFRQRFLPLHQWRODVH[XDOLGDG ™  œ † …  Œ ‚ ƒ … ƒ  Œ † ‚  ” 

$SDUHFHHQHOUHODWRGRFHQWH\HQFRQVRQDQFLDFRQOR
FUHtDTXHWHQtDTXHGDU
UHJLVWUDGRHQHOFXDGHUQRGHQRWDVDSDUWLUGHODVLVWHPD  ˆ † € † ‡ † „  ‡  € ‡  ‚ ‹ … „  ‡ ”

WL]DFLyQGHSUiFWLFDVREVHUYDGDVODGL¿FXOWDGDSDUWLUGHO \HVWHDxRPHUHODMp«´
PLHGRGHODIDOWDGHFDSDFLWDFLyQGHOFRQÀLFWRIUHQWHDXQ *5BPDVFXOLQRB 
WHPDWDE~\DOPLVPRWLHPSRHOUHFRQRFLPLHQWRGHFLHU

230 DE LA PÁGINA 227 A LA 232


FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA - UBA / SECRETARÍA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XX

(VWRVSDUHVRSXHVWRVFRQYLYHQPRVWUDQGRFyPRHOSHQVD XQDSHUFHSFLyQQHJDWLYDGHODVH[XDOLGDG\ODVSUiFWLFDV
PLHQWRGHOVHQWLGRFRP~QVHFDUDFWHUL]DSRUODKHWHURJH VH[XDOHVFRPR³FRPSRUWDPLHQWRVGHULHVJR´LPSULPLHQGR
QHLGDG\SRUODGLDORJLFLGDGWRPDQGRGHVYtRVFRQVLGHUDQ XQHQIRTXHFRQHMHHQODSUHYHQFLyQ\UHVDOWDQGRHOFDUiF
GRODPXOWLSOLFLGDGGHFLUFXQVWDQFLDV\IRUPDQGRPDWLFHVGH WHUKHWHURQRUPDWLYRGHODLQVWLWXFLyQHVFRODU
VLJQL¿FDFLyQ 0DUNRYi (QVXLQWHULRUODVLQIRUPDFLR
QHVVHPH]FODQVHDGDSWDQ\VHUHFRQVWUX\HQQHJRFLDGDV ³'HVGHPLHQIRTXHVHUtDTXHORVFKLFRVFRQR]FDQSDUWH
HQORVLQWHUFDPELRVHLQWHUDFFLRQHVFRWLGLDQDV GHVXFXHUSR\FyPRORWLHQHQTXHFXLGDU«)XQGDPHQ h

(VWH SURFHVR GH WKHPDWL]DFLyQ 0RVFRYLFL \ 9LJQDX[ WDOPHQWHDSDUWLUGHOFRQRFLPLHQWRGHORVPpWRGRVDQWL h

 GDFXHQWDGHORULJHQGHODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLD FRQFHSWLYRV XVR GHO SUHVHUYDWLYR YHU TXp VH FRQRFH
OHVVLHQGRODH[SHULHQFLDODTXHLQWHUYLHQHFRPRPHGLD PRVWUDUFXiOHVVRQORVPpWRGRVTXHKD\\FXiOHVHOORV
GRUD HQ OD FRQVWUXFFLyQ GH HVWRV FRQRFLPLHQWRV 6HLG SXHGHQXWLOL]DUVLQMX]JDUQLQDGD6LQRPiVELHQLQIRU h

