CHAPTER ONE

Introduction

Background to the Study

The world today is celebrating the improvements in communication

technology which has broadened the scope of communication through

Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Modern Technology in

communication no doubt, has turned the entire world into a “Global village”.

But as it is, technology like two sides of a coin, bring with it both negative and

positive sides. It helps people to be better informed, enlightened, and keeping

abreast with world developments. Technology exposes mankind to a better

way of doing things. Social networking sites include: Twitter, Yahoo

Messenger, Facebook Messenger, Blackberry Messenger (BBM), Whats app

messenger, 2go messenger, Skype, Google talk, Google Messenger, iPhone

and Androids. These networking sites are used by most people to interact with

old and new friends, physical or internet friends ( Asemah and Edegoh, 2012).

The world has been changed rapidly by the evolution of technology; this has

resulted into the use of technology as the best medium to explore the wide

area of knowledge. The evolution of internet technology has led to its use as

the best medium for communication. Whereby, two-third of the world’s internet

population visits social networking or blogging sites, thus serving as a

communication and connection tool. Social networking sites (SNS s) are

online Communities of Internet users who want to communicate with other

users about areas of mutual interest, whether from a personal,business or

academic perspective‖ (William et al, 2009). The millions of social networking

sites have transformed the thought of global village into a reality whereby

billions of people communicate through social networking sites. Numerous

benefits have been obtained through distant communication through the use

of social networking sites.

Social media has exploded as a category of online discourse where

people create content, share it, bookmark it and network at a prodigious rate.

Because of its ease of use, speed and reach, social media is fast changing the

public discourse in society and setting trends and agenda in topics that range

from the environment and politics to technology and the entertainment industry

(Asur and Huberman, 2010). In the last ten years, the online world has changed

dramatically, thanks to the invention of social media, young men and women

now exchange ideas, feelings, personal information, pictures and videos at a

truly astonishing rate. Seventy-three percent of wired American teens now use

social media websites (Oberst, 2010)(Martin,2008), and (Lusk,2010) share the

same concept of social media. To them, social media is the use of Facebook,

blogs, twitter, my space and linked in for the purpose of communication,

sharing photos as well as videos. However for the purpose of this study social

media is captured within the use of internet through Facebook, Whatsapp,

twitter, Skype, Myspace as well as yahoo messenger for communication

sharing of ideas, sharing of photos and videos by users. What started out as a

hobby for some computer literate people has become a social norm and way of

life for people from all over the world (Boyd,2007). Teenagers and young adults

have especially embraced these sites as a way to connect with their peers,

share information, reinvent their personalities, and showcase their social lives

(Boyd, 2007).
 Social networking sites although has been recognized as an important

resource for education today, studies however shows that students use

social networking sites such as Facebook for fun, to kill time, to meet existing

friends or to make new ones (Ellison, Steinfield, and Lampe, 2007). Although

it has been put forward that students spends much time on participating in

social networking activities, with many students blaming the various social

networking sites for their steady decrease in grade point averages (Kimberly,

Jeong and Lee, 2009), it also shows that only few students are aware of the

academic and professional networking opportunities the sites offered.

Statement of the Problem

The main objective of the study entitled “Efficiency of Selected

Students of Paharang Senior High School in Using Social Media” os to

determine how efficient are the selected students of Paharang Senior High

School in expressing themselves in Social Media such as Facebook,

Instagram, and Twitter.

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following question:

1.What are the purpose of ICT students in using social media ?

2.What do students say in social media?

3.In what way students express themselves in social media?

4.What are the effects of social media in the students?

Significance of the Study

 A number of people concerned with Social Media will benefit from the

studying among which particularly the parents, teachers, as well as the

students and other researchers.

The main beneficiaries of the study are the students who are always using

Social Media. It can give them knowledge on how they use Social Media in a

right ways.

For teachers, who are with the students everyday, they have more time to

hep and monitor the students on how they show the proper use of Social Media.

Parents are also involved in the study, because they are the one who will

help their children to manage time and use Social Media properly.

Future researchers may also benefits from the study where in the findings

of the study can be used to substantiate their own research.

Scope and Delimitation

The study focused on the utilization of using Social Media on the students,

parents and teachers. The researchers utilized four (4) students, of

Paharang Senior High School and two (2) parents to answer the research

questionnaire.

This study was limited to the numbers of participants involved to analyze

the results accurately. Its primary concentration is bounded only to Senior High

Students of Paharang Senior High School SY.2018-2019

 Conceptual Framework

Effects of Social
Media to ICT
Students as a
frequent user
Students using
Social Media Brief Interview

Purpose of ICT
Students on using
Social Media

The diagram on the top shows the conceptual framework of the researcher

on their aims on the study. The statement above are the factors to help the

researcher to have result on the study.

