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23. Find the values of IC , IB , β. Transistor values are α =0.95, IE = 1mA. (May 2015).
IC = α . IE = 0.95 * 1mA= 0.95 mA
β = α /(1-α)= 0.95/(1-0.95)= 19.
IB = IC/ β =0.05/ 19= 0.05 mA
PART-B
1. Explain Half wave rectifier with suitable circuit diagram and derive its efficiency, ripple factor,
TUF and PIV. (Nov 2015) & (May 2016).
2. Explain Bridge rectifier with suitable circuit diagram and derive its efficiency, ripple factor, TUF
and PIV. (May 2016).
3. Explain the mechanism of avalanche breakdown and zener breakdown. (May 2016).
4. With neat diagrams explain how a voltage regulator circuits regulates the output voltage under the
following conditions (May 2013).
(i) Load resistance increases. (ii) Input voltage decreases.
5. Using the two diode analogy explain why the base emitter junction has to be forward biased to
provide collector current. (May 2013).
6. Sketch a common emitter circuit with an NPN transistor. (May 2013) & (May 2016).
7. (i) Explain the avalanche effect that accents for the reverse break down voltage (PIV) of a diode.
(ii) What is the effect on capacitance of a PN junction diode as forward and reverse bias are applied?
8. (i) Explain the amplifying action of a transistor. (May 2013).
(ii) In a CE IB changes from 100µA to 150µA which causes a change in Ic from 5mA to 7.5mA. If VCE
held constant at 10 volt, find βac (hfe). (May 2013).
9. Describe the working of a PN junction diode with neat diagrams. Also explain its V-I
characteristics. (May 2014) ,(May 2015) & (Nov 2015).
10. Explain the working of the CB configuration BJT. Draw its input and output characteristics.
(May 2014) & (May 2015).
Unit – IV DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
PART-A
1. Encode the word DATE in ASCII code.
ANS:D - 100 0100 A - 100 0001 T - 101 0100 E - 100 0101
2. Encode (1236) 10 in Excess – 3 code
ANS (0101 0110 0111 1010) 2
3. Divide 110110 by 101 (Binary)
ANS: 101.1
101 ) 110110
101
111
101
1000
101
100
4. Convert the following decimal numbers to octal (a) 79 (b) 0.925
ANS (a) 8 | 79
8|8–7 = (107) 8
1-0
(b) 0.925 * 8 = 7.400
0.400 * 8 = 3.200
0.200 * 8 = 1.600
= (0.731) 8
5. Convert the following Hexadecimal to Decimal (a) 4C5 (b) 0.9E8
ANS: (a) = 4 * 16 2 + 12 * 16 1 + 5 * 16 0
= (1217) 10
(b) = 9 * 16 –1 + 14 * 16 –2 + 8 * 16 -3
= (1.18164)10
6. Perform the following Arithmetic operation
ANS: 1011.101
101.011 (-)
110.010
7. What are non – weighted Code and Weighted Code?
Non weighted: The Code in which the bit position does not have any specified value.
Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering 3
GE 16251 Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department of EEE 2016-2017
Example: Excess-3 code, Gray code
Weighted code: The code in which each and every bit position has a specified value or weight
Example: 8421, 5211 and 2421
8. Convert (1259) 10 into Hexadecimal
ANS:16 | 1259
16 | 78 – 11
3 – 14
= (3EB) 1
9. Convert (11101) gray to Binary code
ANS: Binary Equivalent = (10110) 2
10. What are the advantages of encoding a decimal number in BCD as compared with straight
numbers?
The advantages of encoding a decimal number in BCD is that there is easier conversion between
decimal and binary system .Moreover arithmetic operations are done in binary numbers in
computers. Therefore encoding a decimal number in BCD is more advantageous.
11. What are Universal Gates? Why are they called so? What are their advantages? ( May
2015 ) &(Nov 2015)
Universal gates are NAND and NOR, they are called so because using these codes any logical
gate or logical expression can be derived.
12. Add the decimals 57 & 68 using 8421 BCD code.
57+ 0101 0111 +
68 0110 1000
1011 1111
Add 6 to both 0110 0110
Groups 1 0010 0101
13. Convert 0.87510 to quandary (Base 5)
Integer Fraction Coefficient
0.875 x 5 = 4 + 0.375 a-1 = 4
0.375 x 5 = 1 + 0.875 a-2 = 1
0.875 x 5 = 4 + 0.375 a-3 = 4
0.375 x 5 = 1 + 0.875 a-2 = 1
Answer: 0.87510 = (0.a-1a-2a-3 a-4)5 = (0.4141)5
14. Add the decimals 67 & 78 using excess3 code
67 + 1001 1010
78 1010 1011
1 0100 0101
15. The arithmetic operation (23+44+14+32)r = 223r is correct in at least one Number system.
Find r.
2r+3+4r+4+r+4+3r+2 = 2r2+2r+3
10r+13 = 2r2+2r+3 ; 2r2 – 8r -10 =0
r = (+864 +80)/4 = 5,-1
Answer: r =5
16. Express the number (25)10 in Gray code.
2 |25__
2 |12_ 1
2 |6_ 0
2 |3_ 0
1 1
The equivalent binary is( 11001)2 . Now the binary number (11001) is converted into Gray code.
(1): The LSB Gray digit is same as LSB binary
(2): Going from left to right add each adjacent pair of binary digit to get the next Gray
code digit .
Discard carries. Therefore the corresponding Gray code for (11001) is 10101
17. What is register in digital system? (May 2016).
Registers are data storage devices that are more sophisticated than latches. A register is a group of
binary cells suitable for holding binary information. A group of cascaded flip flop used to store related
bits of information is known as register.