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 Class XII Previous Years Question Papers (Mathematics) By OP Gupta (+91- 9650350480)

CBSE 2011 DELHI ANNUAL EXAMINATION

[Solutions With Detailed Explanations]
Max. Marks: 100 Time Allowed: 3 Hours
General Instructions:
Same as given in the previous question paper.

SECTION – A
(Question numbers 01 to 10 carry 1 mark each.)
Q01. State the reason for the relation R in the set {1, 2, 3} given by R  {(1,2),(2,1)} not to be transitive.
Sol. As we know that a relation R in a set A is transitive if ( a , b)  R and (b , c)  R implies
(a,c )  R a,b,c  A . Here it can be observed that (1, 2), (2, 1)  R but (1, 1)  R . Hence the
relation R in the set {1, 2, 3} is not transitive.
i
Q02. For a 2  2 matrix, A  [ aij ] whose elements are given by aij  , write the value of a12 .
j
i 1
Sol. As aij  . So for a12 , put i  1, j  2 to get a12  .
j 2
1
So, the value of a12 is .
2
 5  x x  1
Q03. For what value of x, the matrix   is singular?
 2 4 
 5  x x  1
Sol. Let A    . Since A is singular matrix, which means |A| = 0.
 2 4 
5x x1
  0  4(5  x)  2(x  1)  0  x  3.
2 4
Q04. Evaluate:  sec x(sec x  tan x) dx .
Sol. Let I   sec x(sec x  tan x) dx

  (sec 2 x  sec x tan x) dx

 I  tan x  sec x  k , where k is integral constant.
dx
Q05. Write the value of the integral:  16  x 2
.

dx dx dx 1 x
Sol. I   [By using a  tan 1    k
16  x 2 4  x2
2 2
x 2
a a
1 x
I tan 1    k , where k is integral constant.
4 4
2 5
Q06. Write A–1 for A   .
1 3
2 5
Sol. We have A   .
1 3
1 1  3 5  1  3 5 
 A 1  (adjA)  A 1     A 1   
|A| 2  3  1 5  1 2  65  1 2 
 3 5 
 A 1   .
 1 2 
Q07. For what value of ‘a’ the vectors 2iˆ  3ˆj  4kˆ and aˆi  6 ˆj  8kˆ are collinear?

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 Class XII Previous Years Question Papers (Mathematics) By OP Gupta (+91- 9650350480)
 
Sol. Let a  2iˆ  3 ˆj  4 kˆ , b  aiˆ  6 ˆj  8 kˆ .
   
As for two parallel or collinear vectors a and b , we have a   b , where  is non-zero real constant.
So, 2iˆ  3 ˆj  4 kˆ   ( aiˆ  6 ˆj  8 kˆ )
On equating the coefficients of iˆ , ˆj and k̂ on both the sides, we get: 2   a ,  3  6 , 4  8
3 1
Considering 3  6       .
6 2
 2   a  a  2  (2)  4 .
Hence, the value of a is –4.

Q08. Write the direction cosines of the vector 2iˆ  ˆj  5kˆ .


Sol. Let r  2iˆ  jˆ  5 kˆ .

So, | r |  (2)2  (1)2  ( 5)2  30 .

r 2 ˆ 1 ˆ 5 ˆ
 rˆ     i j k.
|r | 30 30 30
 2 1 5
Hence direction cosines of the vector r are given by  , , .
30 30 30
 1  1 
Q09. Write the value of sin   sin     .
3  2 
  1       
Sol. We have sin   sin 1      sin   sin 1  sin       Range of sin 1 x : [ / 2,  / 2]

3  2  3   6  
      
 sin        sin    1 .
 3  6  2
Q10. Write the intercept cut off by the plane 2 x  y  z  5 on x-axis.
Sol. We have 2 x  y  z  5 .
2 1 1
 x y z1 [On dividing both the sides by 5
5 5 5
x y z
   1
5 / 2 5 5
x y z 5
Comparing it to the intercept form of the plane    1 , we have: a  , b  5, c  5 .
a b c 2
5
So, intercept cut off by the plane on x-axis is: .
2

