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v o = 0 km h v = 260 km h to = 0 s t = 29 s
! !
! v − v o 260 km h − 0 km h km h
a= = = +9.0 = +2.5 m 2
t − to 29 s − 0 s s s
Equations of Kinematics for Constant Acceleration
x − xo v − vo
v= a=
t − to t − to
When working in 1-dimension, it is customary to dispense
with the use of boldface symbols overdrawn with arrows for
the displacement, velocity, and acceleration vectors. We will,
however, continue to convey the directions with a plus
or minus sign.
_ x − xo _ v − vo
v= a=
t − to t − to
Equations of Kinematics for Constant Acceleration
xo = 0 to = 0
x − xo x
v= v=
t − to t
True for
constant
acceleration
x = vt = 1
2
(vo + v )t
Equations of Kinematics for Constant Acceleration
v − vo v − vo
a =a= a=
t − to t
at = v − vo
v = vo + at
Equations of Kinematics for Constant Acceleration
1. displacement, x
2. acceleration (constant), a
4. initial velocity, vo
5. elapsed time, t
Equations of Kinematics for Constant Acceleration
v = vo + at
x = 12 ( vo + v) t = 12 ( vo + vo + at ) t
2
x = vot + at 1
2
Equations of Kinematics for Constant Acceleration
= +110 m
Equations of Kinematics for Constant Acceleration
v − vo v − vo
a= t=
t a
x = 12 (vo + v )t = 12 (vo + v )
(v − vo )
a
2 2
v −v o
x=
2a
Equations of Kinematics for Constant Acceleration
2 2
x=
v −v 2
=
( 62 m s) − ( 0 m s)
2
o
= +62 m
2a 2 (31m s )2
Equations of Kinematics for Constant Acceleration
v = vo + at
x= 1
2
(vo + v )t
2 2
v = v + 2axo
2
x = vot + at 1
2
Applications of the Equations of Kinematics
Reasoning Strategy
1. Make a drawing.
3. Write down the values that are given for any of the five
kinematic variables.
v=?
Applications of the Equations of Kinematics
a = -10.0 m/s2
v=?
x a v vo t
+215000 m -10.0 m/s2 ? +3250 m/s
Applications of the Equations of Kinematics
x a v vo t
+215000 m -10.0 m/s2 ? +3250 m/s
2 2
v = v + 2ax
o v = ± v + 2ax2
o
2
v=± (3250 m s) + 2 (−10.0 m s 2
) (215000 m)
= ±2500 m s
Applications of the Equations of Kinematics
Freely Falling Bodies
2 2
g = 9.80 m s or 32.2 ft s
Freely Falling Bodies
2
g = 9.80 m s
Freely Falling Bodies
y a v vo t
? -9.80 m/s2 0 m/s 3.00 s
Freely Falling Bodies
y a v vo t
? -9.80 m/s2 0 m/s 3.00 s
2
y = vot + at 1
2
2
= ( 0 m s) (3.00 s) + 1
2 (−9.80 m s ) (3.00 s)
2
= −44.1 m
Freely Falling Bodies
y a v vo t
? -9.80 m/s2 0 m/s +5.00
m/s
Freely Falling Bodies
y a v vo t
? -9.80 m/s2 0 m/s +5.00
m/s
2 2
2 2 v −v
v = v + 2ay o y= o
2a
2 2
y=
v −v
=
2
( 0 m s) − ( 5.00 m s)
2
o
= 1.28 m
2a 2 (−9.80 m s )
2
Freely Falling Bodies
There are three parts to the motion of the coin. On the way
up, the coin has a vector velocity that is directed upward and
has decreasing magnitude. At the top of its path, the coin
momentarily has zero velocity. On the way down, the coin
has downward-pointing velocity with an increasing magnitude.
x = vot
Δx + 8 m
Slope = = = +4 m s = vo
Δt 2s
Graphical Analysis of Velocity and Acceleration
v = 0 m/s
v = -1 m/s
v = 2 m/s
Graphical Analysis of Velocity and Acceleration
v = vo + at
Δv + 12 m s
Slope = = = +6 m s 2 = a
Δt 2s