QUESTION BANK

UNIT I - INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

2 marks:

1. Define embedded system with examples and suitable diagram.

2. Classify embedded systems and explain them in detail.
3. Give the difference between a microprocessor and a microcontroller in detail.
4. Differentiate between RISC and CISC architecture.
5. Differentiate between Von- Neumann and Harvard architecture.
6. Describe DSPs in detail.
7. Describe ASSPs in detail.
8. Define the working of clock multiplier and clock divider.
9. Define the working of charge pump in detail.
10. Describe the use of power supply in embedded systems.
11. Describe the use of Clocking Unit supply in embedded systems.
12. Describe the use of RTC in embedded systems.
13. Describe the use of reset circuitry in embedded systems.
14. Describe the use of Memory types in embedded systems.
15. Describe the use of IO ports/ bus and interfaces in embedded systems.
16. Describe the use of Interrupt Handler in embedded systems.
17. Describe the use of DAC in embedded systems.
18. Describe the use of LCD/LED in embedded systems.
19. Describe the use of Keypad in embedded systems.
20. Explain the working of timers and counters with suitable diagram.
21. Explain the working of serial and parallel ports in detail with suitable diagram.
22. Define Assembler, Cross Assembler, Linker, Complier, Cross Compiler and Loader.
23. Define the steps for coding embedded software in machine language.
24. Define the steps for coding embedded software in High level language.
25. Define a device driver.
26. Explain VLSI in detail.
27. Explain Soc in detail.
28. Explain in detail about ARM.
29. What types of hardware parts are typically found in ES? Write in brief.

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30. Define ES. What are the difficulties encountered while writing S/W for ES?
31. What is difference between desktop computer OS & the real time OS of an ES?
32. Mention different applications of ES.
33. Explain how power consumption can be reduced in an ES
34. Differentiate between compiler, interpreter & macro.
35. On what basis ES differ from a computer?
36. Design a global positioning system using design process of embedded system.
37.On what basis ES differ from a computer?

16 marks:

1. Define embedded systems and give their classification. Define the use of processor in the system.
2. Give the usage of several hardware units in the field of embedded systems.
3. Write briefly on software embedded into a system.
4. Write in detail about embedded SOC and VLSI circuit.
5. Write in detail about ARM.
6. Write in detail about DSP processor.
7. Write in detail about Media processor.

UNIT II - DEVICES AND BUSES FOR DEVICES NETWORK

2 marks:

1. Classify IO systems and explain in detail.

2. Explain the working of serial, parallel and bi-directional devices in detail.
3. Explain synchronous systems in detail and explain with respect to usage of clock pulses.
4. Explain asynchronous systems in detail and explain with respect to usage of clock pulses.
5. Explain ten ways in which signals can be synchronized.
6. Explain HDLC in detail.
7. Explain the working of UART in detail.
8. Explain SCI and SPI in detail.
9. Give the features of sophisticated interfacing.
10. Explain the working of timers and counters in detail.
11. Explain the working of Software timers in detail.
12. Write in detail about I2C in detail.
13. Write in detail about CAN in detail.
14. Write in detail about USB in detail.

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15. Write in detail about ISA in detail.
16. Write in detail about PCI and PCI-X in detail.

16 marks:

1. Explain the classification of IO devices.

2. Explain the working of timers and counters in detail.
3. Explain the serial communication using I2C, CAN, USB in detail.
4. Explain the parallel communication using ISA, PCI, PCI-X in detail.
[ also prepare each interfaces for 16 mark.]

UNIT III - PROGRAMMING CONCEPTS AND EMBEDDED PROGRAMMING IN C, C++

2 Marks:

1) Name the C programming elements and explain in detail.

2) What are the 2 ways you can include a file to C.
3) State difference between Macros and Functions, what are the usage criteria?
4) What are recursive functions?
5) What are reentrant functions?
6) What are the pointers and Null pointers?
7) State the usage of function calls.
8) Explain Multiple function calls in cyclic order in Main.
9) Explain Function Queues with example the concept of queuing of functions on Interrupts.
10) Explain First In Provisionally out Queues in detail with example.
11) State difference between Compiler and a Cross- Compiler.
12) Explain the steps of Source Code Optimization of memory needs.
13) State the advantages of ALP.
14) State the advantages of High Level Languages.
15) Compare ALP vs. High Level Language Programming.

16 marks:

1) a . Write in detail on Programming in ALP vs High level Language.

b . Write in detail regarding various Memory Code Optimization techniques.

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2) a. Write in detail about C programming Elements , Macros and Functions.
b. Write in detail regarding
1 ) Use of Pointers , NULL Pointers, Use of Function calls.
2 ) Multiple function calls in cyclic order in Main function pointers.
3 ) Function Queues and Interrupt Service Routines.
3) Write in detail the Memory Code Optimization techniques and explain in detail.