SECTION – B
(Question numbers 11 to 22 carry 4 marks each.)
Q11. Consider the binary operation * on the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} defined by a * b  min.{ a, b} . Write the
operation table of the operation *.
Sol. The binary operation * on the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} is defined by a * b  min.{ a, b} .
The operation table for the given binary operation * as defined can be written as:

* 1 2 3 4 5
1 1 1 1 1 1
2 1 2 2 2 2
3 1 2 3 3 3
4 1 2 3 4 4
5 1 2 3 4 5

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 Class XII Previous Years Question Papers (Mathematics) By OP Gupta (+91- 9650350480)
Q12. Prove the following:
 1  sin x  1  sin x  x  
cot 1    , x   0, 
 1  sin x  1  sin x  2  4
1  x  1  x  y 
OR Find the value of: tan    tan  .
y xy
 1  sin x  1  sin x 
Sol. LHS: cot 1  
 1  sin x  1  sin x 
 x x x x x x x x
 sin 2  cos 2  2 sin cos  sin 2  cos 2  2 sin cos 
 cot 1  2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 x x x x x x x x
 sin 2  cos 2  2 sin cos  sin 2  cos 2  2 sin cos 
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 2 2 
  cos x  sin x    cos x  sin x  
  2 2  
 2 2  
 cot 1 
2 2 
  x x  x x 
  cos 2  sin 2    cos 2  sin 2  
     
 x x x x
 cos 2  sin 2  cos 2  sin 2    x  x x
 cot 1     0x 0  s.t. cos  sin
 x x x x  4 2 8 2 2
 cos 2  sin 2  cos 2  sin 2 
 
 x x  x x 
  cos 2  sin 2    cos 2  sin 2  
 cot 1     
 x x  x x 
  cos 2  sin 2    cos 2  sin 2  
   
 x
 2 cos 
 cot 1  2  cot 1  cot x 
 
 2 sin x   2 
 2
x
  RHS. [Hence Proved.
2
OR
1  x  1  x  y 
We have tan    tan  
 y xy
 x   x 
 1  1 
x y x y
 tan 1    tan 1    tan 1    tan 1  
y  x  y  x
  1  
 1   (1) 
 y   y 
1 1 1  α  β 
By using tan α  tan β  tan   , we have:
 1  αβ 
x  x 
 tan 1     tan 1    tan 1 (1)
y  y 
x x   
 tan 1    tan 1    tan 1  tan   .
y y  4 4

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 Class XII Previous Years Question Papers (Mathematics) By OP Gupta (+91- 9650350480)

Hence, the value of the given expression is: .
4
a2 ab ac
2
Q13. Using properties of determinants, prove that: ba b bc  4 a2b 2c 2 .
ca cb c 2
 a2 ab ac
2
Sol. LHS: Let   ba b bc
ca cb c 2
a b c
 abc a b c [Taking a, b, c common from R1, R2, R3 respectively
a b c
1 1 1
2 2 2
 a b c 1 1 1 [Taking a, b, c common from C1, C2, C3 respectively
1 1 1
1 1 1
2 2 2
a b c 0 0 2 [Applying R 2  R 2  R1 , R 3  R 3  R 1
0 2 0
 1 1 
 a 2b 2c 2   2  [Expanding along R2
 0 2 

 4a 2 b2c 2  RHS. [Hence Proved.

 
 a sin 2 ( x  1), if x  0
Q14. Find the value of ‘a’ for which the function f defined as f (x)   is
 tan x  sin x
, if x  0
 x3
continuous at x  0 .
Sol. As f is continuous at x  0 so, we have: LHL(at x  0)  RHL (at x  0)  f (0) ...(i)
RHL (at x  0 ):
tan x  sin x
lim f ( x)  lim
x0 x 0 x3
 sin x   1  cos x   1   sin x   1  cos x   1 
 lim      2 
 lim   . lim   2 
x 0
 x   cos x   x  x0  x  x0  cos x   x 
2
 x
 sin 2   1  1 1
 (1) lim 2sec x      2sec 0 (1)2    .
 x  4 4 2
x 0

