Abhishek P – 7A SA Project2 – Maths TIPS

Construction of Angles

AIM: To apply geometry in locating the center of a circle; to draw

a circle around a triangle and to construct a door for a building
applying geometry.
Construction of an Angle of
FIGURE
60° by using Compass
Step of Construction:

(i) Draw a ray OA.

(ii) With O as centre and any
suitable radius draw an arc
above OA cutting it at a point
B.
(iii) With B as centre and the
same radius as before, draw
another arc to cut the previous
arc at C.
(iv) Join OC and produce it to
D. Then ∠AOD = 60°
Construction of an Angle of
FIGURE
30° by using Compass

Step of Construction:

(i) Construction an angle

∠AOD = 60° as shown.
(ii) Draw the bisector OE of
∠AOD. Then, ∠AOD = 30°.

Construction of an Angle of
FIGURE
120° by using Compass

Step of Construction:

(i) Draw a ray OA.

(ii) With O as centre and any
suitable radius draw an arc
cutting OA at B.
(iii) With B as centre and the
same radius cut the arc at C,
then with C as centre and same
radius cut the arc at D. Join
Abhishek P – 7A SA Project2 – Maths TIPS

OD and produce it to E. Then,

∠AOE = 120°.

Construction of an Angle of
FIGURE
90° by using Compass

Step of Construction:

(i) Take any ray OA.

(ii) With O as centre and any
convenient radius, draw an arc
cutting OA at B.
(iii) With B as centre and the
same radius, draw an cutting
the first arc at C.
(iv) With C as centre and the
same radius, cut off an arc
cutting again the first arc at D.
(v) With C and D as centre and
radius of more than half of
CD, draw two arcs cutting
each other at E, join OE. Then,
∠EOA = 90°.

Construction of an Angle of
75° by using Compass FIGURE

Step of Construction:

(i) Take a ray OA.

(ii) With O as centre and any
convenient radius, draw an arc
cutting OA at C.
(iii) With C as centre and the
same radius, draw an cutting
the first arc at M.
(iv) With M as centre and the
same radius, cut off an arc
cutting again the first arc at L.
(v) With L and M as centre
and radius of more than half of
LM, draw two arcs cutting
each other at B, join OB which
is making 90°.
(vi) Now with N and M as
centres again draw two arcs
cutting each other at P.
(vii) Join OP. Then, ∠POA =
75°.
Abhishek P – 7A SA Project2 – Maths TIPS

Construction of an Angle of
105° by using Compass FIGURE

Step of Construction:

(i) After making 90° angle

take L and N as centre and
draw two arcs cutting each
other at S.
(ii) Join SO. Then, ∠SOA =
105°.

Construction of an Angle of
135° by using Compass FIGURE

Step of Construction:

(i) Construct ∠AOD = 90°

(ii) Produce ∠AO to B.
(iii) Draw OE to bisect ∠DOB.
∠DOE = 45° and ∠EOA =
45° + 90° = 135°. Then,
∠EOA = 135°.

Construction of an Angle of
150° by using Compass FIGURE

Step of Construction:

(i) Construct ∠AOC = 120°

(ii) Produce ∠AO to B.
(iii) Draw OD to bisect ∠COB.
Now ∠COD = 30°
Therefore, ∠AOD = 120° +
30° = 150°. Then, ∠AOD =
150°.
Abhishek P – 7A SA Project2 – Maths TIPS

ANALYSIS

Angles can be constructed by adding two angles

To make Combine angles
which share a side. As an example, by first
constructing a 30° angle and then a 45° angle, you
will get a 75° angle. The table below shows some 75° 30° + 45°
angles that can be obtained by adding simpler
ones in various ways. Furthermore, by combining 105° 45° + 60°
three angles many more can be constructed.
120° 30° + 90° or 60° + 60°
Finding: If our measurements are done correctly,
we can construct angles and shapes without the 135° 90° + 45°
use of a protractor.
150° 60° + 90°

OBJECTIVE 2: Drawing various geometric shapes using compass

Constructing an equilateral triangle

Step #1: Take your ruler and a pencil and
construct a segment of any length on a piece
of paper as shown below. Then, set your
compass opening to match the length of
segment AB.
Step #2: Put the needle of your compass at A
and draw an arc. Put the needle of your
compass at B and draw an arc. The two arcs
should meet as shown below:

Step #3: Draw the segments from the two

endpoints to the point where the two arcs
intersect
Abhishek P – 7A SA Project2 – Maths TIPS

How to construct a Pentagon

Steps to follow:
1. Mark a dot on your paper. Place your
compass on the dot, and draw a
perfect circle
2. Using the central dot and a protractor,
divide the circle into 5 points. There
are 360º in a circle, and 360/5 = 72°.
So, you should mark a dot every 72º,
using a protractor.
3. Connect every adjacent point to form
a pentagon.

How to construct a Hexagon

Steps to follow:
1. Draw a circle and mark one point on
it.
2. Keeping the compass spread out the
same amount, place the compass at
the point you marked on the circle.
3. Draw enough of the circle to see
where it crosses the original circle,
and mark the point of intersection.
4. Next, place the compass on this new
point and repeat this process to obtain
a third point.
5. Keep doing this until you have six
points.
6. Connect them to obtain the hexagon.