PDQQ\RWURV  PDU\ELHQSUHYHQWLYR2ULHQWDGRKDFLDODSUHYHQFLyQ«
TXHVHWLHQHQTXHFXLGDUTXHQRHVWiEXHQRTXHDHVD
$O PLVPR WLHPSR HQ HVD GH¿QLFLyQ IRUPDOLQIRUPDO ORV HGDG TXHGHQ HPEDUD]DGRV TXH VH FRQWDJLHQ DOJXQD
FRQWHQLGRVHQHGXFDFLyQVH[XDOVRQLQFRUSRUDGRVHQODV HQIHUPHGDG´ 1*B)HPHQLQRB 
UHGHVGHFDWHJRUtDVH[LVWHQWHVSRQLHQGRGHPDQL¿HVWRHO
PRYLPLHQWRGHDQFODMHDOGHMDUHQWUHYHUODSURSLDIRUPD
 Ÿ

j o   j t w o y { p ¡ o n | l p l n l m i t j } l n j t w l   q j m j ¢ £ o x p j u { u

FLyQ IUHQWH D VXV DFWXDOHV SRVLFLRQDPLHQWRV (O REMHWR


n l n ¢ j y { k   q j m j ¢ q p q n z o ¤ ¥ k j l u { u y j y l u z j y l | l £ o

UHSUHVHQWDGR VH LQFOX\H GHQWUR GHO VLVWHPD GH SHQVD FRQGLFLRQDGRRFUHtDTXHWHQtDTXHGDUHODSDUDWRUHSUR h

PLHQWR TXH OH SUHH[LVWH GHQRWDQGR VXV OD]RV FRQ XQ GXFWRU´ *5BPDVFXOLQRB 
JUXSRXQDFXOWXUDRXQDVRFLHGDGGHWHUPLQDGD
'HHVWHPRGRODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVLQJXODUHVTXHFDGD
³'HVSXpV\RFUHRTXHKD\RWURFRPSRQHQWHTXHWLHQHTXH XQRDGHORVSURIHVRUHVDVSURGXFHHQWDQWRVXMHWRUHVSHF
YHUFRQORTXHXQRWUDHGHDUUDVWUHWDPELpQGHODIDPLOLD« WRGHVXSUiFWLFDVRQDOPLVPRWLHPSROHJLWLPDGDV\WUDQV
HQWUDQRWURVHOHPHQWRVFXOWXUDOHVIXHUWHVWDPELpQ´ &$B PLWLGDVGHQWURGHOFDPSRDOTXHGLFKRVVXMHWRVSHUWHQHFHQ
PDVFXOLQRB  GHQWURGHODVLQVWLWXFLRQHV\ORVFROHFWLYRVKXPDQRVDORV
FXDOHVVHLQFRUSRUDQGXUDQWHVXWUD\HFWRULDIRUPDWLYD\OD
ERUDO$PERVSODQRVHVWDEOHFHQXQDUHODFLyQGHLQWHUGH
 ž

| l t x z j w j n u j n l u } j p o y j n w l { u o } j t y o w q } l t l u z l x k k j

FUHRTXHWLHQHTXHYHUFRQVXSURSLDH[SHULHQFLD´ (*B SHQGHQFLD\UHFLSURFLGDGHQWUHVtSXHVWRTXHODVUHSUHVHQ


PDVFXOLQRB  WDFLRQHV SHUWHQHFLHQWHV DO FROHFWLYR VRQ DSURSLDGDV
LQHYLWDEOHPHQWHSRUORVVXMHWRVGXUDQWHVXIRUPDFLyQUH
(ODQFODMHKDFHUHIHUHQFLDDFyPRODUHSUHVHQWDFLyQVRFLDO VLJQL¿FDGDV\WUDQVIRUPDGDVHQHVHSURFHVR
\VXREMHWRVHHQUDt]DQHQXQDPDWUL]VRFLDOGHVLJQL¿FD
GRVYDORUHV\FUHHQFLDVSUHYLDPHQWHH[LVWHQWHV([LVWH
^ @ > A 0 - ? B , + ; > ? A 0 , - ¦ ? 0 ; W , -

XQDUHODFLyQGHtQGROHGLDOpFWLFDHQWUHORVDPERVPHFD
+ L Y L Q U I Q K G K L U K L D I = L G F § I K L D I U + L Y F L U L Q S I N O G Q L U