 2 
 
Also, f (0)  a sin (0  1)  a sin a
2 2
1
By (i), we have: a  .
2
x cos x x2  1
Q15. Differentiate x  2 with respect to x.
x 1
d2 y
OR If x  a(θ  sin θ), y  a(1  cosθ) , find .
dx 2

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 Class XII Previous Years Question Papers (Mathematics) By OP Gupta (+91- 9650350480)

x2  1
Sol. Let y  u  v where u  x x cos x and v  .
x2  1
dy du dv
On differentiating w.r.t. x both sides, we have:   ...(i)
dx dx dx
Now, u  x x cos x
 u  e x cos x log x
On differentiating w.r.t. x both sides,
du d x cos x log x
 (e )
dx dx
d
  e x cos x log x ( x cos x log x)
dx
 d d 
  x x cos x  x cos x (log x)  log x (x cos x)
 dx dx 
 1  d d 
  x x cos x  x cos x    log x  x (cos x)  cos x (x)  
 x  dx dx  
  x x cos x cos x  log x   x sin x  cos x(1) 
du
  x x cos x cos x  log x  cos x  x sin x   …(ii)
dx
x2  1 ( x 2  1)  2 2
And, v  2 v 2
 v  1 2
x 1 x 1 x 1
dv d  2  2
  1 2  0 2 (2 x) [On diff. w.r.t. x both sides
dx dx  x  1 ( x  1)2
dv 4x
  2 …(iii)
dx (x  1)2
So by (i), (ii) and (iii), we have:
dy 4x
 x x cos x cos x  (cos x  x sin x) log x   2 .
dx (x  1)2
OR

We have x  a(θ  sin θ) and y  a(1  cosθ)

Differentiating x and y both with respect to θ both the sides, we have:
dx d dy d

dθ dθ
 a(θ  sin θ) 
dθ dθ
 a(1  cosθ)
dx dy
  a 1  cosθ  …(i)    a sin θ …(ii)
dθ dθ

By (i) and (ii), we have:

dy dy dθ  1 
    a sinθ   
dx dθ dx  a(1  cosθ) 
θ θ
dy 2 sin cos
  2 2   cot θ
dx θ 2
2sin 2
2
On differentiating with respect to x both sides, we get:
d2y  θ d θ  θ   1  dθ
2
   cosec2    .    cosec2   .  
dx   2   dx  2   2   2  dx

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 Class XII Previous Years Question Papers (Mathematics) By OP Gupta (+91- 9650350480)

 
2 2  
d y 1  θ  1  d y 1 θ 1
 2
 cosec 2      2  cosec 2    
dx 2  2  a(1  cosθ)  dx 2a  2   2sin 2  θ  
 2
  
d2 y 1 θ
 2
 cosec 4   .
dx 4a 2
Q16. Sand is pouring from a pipe at the rate of 12cm3/s. The falling sand forms a cone on the ground in
such a way that the height of the cone is always one-sixth of the radius of the base. How fast is the
height of the sand cone increasing when the height is 4cm?
OR Find the points on the curve x 2  y 2  2 x  3 at which the tangents are parallel to x-axis.
Sol. Let the radius and height of the sand-cone be r and h respectively.
1
Given that h  r  r  6h .
6
1
Now, volume V of the cone of is given by V   r 2 h .
3
1
 V   (6 h)2 h  12 h 3
3
dV d
So, on differentiating w.r.t. t both the sides, we have: 
dt dt

12 h 3 
dV dh dh
  12 (3h 2 )  36 h 2
dt dt dt
dh  dV
 12  36 h 2  dt  12 cm /s.
3
dt 
dh 1
 
dt 3 h 2
dh 1 1
When h  4cm , we have:  2
 cm/s.
dt 3 (4) 48
 1 
Hence, when the height of the sand-cone is 4cm, its height is increasing at the rate of   cm/s.
 48 
OR
We have: x 2  y 2  2 x  3 …(i)
Let P( x1 , y1 ) be the required point on the given curve. So, x12  y12  2 x1  3 …(ii)
dy dy 1  x
Differentiating (i) w.r.t. x both sides, we have: 2 x  2 y 20  
dx dx y
dy  1  x1
    mT
dx  at ( x , y ) y1
1 1

