NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

14-3 Study Guide and Intervention

Trigonometric Identities
Find Trigonometric Values A trigonometric identity is an equation involving
trigonometric functions that is true for all values for which every expression in the equation
is defined.
sin
cos

Quotient Identities tan
  cot
 
cos
sin

Basic
1 1 1
Trigonometric Reciprocal Identities csc
  sec
  cot
 
sin
cos
tan

Identities
Pythagorean Identities cos2
 sin2
 1 tan2
 1  sec2
cot2
 1  csc2

Example Find the value of cot
if csc

; 180
270.

11
5
cot
 1  csc

2 2 Trigonometric identity

cot2
 1   
11 2
5  11
Substitute  for csc
.
5
121
cot
 1  
2 11
Square .
25 5
96
cot
 
2 Subtract 1 from each side.
25
4
6
cot

 Take the square root of each side.
5
4
6
Since
is in the third quadrant, cot
is positive, Thus cot
 .
5

Exercises

Lesson 14-3
Find the value of each expression.

3

1. tan
, if cot
 4; 180

270
2. csc
, if cos
 ; 0

90

2

3 1
3. cos
, if sin
 ; 0

90
4. sec
, if sin
 ; 0

90

5 3

4 3
5. cos
, if tan
 ; 90

180
6. tan
, if sin
 ; 0

90

3 7

7 6
7. sec
, if cos
 ; 90

180
8. sin
, if cos
 ; 270

360

8 7

12 9
9. cot
, if csc
 ; 90

180
10. sin
, if csc
 ; 270

360

5 4

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 849 Glencoe Algebra 2

 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

14-3 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Trigonometric Identities
Simplify Expressions The simplified form of a trigonometric expression is written as a
numerical value or in terms of a single trigonometric function, if possible. Any of the
trigonometric identities on page 849 can be used to simplify expressions containing
trigonometric functions.

Example 1 Simplify (1  cos2
) sec
cot
 tan
sec
cos2
.

1 cos
sin
1
(1  cos2
) sec
cot
 tan
sec
cos2
 sin2
         cos2

cos
sin
cos
cos

 sin
 sin

 2 sin

Example 2 sec

cot
csc

Simplify    .
1  sin
1  sin

1 cos
1
   
sec
 cot
csc
cos
sin
sin

      
1  sin
1  sin
1  sin
1  sin

1 1
(1  sin
)  (1  sin
)
sin
sin

 
(1  sin
)(1  sin
)
1 1
  1    1
sin
sin

 
1  sin2

2

cos

2

Exercises
Simplify each expression.
tan
 csc
sin
 cot

1.  2. 
sec
sec
 tan

2 2

sin2
 cot
 tan
cos

3.  4. 
cot
 sin
sec
 tan

tan
 cos
csc2
 cot2

5.   cot
 sin
 tan
 csc
6. 
sin
tan
 cos

1  cos2

7. 3 tan
 cot
 4 sin
 csc
 2 cos
 sec
8. 
tan
 sin

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 850 Glencoe Algebra 2