QLVPRV \D TXH LQWHJUDQ \ DUWLFXODQ ODV WUHV IXQFLRQHV


- G N O I D L U

EiVLFDV GH OD UHSUHVHQWDFLyQ OD IXQFLyQ FRJQLWLYD TXH /DVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHVFRQVWLWX\HQSULQFLSLRVJH


SHUPLWHLQWHJUDUODQRYHGDGODIXQFLyQGHLQWHUSUHWDFLyQ QHUDGRUHV GH WRPDV GH SRVLFLyQ OLJDGRV D LQVHUFLRQHV
GHODUHDOLGDG\ODIXQFLyQGHRULHQWDFLyQGHODVFRQGXFWDV VRFLDOHV HVSHFt¿FDV \ RUJDQL]DQ DO PLVPR WLHPSR ORV
\ODVUHODFLRQHVVRFLDOHV -RGHOHW  SURFHVRV VLPEyOLFRV TXH LQWHUYLHQHQ HQ ODV UHODFLRQHV
VRFLDOHV$ORSHUDUFRPRPDUFRGHLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHOHQ
Ɣ7DE~*HQLWDOLGDG WRUQRUHJXODQODVYLQFXODFLRQHVFRQHOPXQGR\FRQORV
$VLPLVPRHVDFRH[LVWHQFLDGHUHIHUHQWHSDUTXHVHSUH RWURV\RULHQWDQ\RUJDQL]DQODVFRQGXFWDV\ODVFRPXQL
VHQWDFRPRFDUDFWHUtVWLFDGHODUHSUHVHQWDFLyQVRFLDOHQ FDFLRQHV7LHQHQXQSDSHOLPSRUWDQWHHQODGH¿QLFLyQGH
HGXFDFLyQVH[XDOSXHGHDERUGDUVHWDPELpQHQWpUPLQRV ODVLGHQWLGDGHVSHUVRQDOHV\VRFLDOHV 6HLGPDQQ\RWURV
GHREMHWLYDFLyQ  
(O ³WDE~´ \ OD ³JHQLWDOLGDG´ DSDUHFHQ UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH /D7HRUtDGHODV5HSUHVHQWDFLRQHV6RFLDOHVSHUPLWHDVt
FRPRHOHPHQWRVTXHFRQFUHWL]DQDPERVWpUPLQRVGHOD SURIXQGL]DUHQDTXHOODVFRQVWUXFFLRQHVTXHHQWDQWRH[
DQWLQRPLD 5HPLWHQ DVt DO REMHWR GH OD UHSUHVHQWDFLyQ SOLFDFLyQ\FRQRFLPLHQWRSUiFWLFRDSDUHFHQHQOD]DGDVD
VRFLDO \ SRU OR WDQWR DO SURFHVR GH REMHWLYDFLyQ (VWDV DVSHFWRVGHODYLGDFRWLGLDQDFRPR³WRWDOLGDGVLJQL¿FDQWH
LPiJHQHVFRQVWLWX\HQWHVGHOQ~FOHR¿JXUDWLYRGHODUHSUH \FRQWH[WXDOL]DGD´ -RGHOHW 
VHQWDFLyQ VRFLDO FRQGHQVDQ DVSHFWRV FRQWUDGLFWRULRV 'DUFXHQWDHQWRQFHVGHODUHODFLyQHQWUHUHSUHVHQWDFLR
TXH VH DFHSWDQ \ QDWXUDOL]DQ SURGXFLpQGRVH XQ VHQWL QHV \ SUiFWLFDV SHUPLWH GHVHQWUDxDU HVD FRQVWUXFFLyQ
PLHQWRGHIDPLOLDULGDG UHFtSURFDDOOtGRQGHHOGLVFXUVRGRFHQWH\VXFDUJDDIHF
WLYDVHDQXGDQDVXSRVLFLRQDPLHQWRHQHODXOD(VHQHVRV
Ɣ6H[XDOLGDG5LHVJR3UHYHQFLyQ SURFHVRVGHHODERUDFLyQ\UHHODERUDFLyQGHODVUHSUHVHQ
3RU~OWLPR\HQFRQVRQDQFLDFRQDOJXQDVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHV WDFLRQHVVRFLDOHVTXHORVFDPELRVSXHGHQSURGXFLUVHHQ
$ORQVR\=XUEULJJHQGHO5tR)RUWXQD*ULP ODHVIHUDGHODVXEMHWLYLGDGDOUHVLJQL¿FDUVHODH[SHULHQFLD
EHUJ IXHSRVLEOHYLVXDOL]DUHQORVGLVFXUVRVGRFHQWHV GHORVLQGLYLGXRVHQODHVIHUDGHODLQWHUVXEMHWLYLGDGDO