1  x1
As the tangents at P( x1 , y1 ) are parallel to x-axis so, mT  0  x1  1 .
y1
By (ii), we have: (1)2  y1 2  2(1)  3  y1   2 .
So, the required points on the given curves at which the tangents are parallel to x-axis are (1, 2) and
(1,–2).
 5x  3  2x
Q17. Evaluate:  dx . OR Evaluate:  2 2
dx .
 x 2  4 x  10  ( x  1)( x  3)
 5x  3
Sol. Let I   dx
2
 x  4 x  10

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 Class XII Previous Years Question Papers (Mathematics) By OP Gupta (+91- 9650350480)
d 2
Let 5 x  3  A ( x  4 x  10)  B  5 x  3  A(2x +4)  B
dx
5
On equating the coefficients of like terms, we have: 2A  5, 4A  B  3 A , B  7 .
2
5
 (2 x  4)  7
5  (2 x  4)  1
 I 2 dx I  dx  7  dx
 x 2  4 x  10 2  x  4 x  10
2 2
 x  4 x  10

2
Put x  4 x  10  t  (2 x  4)dx  dt in first integral, we have:

5  dt  1 5 1
I 
2 t
 7
 x 2  4 x  (2)2  6
dx I 
2
 
2 t  7
 2
dx
  x  2
2
  6
2
 I  5 t  7 log (x  2)   x  2
2
  6 k

 I  5 x 2  4 x  10  7 log ( x  2)  x 2  4 x  10  k , where k is integral constant.

OR
 2x
Let I   2 2
dx
 ( x  1)( x  3)
Put x 2  t  2 xdx  dt , we have:
 dt
I
 (t  1)(t  3)
1 A B
Consider    1  A(t  3)  B(t  1)
(t  1)(t  3) t  1 t  3
1 1
On equating the coefficients of like terms, we get: A  B  0, 3A  B  1  A  ,B .
2 2
  1 / 2 1 / 2  1 1 1 1
 I   dt I  dt   dt
 t  1 t  3  2  t 1 2 t3
1 1
 I  log|t  1|  log| t  3|  k
2 2
1 t 1
 I  log k
2 t3
1 x2  1
 I log 2 k.
2 x 3
Q18. Solve the given differential equation: e x tan y dx  (1  e x )sec 2 y dy  0 .
Sol. We have: e x tan y dx  (1  e x )sec 2 y dy  0
 e x tan y dx  (e x  1)sec 2 y dy
ex sec 2 y
 x dx   dy
e 1 tan y
Put e x  1  t  e x dx  dt in the integral on LHS.
Also, put tan y  u  sec 2 ydy  du in the integral on RHS.
dt du
So, we have:    log| t |  log| u|  log| k |
t u
x
 log| e  1|  log| k tan y | | k tan y |  | e x  1|
 k tan y  (e x  1) , is the required solution of given differential equation.

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dy  
Q19. Solve the differential equation: cos 2 x  y  tan x , 0  x  2  .
dx  
dy
Sol. We have cos 2 x  y  tan x
dx
dy
  (sec 2 x )y  tan x sec 2 x
dx
dy
This is linear diff. eq. of the form  P(x) y  Q( x) where, P( x)  sec 2 x , Q( x)  sec 2 x tan x .
dx
sec2 xdx
Now Integrating Factor, I.F.  e   e
P( x ) dx
 e tan x .
So the solution of the given differential equation is given by:
y(I.F.)   (I.F.) Q( x)dx
 y(etan x )   (etan x )sec2 x tan xdx
Put tan x  t  sec 2 xdx  dt in the integral on RHS, we have:
y(etan x )   et t dt
d 
y(e tan x )  t  et dt    (t) et dt  dt [Applying integral by parts
 dt 
 y(etan x )  tet   1. et dt  y(etan x )  tet  et  k
 y(etan x )  (tan x  1)etan x  k  y  tan x  1  k e  tan x
This is the required solution of given differential equation.
    