Definition of Terms

Social Media - Social media is a computer-based technology that

facilitates the sharing of ideas and information and the building of virtual

networks and communities. By design, social media is internet based and

offers users easy electronic communication of personal information and other

content, such as videos and photos.

Social networking sites - A social networking site is an online platform

that allows users to create a public profile and interact with other users on the

website. Social networking sites usually have a new user input a list of people

with whom they share a connection and then allow the people on the list to

confirm or deny the connection.

 Technology - Technology is a body of knowledge devoted to creating

tools, processing actions and the extracting of materials. The term

‘Technology” is wide, and everyone has their way of understanding its

meaning. We use technology to accomplish various tasks in our daily lives, in

brief; we can describe technology as products and processes used to simplify

our daily lives. We use technology to extend our abilities, making people the

most crucial part of any technological system.

Education - The wealth of knowledge acquired by an individual after

studying particular subject matters or experiencing life lessons that provide an

understanding of something. Education requires instruction of some sort from

an individual or composed literature. The most common forms of education

result from years of schooling that incorporates studies of a variety of subjects.

"Jamie knew the importance of an education, so she chose to go to a four-year

university after graduating from high school."

Internet - The internet is a globally connected network system that uses

TCP/IP to transmit data via various types of media. The internet is a network of

global exchanges – including private, public, business, academic and

government networks – connected by guided, wireless and

fiber-optic technologies

Website - A website is a collection of publicly accessible, interlinked Web

pages that share a single domain name. Websites can be created and

maintained by an individual, group, business or organization to serve a variety

of purposes. Together, all publicly accessible websites constitute the World

Wide Web.
 Online Discourse - discourse community consists of “a class of

communicative events, the members of which;

share some set of communicative purposes which are recognized by the expert

members of the parent discourse community” (Swales, 1990).

CHAPTER TWO

Review of Related Literature

Literary Review
 This study focused on efficiency of selected ICT student of Paharang

Senior High School in using social media. There are two section on this

research that use to the expanded. Efficiency, Social Media Effectiveness.

Efficiency

On this chapter, an extensive review of literature on selected ICT student of

Paharang Senior High School on using social media. An efficiency is provided,

efficiency on using social media is the of the first component of the self concept

to emerge.Its will be seen in the following subsections studies measuring that

technical on efficiency on ICT students.

UNDERSTANDING EFFICIENCY

Normally when you think of something being efficient, you think of getting

a task done in the smallest amount of time or getting something done extremely

quickly. Efficiency in the context of accounting is not always related to how

quickly a job gets done. Efficiency signifies a level of performance that

describes using the least amount of input to achieve the highest amount of

output. Efficiency refers to the use of all inputs in producing any given output,

including personal time and energy. It is a measurable concept that can be

determined using the ratio of useful output to total input. It minimizes the waste

of resources such as physical materials, energy and time while accomplishing

the desired output. Social Media Social media is the collective of online

communications channels dedicated to community-based input, interaction,

content-sharing and collaboration. Social media is becoming an integral part of

life online as social websites and applications proliferate. Most traditional online

media include social components, such as comment fields for users. In

business, social media is used to market products, promote brands, connect to

current customers and foster new business. Benefits of Social Media The

following studies show social media as beneficial for students as they transition

into the realm of higher education. In a study conducted by Hrastinski &

Dennen, they conclude that social media can provide support to learning,

collaboration and community in higher educational contexts (2012). Dabbagh

and Kitsantas suggest using social media to create Personal Learning

Environments (PLE) as a pedagogical approach to integrating formal and

informal learning (2012). These PLEs can serve students by supporting

self-regulated learning at three levels: personal information management,

social interaction and collaboration, and information aggregation and

management.

Social Media Affects the Students

Social media, such as Twitter, Facebook, Snapchat and Instagram, are all

highly used social media platforms. The social media usage of college students

has the potential to affect their grades, social-skills, and time-management

skills, but it could be positive or negative effect. Caylan Harrison, a sophomore

at William Peace University, says she updates her feed every hour or so mostly

when she is bored. “I am just always interested in what everyone else is doing.

It does negatively affect me because I could be spending my time doing other

things to improve my life and academics, but I choose not to,” said Harrison.