DE LA PÁGINA 227 A LA 232 231


REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES SOBRE LA EDUCACIÓN SEXUAL EN LA ESCUELA MEDIA
SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS ON SEXUAL EDUCATION IN MIDDLE SCHOOL
Rolando, Silvana; Seidmann, Susana

SURGXFLUVHODFRQFLHQWL]DFLyQGHORVDFWRUHV\ODFRQVWUXF
¨ © ª © ¨ © « ¬ ­ ® ¯ ° ­ ° ± ­ ² ³ ¨ ´ ª ­ ¬ ® ¯

FLyQGHQXHYRVVLJQL¿FDGRVFRPSDUWLGRV\HQODHVIHUD $YDORV%  ³/DSURIHVLyQGRFHQWHWHPDV\GLVFXVLRQHVHQ


WUDQVXEMHWLYD DO SRGHU FXHVWLRQDUVH HVH WHOyQ GH IRQGR ODOLWHUDWXUDLQWHUQDFLRQDO´(Q(VWXGLRV3HGDJyJLFRV;;;9,
µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º » ¼ ½ º ¾ » ¿

TXHFRQVWLWX\HQORVPDUFRVGHIXQFLRQDPLHQWRLQVWLWXFLR
%DQFKV0$  ³&RQFHSWRGH5HSUHVHQWDFLRQHV6RFLDOHV
QDOODVSUHVLRQHVLGHROyJLFDV\ODHVWUXFWXUDFLyQGHODV $QiOLVLVFRPSDUDWLYR´(Q
· ¶ ¶ · Ì · ½

UHODFLRQHVVRFLDOHV\GHSRGHU -RGHOHW 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç Ä Å Æ Ã È Á É Ä Á Ê Á Ë Ä Ã È

\
Í Î

(OHVWXGLRHPStULFRGHODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHVVH %DQFKV0$  ³$SUR[LPDFLRQHVSURFHVXDOHV\HVWUXFWXUD


FRQVWLWX\HDVtHQHOPDUFRGHODLQYHVWLJDFLyQHGXFDWLYD OHVDOHVWXGLRGHODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHV´
¿ Ï Ð Ñ ¶ ·

Ë Æ Ò Á Ä É

HQXQDKHUUDPLHQWD~WLODOPRPHQWRGHLQGDJDUWDQWRODV     'LVSRQLEOH HQ KWWS ZZZ


· Ì ¶ ¶ ·

Ä È Ã Æ Á Ò Á Ä Á É Å Æ Å Ã É Ä

YDORUDFLRQHV\FRQRFLPLHQWRVVRFLDOPHQWHFRQVWUXLGRV SVUMNXDW
%DQFKV0$  ³-XJDQGRFRQODVLGHDVHQWRUQRDODVUHSUH
FRPRWDPELpQVXVFRQVHFXHQFLDVHQODSUiFWLFDHVFRODU
VHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHVGHVGH9HQH]XHOD´(Q $xR
¶ Ô Ô