Q20. Find a unit vector perpendicular to each of the vectors a  b and a  b , where a  3iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ

and b  ˆi  2 ˆj  2kˆ .
 
Sol. We have a  3iˆ  2 ˆj  2 kˆ and b  iˆ  2 ˆj  2 kˆ .
   
 a  b  3iˆ  2 jˆ  2 kˆ  iˆ  2 ˆj  2 kˆ  4iˆ  4 ˆj and a  b  3iˆ  2 jˆ  2 kˆ  iˆ  2 jˆ  2 kˆ  2iˆ  4 kˆ .
iˆ ˆj kˆ
   
Now, (a  b )  (a  b )  4 4 0  16iˆ  16 jˆ  8 kˆ .
2 0 4
   
 (a  b )  (a  b )  16iˆ  16 jˆ  8 kˆ  (16) 2  (16)2  (8)2  24 .
   
Hence, the unit vector perpendicular to each of the vectors a  b and a  b is given by:
   
(a  b )  (a  b ) 16iˆ  16 ˆj  8 kˆ
      
(a  b )  (a  b ) 24
2 2 1
So, the required unit vector is  iˆ  jˆ  kˆ .
3 3 3
Q21. Find the angle between the following pair of lines:
x  2 y  1 z  3 x  2 2y  8 z  5
  and   . And check whether the lines are parallel or
2 7 3 1 4 4
perpendicular.
x  2 y  1 z  3 x  2 y  1 z  (3)
Sol. We have     
2 7 3 2 7 3

ˆ ˆ ˆ
 b1  2i  7 j  3k .
x  2 2y  8 z  5 x  (2) y  4 z  5
And,     
1 4 4 1 2 4

 b2  iˆ  2 ˆj  4 kˆ .

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 Class XII Previous Years Question Papers (Mathematics) By OP Gupta (+91- 9650350480)
Let θ be the angle between these two lines.
 
b1 . b2 (2iˆ  7 ˆj  3 kˆ ).(iˆ  2 ˆj  4 kˆ )
So, cosθ =    cosθ =
b1 b2 (2)2  (7)2  (3)2 (1)2  (2) 2  (4) 2
2  14  12 
 cosθ = 0  θ = cos 1 (0)  .
62 21 2

So, the angle between the pair of lines is .
2
Also, it is clear that these lines are perpendicular to each other.
1 1
Q22. Probability of solving a specific problem independently by A and B are and respectively. If
2 3
both try to solve the problem independently, find the probability that
(i) the problem is solved, (ii) exactly one of them solves the problem.
1 1
Sol. We have, P(A) = and, P(B) = .
2 3
1 1 1
 P(A  B)  P(A).P(B)    [Since events corresponding to A and B are independent.
2 3 6
(i) Probability that the problem is solved, P(A  B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A  B)
1 1 1 4
=   
2 3 6 6
2
Thus, the probability that the problem is solved, is .
3
(ii) Probability that exactly one of them solves the problem = P(A  B)  P(B  A)
=  P(A)  P(A  B)   P(B)  P(A  B)
1 1  1 1 3 1
=        .
2 6  3 6 6 2
1
Thus, the probability that exactly one of them solves the problem, is .
2

SECTION – C
(Question numbers 23 to 29 carry 6 marks each.)
Q23. A factory makes tennis rackets and cricket bats. A tennis racket takes 1.5 hours of machine time
and 3 hours of craftsman’s time in its making while a cricket bat takes 3 hours of machine time and 1
hour of craftsman’s time. In a day, the factory has the availability of not more than 42 hours of
machine time and 24 hours of craftsman’s time. If the profit on a racket and on a bat is `20 and `10
respectively, find the number of tennis rackets and cricket bats that the factory must manufacture to
earn the maximum profit. Make it as an L.P.P. and solve graphically.
Sol. Let the number of rackets manufactured in the factory
be x.
Also, let the number of bats to be manufactured in the
factory be y.
To maximize, Z = `(20x + 10y)
Subject to the constraints:
1.5 x  3 y  42 i.e., x  2 y  28 …(i)
3x  y  24 …(ii)
and x, y ≥ 0.