Like Harrison, many other students deal with the same problem of staying on

social media. Students often find themselves updating their feed when they

should be working or studying. Chandler Strickland, a sophomore at WPU,

agrees with Harrison about her phone being a distraction. “I really pay too much

attention to my phone. I believe it has negatively affected my life by consuming

my free time when I should be studying,” said Strickland. Although some

students suffer from their social media usage, there is a handful that aren’t

affected at all. In fact, according to Tara Heffner, a psychologist of Rowan

University, social media can be a benefit for college students and their success.

“Using social media to cope with academic frustrations can be a good outlet,

especially if the student is connecting with another student that is having the

same problem,” explained Heffner. “Social media allows students to discuss

class material via social media as well as help them network.” Erienne

Dickman, a sophomore at WPU, claims she manages her time well and does

not let herself get distracted by social media and only uses it to her advantage.

“I use social media to interact with others, to learn what’s going on in the world,

and even for educational purposes, I never waste my time on my phone when I

have other important things to do,” said Dickman. According to a study

conducted by Heffner, students who were able to utilize Twitter for educational

purposes increased their grades and GPAs. 38 percent of the surveyed

students claimed that their GPA decreased, 25 percent declined to answer, and

38 percent said their GPA increased. Although social media is sought to be a

huge distraction for college students, it also helps with their learning and

adjustment to “college life.” Social media opens a whole new technological

world for students, however students choose to adapt to the new “world” is the

ultimate decider of their academic success.(Kelly Harrison)

Social media for Self Expression

We are known as the technologically savvy generation. A generation that

with a tap of a button can connect to each other all over the world. We can

share memories, stories and news with others in what seems like the speed of
light. However, the very platform that allows people to express themselves

through photos, text posts and videos is receiving backlash. It is time for people

to realize that social media, and the people who use it as an outlet are not the

enemy. Not every single person on social media is obsessed with the number

of likes they receive or the amount of compliments they get. Sharing and

communicating is part of the human makeup, and there is absolutely nothing

wrong with wanting to post a selfie or type up a post about how your day went.

With social media, we are able to see the whole world. Social media allows us

to have the world in our hands. We can travel to Paris and drink coffee, hike in

Ireland, surf in California or skydive in London all by experiencing these events

through photos. We can become best friends with famous people by keeping

up to date on their posts. We can attend Cousin Bob’s graduation, Aunt Cathy’s

baby shower or even go to a college class without actually being present.

Research shows that social media improves quality of life. It is so easy to get

lost in a big world, especially as a teenager. With the use of social media,

teenagers have an outlet to express themselves, which is important because

expression is key during the teenage years. The atmosphere of high school has

a tendency to leave many feeling cut off from the world, or even other students.

Of course, with a system so encompassing as social media, the system has

flaws, like people who use their power for false advertising or pay for likes. I

believe that it is not the system that is flawed, but the people using the system.

Social media can be used for good and be very benefitial to others, but certain

people can abuse it.(Riley Wilson)

Social media for Students

 Social Media by Students Social media are online technology platforms that

help to connect people together far and near. It is used to build relationship

among people. The use of social media by students helps to have access to

basic information as quick as possible. In school, the use of online platforms

such as school website will give students the right access to quality information

about the school environment, departments, faculties, rules, and regulations. It

has been observed that social media has a wider and faster means of

circulating information not only to the students of an institution but also to the

generality of the public. Students must use all available online platforms

effectively and they must be conscious of social media positive and negative

effects. They should try as much as possible to create a balance so as not to

get carried away while learning.(Ogujinmi Bolaji)

CHAPTER THREE

Research Methodology

In this chapter ,the researchers discuss the research design,and instrument for

data collection.

3.1 Research Design

 The researchers chose narrative research design because it focused on

the lives of individual as and it best served to answer the question and the

purpose of the study.

3.2 Instrument for Data Collection

The researchers designed an interview schedule as one of the data

collection instrument for this study.The interview questions were aimed to

answer How efficient are the selected students.of Paharang Senior HIgh

School.

3.3 Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers choose their respondents using purposive sampling.

Their respondent are picked according to their age, status, and experience in

life.

Using the validated questionnaire ,the researcher conduct a brief interview

about the studyand gather some facts about our topic.

During the interview the researcher observe the behavior of the respondent

and record their answer some.

The researcher analyse all the gathered data and make interpretation and

conclusion .

3.4 Summary

Enable by ICT social media are instrumental in and shaping and catalyzing

soial change for they allow for wide participation ,continued flow of

communication and speed in a no

.