'HLJXDOPDQHUDHOHVWXGLRGHVXVPHFDQLVPRVGHIRUPD
Ó Á Á É Å Õ

1URHQHURDEULO0pULGD9HQH]XHOD
FLyQREMHWLYDFLyQ\DQFODMHQRVSHUPLWHQFRPSUHQGHU &DVWRULQD-$ FRPS    À Á Ò

Á Ä Á É Å Æ È Ã
·

É Á Ä Ä
·

È Ã Æ
Ì

Á Ä
¿

Ë
¶ · ½

FyPRVHSURGXFHQGLFKDVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHV\SRUWDQWR EOHPDVWHyULFRV\FRQRFLPLHQWRVLQIDQWLOHV%DUFHORQD(GLWR
VXVSRVLELOLGDGHVGHPDQWHQLPLHQWR\WUDQVIRUPDFLyQ ULDO*HGLVD
$EULUHQWRQFHVODGLVFXVLyQGRFHQWHGHVGHHVSDFLRVTXH GHO5tR)RUWXQD&  ³5HÀH[LRQHVVREUHHOVHQWLGRGHORV
GHUHFKRVVH[XDOHV\UHSURGXFWLYRVHQODOHJLVODFLyQGHOD&LX
SHUPLWDQLQWHUSHODUVXVSURSLDVSUiFWLFDVSDUDGHFRQV
GDGGH%XHQRV$LUHV´(Q
· ¶ ¶ · · Ì ·

Í Î

WUXLUORVVHQWLGRVHQWRUQRDODHGXFDFLyQVH[XDODOOtGRQ
Ö È Å Æ Ä Ê Á × Ø É Æ Ê Æ Ä Ê Á Ö É Å Ò Æ

)DFXOWDGGH&LHQFLDV6RFLDOHV
Ù
· Ì Ì ¶ · Ú · ¶

GHODPLVPDDSDUHFHREMHWLYDGDHQWDQWR³7DE~´R³*HQL
È Ã Æ Ê Á Ç Á É Å É Æ Á Á É Ä Á

'SWRGH$QWURSRORJtD6RFLDO8QLYHUVLGDG1DFLRQDOGHO&HQWUR
WDOLGDG´0LHQWUDVTXHODVROXFLyQUHPLWHDOPRPHQWRDXQD GHOD3URYGH%V$V,QVWGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV$QWURSROyJLFDV
VH[XDOLGDG OLPLWDGD HQ WpUPLQRV GH JHQLWDOLGDG R D OD 2ODYDUUtD
QHFHVLGDGGHVDEHUHVHVSHFt¿FRVHQPDQRVGHFDSDFLWD *ULPEHUJ0  ³,QLFLDFLyQVH[XDOSUiFWLFDVVH[XDOHV\SUH
GRUHVH[WHUQRVODOXFKDSRUQXHYRVVHQWLGRVVLJXHFRQV YHQFLyQDO9,+6LGDHQMyYHQHVGHVHFWRUHVSRSXODUHV8QDQi
OLVLVDQWURSROyJLFRGHJpQHUR´(Q
· ¶ · ¶ · · ½

WLWX\pQGRVHHQQHFHVLGDG À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Û Ã Ü É Å Á Ä Ö É Å Ò

OyJLFRV9RO8QLYHUVLGDG)HGHUDOGH5tR*UDQGHGR6XO
-RGHOHW' >@ ³/DUHSUHVHQWDFLyQ6RFLDOIHQyPHQRV
FRQFHSWR \ WHRUtD´ (Q 6 0RVFRYLFL &RPS 
Ù
· Ì · · ½

Í Î

Ë Ä Ã È Æ

Ù
Ì ¿ Ý · Ì ¿ ¿ Ô · Þ · Ì ß · Ì · · Ì Þ ¶ · ½

Í Î

È Ã Æ × × Ë Á É Ä Æ Ã Á É Å Â Ã Ê Æ Ä È Ã Æ Ë Ä Ã È Æ È Ã Æ Ò

%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV(GLWRULDO
à Ì Ô · Ì ¿

Á Æ Ä Ä È Ã Æ Á Ä

-RGHOHW'  ,PEULFDFLRQHVHQWUHUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLD


OHVHLQWHUYHQFLyQ(Q75RGUtJXH]6DOD]DU\0*DUFtD&XULHO
&RRUG  5HSUHVHQWDFLRQHV VRFLDOHV 7HRUtD H LQYHVWLJDFLyQ
SS *XDGDODMDUD8QLYHUVLGDGGH*XDGDODMDUD
-RGHOHW'  ³(OPRYLPLHQWRGHUHWRUQRDOVXMHWR\HOHQIRTXH
GHODVUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHV´
Ì ¶ Þ ¶ ¶ · ½

á É Ç Õ Å Õ Æ Á Ò Á Ä Á É Å Æ È Ã

QHVVRFLDOHV5HYLVWDHOHFWUyQLFDGHFLHQFLDVVRFLDOHV$xR
1UR7UDGXFFLyQGH&DWKHULQH+pDX\*LOEHUWR*LPpQH]
/DYLJQH/  3ROtWLFDVS~EOLFDV\VH[XDOLGDG$ERUGDMHHW
½

QRJUi¿FR GHO SURFHVR GH FRQVWUXFFLyQ GH OD ³HGXFDFLyQ VH


½

[XDO´ HQ OD &LXGDG GH %XHQRV 5HXQLyQ GH $QWURSRORJtD GHO
0HUFRVXU&RQJUHVR9,,%UDVLO3RUWR$OHJUH$YDQFHVGHLQ
YHVWLJDFLyQHQFXUVR
0RVFRYLFL6 >@ (OSVLFRDQiOLVLVVXLPDJHQ\VXS~
½

%XHQRV$LUHV(GLWRULDO+XHPXO
à Ì ·

à È

0RVFRYLFL6\0DUNRYi,  ³/DSUHVHQWDFLyQGHODVUHSUH


VHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHVGLiORJRFRQ6HUJH0RVFRYLFL´(Q&DVWR
ULQD-$ &RPS 5HSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVRFLDOHV3UREOHPDVWHy
½

%DUFHORQD(GLWRULDO*HGLVD
¶ · Þ · · Ô · Ì

Ã È Ä È É È Ã Ã Á É Å Ä Ã É â Æ É Å Ã Á Ä

0RVFRYLFL6\9LJQDX[*  7KHFRQFHSWRIWKHPDWD(Q6


0RVFRYLFL HG ([SORUDWLRQVLQVRFLDOSV\FKRORJ\SS
1XHYD<RUN8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV
6HLGPDQQ67KRPp6'L,RULR-$]]ROOLQL6  5HÀH[LR
QHVDFHUFDGHODVSUiFWLFDVGRFHQWHVGHVGHODSHUVSHFWLYDGHOD
7HRUtDGHODV5HSUHVHQWDFLRQHV6RFLDOHV
·

À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ á Ê Õ È Æ ã ä Á

YQMXOGH]SS
Ì ¶ · Ô · ¶ å

Ç Õ Å Õ Æ Ç É Å Á Ò É Á Æ

6LUYHQW07  &XOWXUD3RSXODU\SDUWLFLSDFLyQVRFLDO8QD


LQYHVWLJDFLyQHQHOEDUULRGH0DWDGHURV %XHQRV$LUHV %XH
QRV$LUHV0LxR\'iYLODHGLWRUHV
7DU]LEDFKL(  ³/DHGXFDFLyQVH[XDOHQHOLQWHUVWLFLRHQWUH
OR S~EOLFR \ OR SULYDGR´  1UR
µ ·

À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Â Á Ê Æ Ê Á Ä á Ê Õ È Æ Å Ã Â Æ Ä

%XHQRV$LUHV

)HFKDGHUHFHSFLyQGHPDU]RGH
)HFKDGHDFHSWDFLyQGHVHSWLHPEUHGH

232 DE LA PÁGINA 227 A LA 232

You might also like