Considering the equations corresponding to

the inequations (i) and (ii), we have:

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 Class XII Previous Years Question Papers (Mathematics) By OP Gupta (+91- 9650350480)

x  2 y  28 3 x  y  24
x 0 28 x 0 8
y 14 0 y 24 0

Take the testing points as (0, 0) for (i), we have: (0)  2(0)  28  0  28 , which is true.
Take the testing points as (0, 0) for (ii), we have: 3(0)  (0)  24  0  24 , which is true.
The shaded region as shown in the given figure is the feasible region, which is bounded.
The coordinates of the corner points of the feasible region are A(8, 0), B(4, 12), C(0, 14) and O(0, 0).
So, Value of Z at A(8, 0) = `160
Value of Z at B(4, 12) = `200
Value of Z at C(0, 14) = `140
Value of Z at O(0, 0) = `0
The maximum value of Z is `200 which occurs at x = 4 and y = 12.
Thus, the factory must produce 4 tennis rackets and 12 cricket bats to earn the maximum profit. The
maximum obtained profit earned by the factory by producing these items is `200.
Q24. Suppose 5% of men and 0.25% of women have grey hair. A grey haired person is selected at
random. What is the probability of this person being male? Assume that there are equal number of
males and females.
Sol. Let M, F and G denotes the following events:
M: A male is selected, F: A female is selected, G: A person has grey hair.
1
It is given that the number of males = the number of females. So, P(M) = P(F) = .
2
5
It is also given that, P (G|M) = Probability of grey haired person given that they are male = 5% = .
100
0.25
Similarly, P (G|F) = 0.25% = .
100
When a grey haired person is selected at random, probability that this person is a male = P(M|G)
P(M)P(G|M)
So by using Bayes’ Theorem, we have: P(M|G) 
P(M)P(G|M)  P(F)P(G|F)
1 5

2 100 5
i.e., P(M|G)  
1 5 1 0.25 5.25
  
2 100 2 100
20
 P(M|G)  .
21
Q25. Using integration, find the area of the triangular region whose sides have equations:
y  2 x  1, y  3 x  1 and x  4 .
Sol. Let triangle ABC is formed by the lines y  2 x  1 ,
y  3 x  1 and x  4 as shown in the adjacent figure.
On solving these equations simultaneously, we get:
A(0, 1), B(4, 9) and C(4, 13).

4 4
So, Required area   yACdx   yABdx
0 0
4
   y AC  y AB  dx
0
4 4
i.e.,   (3 x  1)  (2 x  1)  dx   x dx
0 0

1 2 4 1
  x   16  0 
2  0 2 

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 Class XII Previous Years Question Papers (Mathematics) By OP Gupta (+91- 9650350480)
 ar(ABC)  8 square units.
Thus, area of the required triangular region is 8 square units.
 /2  /2
x sin x cos x
Q26. Evaluate:  2sin x cos x tan 1(sin x ) dx . OR Evaluate:  dx .
0 0 sin 4 x  cos 4 x
 /2
1
Sol. Let I   2sin x cos x tan (sin x) dx
0

Put sin x  t  cos xdx  dt .

 
Also, when x  0  t  sin 0  0 . And, when x   t  sin  1.
2 2
1
 I   2t tan 1(t ) dt …(i)
0

d 
Consider  2t tan
1
(t ) dt  tan 1(t ) 2tdt    tan 1 (t )  2tdt  dt  
[Applying integral by parts
 dt 
2 1 t2 2 1 (1  t 2 )  1  1 
  t tan (t )   2
dt   t tan ( t )   2
dt  t 2 tan 1(t )    1  2 
dt
1 t 1t  1t 
  t 2 tan 1(t )  t  tan 1 (t ) .  
1
By (i), we have: I   t 2  1 tan 1 (t)  t 
 