ACTIVITY
Problem Solving

Solution:
Abhishek P – 7A SA Project2 – Maths TIPS

Construction of Rectangle: Example: Construct a rectangle ABCD in which AB = 6cm and BC =

4.5cm.
Steps of Construction:
1. Draw AB = 6cm
2. At B, construct∠PBA =90° From BP cut
BC = 4.5cm
3. Taking C as the centre, draw an arc of
radius 6cm and taking A as the centre,
draw another arc of the radius 4.5cm to
cut the previous arc at D.
4. Join AD and CD. Thus, ABCD is the
required rectangle.

Construction of Square: Example: Construct the square in which AB=5.5cm

Steps of construction:
Draw AB = 5.5cm.
1. At A, Construct∠PAB = 90°
2. From AP, cut AD = 5.5cm
3. Taking D as a centre, draw an arc of radius 5.5cm
and taking B as centre draw another arc of radius
5.5cm to cut the previous arc at C.
4. Join BC and DC. Thus, ABCD is the required
square.

Construction of a Parallelogram: Example: Construct a parallelogram ABCD in which BC = 5.3 cm,

CD = 4.6 cm and∠C = 60°.
Abhishek P – 7A SA Project2 – Maths TIPS

Steps of Construction:
1. Draw BC = 5.3cm
2. At C, construct∠PCB = 60° and from CP cut CD
= 4.6cm.
3. Taking D as a centre, draw an arc of radius
5.3cm and taking B as centre draw one more arc
of radius 4.6cm to cut the previous arc at the
point.
4. Join AB and AD. Thus, ABCD is the required
parallelogram.

Construction of a Rhombus (an equilateral parallelogram): Example:Construct a rhombus in which

AB = 5.5 cm and∠A =45°
Steps of construction:
1. Draw ab = 5.5cm
2. At A, construct∠PAB = 45°
3. From AP, cut AD =5.5cm
4. Taking D as a centre, draw an arc of radius
5.5 cm and taking B as a centre draw another
arc of radius 5.5cm to cut the previous arc at
the point C.
5. Join BC and DC.

Practical uses of geometry in real life

Robotics, Computer and Video Games - The way that characters move through their virtual
worlds requires geometric calculations. A technique called raycasting is used to simulate a 3-
D world using a 2-D map. This helps speed up processing. The same geometry helps a robot to
see.
Construction of 3D structures - A pyramid is a 3-dimensional geometric shape formed by
connecting all the corners of a polygon to a central apex. The Egyptian pyramids were built on
complex geometrical calculations. The base is a polygon and all lateral faces are triangles. The
United States Department of Defence is a great example of how architecture uses geometry
Star Maps and Space Travel - Geometry is used in calculating the location of galaxies, solar
systems, planets, stars and other moving bodies in space. NASA scientists use geometry to
compute the journey of a vehicle sent to Mars. Geometry can also help find coordinates within
a map.
CAD and Architecture - Before a contractor builds a structure, they must first design the
building’s shape and create blueprints. A computer-aided design software contains the
geometric math to create the visual images on the screen. Geometry being used in : Sydney
Opera House Millennium Dome in London
Abhishek P – 7A SA Project2 – Maths TIPS

Geographic Information Systems - A satellite equipped with a GPS system uses a form of
geometry to locate the position of satellite in the sky and the GPS position on Earth identified
by longitude and latitude.
Bicycle - Racing bikes are made using best geometry to give maximum efficiency.
Robotics Planning - how to grasp a shape with a robot arm, or how to move a large shape
without collision. Geometry being used in : A Korean Robot, D2E.
Geometry in Sports - Geometrical shapes are quite common in sports fields. The rectangular
football field is divided by parallel lines marking the 10 yard increments. A similar field is used
in soccer, basketball games which use a rectangle decorated with circles and arcs that each has
a meaning within the game.
Location of Air Transport - how aircrafts reach the correct destination and management of
air traffic is done by using coordinate geometry.
Latitude and longitude - For the real-world locations, describing the accurate location and
shape of features will require the use of coordinate geometry.
Medical imaging - reconstruct the shape of a tumor from CAT scans uses geometry.
IMPLICATION: Locating things is a geometrical concept. Even a sailor at the sea and a pilot
in the air uses geometrical ideas to locate himself and where he is heading. Designing our
house, school, town planning, roads, bridges, surveying are the products of geometry.
Astronomy, Dynamics, Statics, Spacial movements of Satellites and planets, knowledge of the
sun, stars, milky way and universe are the extended thought of the geometry.
CONCLUSION: Geometry is an interesting area of Math that requires a proper understanding
of the basics. Geometry is the study of the size, shape, and position of 2 dimensional shapes
and 3 dimensional figures. Thus, we find that the geometry plays a very important role in our
day to day life. Many examples related to different geometrical properties of triangles and
circles could be examined. We can do lot of things which are impossible to measure for
example: - Measuring height of tree, height of building etc; build complex shapes and design
new things with the help of geometrical measurements. Hence, I conclude that geometry plays
a crucial role in our daily lives. From our homes to the places we work, designs rule our lives.
Geometry use will never cease to exist, and it will grow further to be used in developing new
innovations and in engineering!!

Bibliography:
www.mathsteacher.com.au/year8/ch10_geomcons/05_angles/const.htm
https://arts.onehowto.com/article/how-to-draw-a-perfect-pentagon-9425.html
http://sierra.nmsu.edu/morandi/CourseMaterials/RulerAndCompass.html
http://www.algebraden.com/construct-135-degree-angle-with-compass.htm
https://sciencing.com/geometry-used-real-life-8698204.html
https://www.kullabs.com/classes/subjects/units/lessons/notes/note-detail/2343
http://www.math-only-math.com/construction-of-angles-by-using-compass.html