CHAPTER FOUR

Introduction

This chapter describes the analysis of data followed by a discussion of the

research findings,
 The questionnaire used for the in-depth- interview are formulated by the

researchers with the counsel and verification of the researcher's teacher.11

questions were formulated to help in obtaining data from the respondents that

will eventually lead to the satisfaction of the research question

The researchers selected respondents from Senior High ICT Students in

order to formulate and assess the efficiency of ICT Students in Paharang

Senior High School in using Facebook .The accumulated data are studied and

elaborated by the researchers.With the use of written answers,the researchers

are able to have enough specific data verbatim from the respondents.

Research Findings

Based on the findings of the research, students are able to recognize the

proper use of social media as an effective tool for communication and for

gaining and sharing world has been widely used by students that depend on it.

Almost all of ICT students use social media everyday.But some students

often use social media especially Facebook to have an exchange conversation

with their family and friends and to be updated.Social media become influential

to students as it supplies knowledge and affects students way of thinking and

the way they talk.Many of students depend on the information they get on social

media on doing their school works.

Using social media makes students feel happy and relax as it gives

entertainment to them.Some of G-11 students use social media to avoid

“boredom” and sadness.Many of them satisfied using this web as it helps them

to be conscious and aware on the things happened on their society.Contrary to

this, some says they feel unsafe due to its vastness and security.
 As a user posting is a part of expressing their selves and their emotions on

social media.Students usually shares each others post and notify each other by

the use of social media.

Social media as a part of students lives negatively affects them in the point

that they did not do their household chores because of more hours surfing and

browsing on internet and they claimed it for being an irresponsible user.

But still, students know the ethics on using social media like think before

you click as their mind set when using social media.Students do not share

passwords and know their limitations when it comes to information they put on

their accounts.They know the proper way of using social media as they value

the ethical principle that they always considered when using social media, that

gives me rise to them to be a responsible user of the said web 2.0.

Most of the students use their time on using social media.They claim that

they are not addicted and they do first what is important.Students know their

limitations and they know when to use social media and it is when needed.

Discussion of Research Findings

The information gathered about the purpose of ICT students on using social

media are true.Social media no longer has to be an obstacle to studying, it can

help students create and manage a study community,make the best use of

study time, and find new resources to help them learn and retain

knowledge(Communications Team,2005) , states that social media has been a

big help to students because it does not interfere to their studies.Instead it

bridges a way for a better learning inside and outside the school.Students use

social media as it gives them the capability of reaching people and entertaining

themselves.

Meanwhile,the findings about students in expressing themselves in social

media are also true.With the use of social media, teenagers have an outlet to

express themselves,which is important because expression is key during the

teenage years(Pearce,2015),states that students use social media to express

their feelings and emotions through posting.

And lastly,the data gathered and the findings about the effects of social

media on students satisfies the problem of this study.The data emphasized that

students can be an efficient user of social media.” Students must use all

available online platforms effectively and they must be conscious of social

media positive and negative effects.They should try as much as possible to

create a balance so as not to get carried away from learning as an effective

user (Bolaji,2017), which is stated on our review of related literature that

supports the researchers’ findings that says,students use social media

positively by facilitating online learning,accessing informations,gaining wider

knowledge and by building relationships.

 CHAPTER FIVE

Summary,Conclusion, and Recommendation

This chapter presents the summary of findings or the research work

undertaken,the conclusion drawn and the recommendations made as an

outgrowth of this study.This study is on the Efficiency of Selected ICT students

of Paharang Senior High School on using Social Media.

Summary of the Research

The dominant findings of the study are;

Students use social media for accessing information, gaining wider

knowledge and build relationship. Students also use social media for

expressing their selves through posting. And social media affect the students

positively by helping them on school works and negatively in the way that they

spent too much of their time on using it.

Conclusion

Base on the findings of the study, the following conclusions are drawn;

1. The researchers conclude that students use social media positively by

applying the ethical principle in using social media and they are using it for them

to be updated and be socially connected.

2. The researchers conclude that students use social media effectively on

expressing their emotions and feelings. The researcher also conclude that

students use social media to gather and share information.

3. The researchers conclude that social media affects the students lives in

both good and bad ways. Social media helps students to have an access

online, provide a wider knowledge and helps them to communicate easier. In

other ways, students spent more time on browsing on social media that serves

as a hindrance to do their responsibilities.

Recommendations
 Based on the findings and conclusions presented, the following

recommendations are suggested:

1. The researchers recommend that students should manage their time

properly on using social media so that they can do their responsibilities in

school and home.

2.The researchers recommend that students should recognize all the ethical

principles aside from what they know in using social media and apply them to

be an effective user.

3.The researchers recommend that students should be careful on what they

are posting and sharing on social media.