0 
   
  1  1 tan 1 (1)  1   0  1 tan 1 (0)  0    2    1  0
 4 

1. I
2
 /2
x sin x cos x
OR Let I   4 4
dx …(i)
0 sin x  cos x

     
 /2  2  x  sin  2  x  cos  2  x   a a
      dx
I    f ( x) dx   f ( a  x ) dx
    
0 sin 4   x   cos 4   x  0 0

2  2 
 
 /2  2  x  cos x sin x
I   dx …(ii)

0 cos 4 x  sin 4 x
  
 /2  x  2  x  cos x sin x
Adding (i) and (ii), we have: 2I    dx

0 cos x  sin 4 x
4

sin x cos x
  /2 sin x cos x 
 /2
cos 4 x
I  sin 4 4
dx I  dx [Dividing Nr & Dr by cos 4 x
4 0 x  cos x 4 0 sin 4 x  cos 4 x
cos 4 x
  /2 tan x sec 2 x
I  dx
4 0 tan 4 x  1
dt
Put tan 2 x  t  tan x sec 2 xdx 
2
 
Also, when x  0  t  tan 2 0  0 . And, when x   t  tan 2  .
2 2

 1  
 I dt I  tan 1 (t )
8 t 0
2
1 8 0

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    2
 I   tan 1 ()  tan 1(0)    0  I
8 8 2  16
2
 
 I  .
4
Q27. Find the equation of the plane which contains the line of intersection of the planes
 ˆ  4 , r.(2iˆ  ˆj  k) ˆ  5  0 and which is perpendicular to the plane
r .(iˆ  2 ˆj  3k)
 ˆ 8  0.
r .(5iˆ  3ˆj  6k)
 
Sol. We have r .(iˆ  2 ˆj  3kˆ )  4 …(i), r .(2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ )  5  0 …(ii)
The equation of plane passing through the line of intersection of the planes (i) and (ii) is given as:
 r.(iˆ  2 ˆj  3kˆ )  4     r.(2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ )  5   0
   

 r . (2  1)iˆ  (  2) ˆj  (3   )kˆ   5  4  0 …(iii)
 

Since the plane (iii) is perpendicular to the plane r .(5iˆ  3 ˆj  6 kˆ )  8  0 .
7
 5(2  1)  3(  2)  6(3   )  0   .
19
  33 45 ˆ 50 ˆ  41
Substituting the values in (iii), we have: r .  iˆ  j k  0
 19 19 19  19

 r .(33iˆ  45 ˆj  50 kˆ )  41  0 This is the vector equation of plane.

Also, the Cartesian equation of plane can be obtained by replacing r  xiˆ  yjˆ  zkˆ in the vector
equation of plane.
So, Cartesian equation of the plane is: 33x  45 y  50 z  41  0 .
Q28. Show that of all the rectangles inscribed in a given fixed circle, the square has the maximum area.
Sol. Let the length and breadth of rectangle inscribed in a given fixed circle of radius r, be l and b
respectively.
The length of the diagonal passing through the centre is of 2r.
 By applying Pythagoras Theorem, we have: (2r)2  l 2  b 2  b  4r 2  l 2 .
So area of the rectangle, A  lb  A  l 4r 2  l 2  A 2  4r 2l 2  l 4
Consider f (l)  A2 , so f (l)  4 r 2 l2  l 4
Differentiating with respect to l both sides, f (l)  8r 2l  4l 3
Again differentiating with respect to l both sides, f (l)  8 r 2  12l 2
For points of local maxima & minima, f (l)  0
i.e., 8 r 2l  4 l3  0  l  2 r.
 f (l  2 r )  8 r 2  12  2r 2  16r 2  0
So, f (l) is maximum at l  2 r .
Hence, A is also maximum at l  2 r .
Now, b  4r 2  l 2  b  4r 2  2 r 2  2 r .
As l  2 r  b so, the rectangle is a square.
Hence it is proved that of all the rectangles inscribed in a given fixed circle, the square has the
maximum area.
Q29. Using matrices, solve the following system of linear equations:
2 3 10 4 6 5 6 9 20
   4,    1,    2; x , y , z  0 .
x y z x y z x y z
OR Using elementary transformations, find the inverse of the following matrix:
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 1 3 2 
 