Curriculum Vitae

Personal information

Name: James Kevin C. Mendoza

Address: Tulo, Pinagpala Batangas City

Contact number: 09462671600

Email: jkmendoza121@gmail.com
Date of birth: November 21, 2001

Place of birth: Batangas City

Citizenship: Filipino

Gender: Male

Family

Mother: Arlene C. Mendoza

Occupation: Saleslady

Father: Emmanuel A. Mendoza

Occupation: None

Education

Parang Cueva Elementary School

Julian A. Pastor Memorial Elementary School

Liponpon Elementary School

Paharang National High School

Personal Information

Name: Charille Christine D. Cinco

Address: San Jose Sico Centro, Batangas City

Cellphone Number: 09092374462

Email; charillechristine123@gmail.com
Date of birth: December 30, 2001

Place of birth: Noveleta, Cavite

Citizenship: Filipino

Gender: Female

Family

Mother: Cecilia De leon

Occupation: Factory Worker

Father: Charlito Cinco

Occupation: None

Education

San Jose Sico Elementary School

Paharang National High School

Personal information

Name: Gemma M. Banaag

Address: Sampaga west, Batangas City

Contact number: 09667521467

Email: Gbanaag06@gmail.com
Date of birth: November 8, 2001

Place of birth: Sampaga west, Batangas city

Citizenship: Filipino

Gender: Female

Family

Mother: Mylene Mendoza

Occupation; Housewife

Father: Jesus Banaag

Occupation: None

Education

Sampaga Elementary School

Managpi Elementary School

Managpi National High School

Paharang National High School

Personal information

Name: Robin F. Macatangay

Address: Tulo Batangas City

Contact number: 09503341598

Email: macatangay1857@gmail.com
Date of birth: February 11, 2002

Place of birth: Tulo Batangas City

Citizenship: Filipino

Gender: Male

Family

Mother: Vonavie F. Macatangay

Occupation: Housewife

Father: Roman F. Macatangay

Occupation: Welder

Education

Tulo 2 Batangas City

Paharang National High School

Dedication

We dedicate this project to God almighty our creator, our source of wisdom,

knowledge, and understanding. He has been the source of our strength and

hope throughout this research.

 We also dedicate this research paper to our parents who supported us and

encourage us all the way and whose encouragement has made sure that we

give it all it take to finish this research,which we have.

And lastly, we dedicate this research to our research adviser, Mrs. Zenaida

Garbin who thought us that the best kind of knowledge to have is that which is

learned to it’s own hardworkships.

Personal Information

Name: Jolina R. Landicho

Address: Sitio Pinagpala Tulo, Batangas City

Cellphone Number: 09292586906

Email: Landicho@gmail.com

Date of Birth: September 7,2001

Place of Birth: Sitio Pinagpala Tulo, Batangas City

Citizenship: Filipino

Gender: Female

Family

Mother: Naty Landicho

Occupation:

Father: Gerardo Landicho

Occupation:

Education

Tulo ‫ ׀‬Elementary School

Paharang National High School

Paharang National High School

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all,we would like to thank God,for without Him this research

can’t be done.

We would also like to express our sincere gratitude to our Practical

Research Adviser Mrs. Zenaida Garbin for the continuous support in our
 study and research,for her patience,motivation,enthusiasm,and immerse

knowledge.Her guidance helped us in all the time of research and writing of

this study.We could not have imagined having a best advisor and mentor

for our research paper.

Besides are Practical Research Teacher,we would like to thank

sincerely our class adviser,Mr. Nilo D. Alo for his kindness and

understanding.Also we would like to extend our gratitude to Mrs. Julerita

Babao who guided us and corrected our errors in this study.

We would also like to thank Ms. Joan Banaag who accepted and

provided food and shelter many times as our place in doing this research

We are also blessed that we as a group, cooperate and work as a team

for simulating discussions,for sleepless nights we were working together

before deadlines, and for all the fun and arguments we had when we are

making our research paper.Also we thank our friends and classmates in II

Aristotle who cheer us up.

Last but not the least,we would like to thank our family,for giving birth to

us at the first place and supporting us spiritually throughout our lives.

Bibliography

https://www.dictionary.com

https://braukaiser.com

https://m.economics.com

https://www.investopedia.com
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https://unesdoc.unesco.org

https://www.researchgate.net

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com

https://www.wikipedia.org
Efficiency of Selected ICT Students of Paharang Senior High in

Using Social Media

Banaag, Gemma M.

Cinco, Charille Christine D.

Landicho, Jolina R.

Macatangay, Robin F.

Mendoza, James Kevin C.

Mrs.Zenaida Garbin

Adviser