 3 0 1  .
 2 1 0 
 
2 3 10
Sol. We have the given system of equations as:    4,
x y z
4 6 5
   1,
x y z
6 9 20
   2.
x y z
 2 3 10   4 1 / x 
     
By using matrix method: let A   4 6 5  , B   1  and, X  1 / y  .
 6 9 20   2   1 / z 

Since AX  B  A 1 (AX) = A 1B [Pre-multiplying by A 1 both sides

 (A 1A)X = A 1B  (I) X = A 1B [  IA = A = AI
 X = A 1B ...(i)
2 3 10
Now, |A|  4 6 5  2(120  45)  3( 80  30)  10(36  36)
6 9 20

 |A|  1200  0  A is non-singular and hence, it is invertible i.e., A 1 exists.

Consider Cij be the cofactors of element aij in matrix A, we have
C11  75, C12  110, C13  72
C 21  150, C 22  100, C 23  0
C 31  75, C 32  30, C 33  24
T
 75 110 72   75 150 75 
   
So, adjA  150 100 0   110 100 30 
 75 30 24   72 0 24 

 75 150 75 
1 1 
 A  1
( adjA)  110 100 30 
|A| 1200 
 72 0 24 

Now by (i), we have X = A1B

 75 150 75   4 
1 
So, X=  110 100 30   1 
1200
 72 0 24   2 

 300  150  150 

1 
 =  440  100  60 
1200
 288  0  48 

600  1 / x  1 / 2 
1 
 = 400   1 / y  = 1 / 3 
1200 
 240   1 / z  1 / 5 

1 1 1 1 1 1
By equality of matrices, we have:  ,  , 
x 2 y 3 z 5
Compiled By: OP Gupta (Electronics & Communications Engineering, INDIRA AWARD WINNER) | M.:+91-9650 350 480 | 13
 Class XII Previous Years Question Papers (Mathematics) By OP Gupta (+91- 9650350480)
 x  2, y  3, z  5 .
Hence, x  2, y  3, z  5 is the required solution.

 1 3 2 
 
OR Let A   3 0 1 
 2 1 0
 
By using elementary row transformations, we have: A  I A
 1 3 2   1 0 0 
   
 3 0 1    0 1 0  A [Applying R2 → R2 + 3R1, R3 → R3 – 2R1
 2 1 0   0 0 1 

1 3 2   1 0 0 
    1
0 9 7    3 1 0  A [Applying R2 →
9
R2
0 5 4   2 0 1 

1 3 2   1 0 0
   
0 1 7 / 9    1 / 3 1 / 9 0  A [Applying R1 → R1 – 3R2, R3 → R3 + 5R2
0 5 4   2 0 1 

1 0 1/ 3   0 1 / 3 0 
   
0 1 7 / 9    1 / 3 1 / 9 0  A [Applying R3 → 9R3
0 0 1 / 9   1 / 3 5 / 9 1 

1 0 1/ 3   0 1 / 3 0 
    1 7
0 1 7 / 9    1 / 3 1 / 9 0  A [Applying R1 → R1 –
3
R3, R2 → R2 + R3
9
0 0 1   3 5 9 

1 0 0   1 2 3 
   
0 1 0    2 4 7  A
0 0 1   3 5 9 

 1 2 3 
 
 I   2 4 7  A
 3 5 9 
 
 I=A A 1

 1 2 3 

1 
So, A   2 4 7 .
 3 5 9 
 
 1 3 2   1 2 3 
   
Hence, the inverse of matrix  3 0 1  is  2 4 7 .
 2 1 0   3 5 9 
   

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I’ve devoted myself for the service of Mathematics.. to help the students in need in all possible ways. It
will be a thing of pleasure for me if my work/collection serves any purpose in your life.
Wish You All The Very Best!
Lots of love and blessings!
- OP Gupta (INDIRA AWARD WINNER, M.:+91-9650 350 480, +91-9718 240 480)
Compiled By: OP Gupta (Electronics & Communications Engineering, INDIRA AWARD WINNER) | M.:+91-9650 350 480 | 14