UNIT IV -REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS – PART – 1

2 marks:

1) Differentiate between process and thread.

2) Define Process, Tasks and Threads.
3) Explain the methods on Interrupt Service Handling in RTOS.
4) Write about the RTOS Scheduling schemes in detail.
5) Explain the strategies followed by schedulers.
6) Write about Co-operative Round Robin Scheduling in detail.
7) Write about Cyclic Scheduling with Time Slicing (Rate Monotonic Co-operative Scheduling) in detail.
8) Write about Fixed (Static) Real time scheduling of tasks in detail.
9) Explain Inter Process Communication Details in detail.
10) Explain the problem of shared data by various tasks and routines.
11) What are Semaphores? Explain in detail with types.
12) What is Priority Inversion? Explain in detail.
13) What are P and V Semaphores?
14) Differentiate Binary and Counting Semaphores.
15) How are Semaphores and Mutexes used as Resource Keys?
16) What are Message Queues, Mailboxes and Pipes?
17) What are Virtual (Logical) Sockets?
18) What is Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs)?
19) What are Virtual Devices? Explain with example.

16 marks:

1) Write in detail about several RTOS scheduling algorithms.

2) Write about IPC in detail.

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3) a) Write about Interrupt Service Handling in RTOS.
b) Write about Semaphores with types in detail.
4)Explain state transition diagram of RTOS.
5) What are the rules to decide reentrancy of a function? Explain due to which rule the following function is
not reentrant?
int cErrors;
void vcountErrors(int cNewError)
{
cErrors += cNewError;
}
Can this function be made reentrant by using semaphore? Justify.

6) Where do you need to take & release semaphores in the following code to make the function reentrant?
Static int iValue;
Int iFixValue(int iParam)
{int iTemp;
iTemp = iValue;
iTemp += iParam * 17;
If (iTemp > 4922)
iTemp = iParam;
ivalue = itemp;
iParam = iTemp + 179;
If (iParam < 2000)
return 1;
Else
Return 0;
}
7. Compare message queue, mailbox & pipes.
8. Explain memory management system of multitasking RTOS.
9. Explain state transition diagram of RTOS also explain what a scheduler is & how it manages these
different tasks?
10. Explain the data structure for RTOS & tasks with diagram.
11. Write short notes on following:
i) Storage of variables in C.
ii) Execution flow with semaphores between any two tasks.
iii) Ways to protect shared data.
iv) Gray areas of Reentrancy.
12. Discuss the problems caused by semaphores when not used perfectly by the programmer.
13. Explain how a typical binary semaphore works? Give example.

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14. Is it possible to use semaphores in place of RTOS events services for the same purpose? Justify your
answer by writing pseudo code for given situation by using events & writing the same code by using
semaphores.
16. Define Real Time System. List some RTOSs & explain whether Windows 95/98/2000/NT based systems
can be used for real time operations?
17. Differentiate a desktop computer operating system like DOS & Real time Operating system (RTOS) of
an embedded system.

UNIT V -REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS – PART – 2

2marks:

1) Write the various System Level Functions in MUCOS.

2) Write the various System Level Functions in VxWorks.
3) Write the various Task Service Functions in MUCOS.
4) Write the various Task Service Functions in VxWorks.
5) Write the various Time Delay Functions in MUCOS.
6) Write the various Time Delay Functions in VxWorks.
7) Write the various Memory Allocation Related Functions in MUCOS.
8) Write the various Memory Allocation Related Functions in VxWorks.
9) Write the various Semaphore Related Functions in MUCOS.
10) Write the various Semaphore Related Functions in VxWorks.
11) Write the various System Level Functions in MUCOS.
12) Write the various System Level Functions in VxWorks.
13) Write the various Mailbox Related Functions in MUCOS.
14) Write the various Mailbox Related Functions in VxWorks.
15) Write the various Queue Related Functions in MUCOS.
16) Write the various Queue Related Functions in VxWorks.
17) Write the various Memory Allocation Related Functions in MUCOS.
18) Write the various Memory Allocation Related Functions in VxWorks.
19) Explain the features of MUCOS in detail.
20) Explain the features of VxWorks in detail.

16 marks:

1) Write in detail about MUCOS and it’s features with a suitable example.
2) Write in detail about VxWorks and it’s features with a suitable example.

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3) How will you design a application for Automatic Chocolate Vending Machine in detail. (Write with
design and code.)
4) How will you design a application for sending Application Layer Byte Stream on a TCP/IP Network in
detail. (Write with design and code.)
5) How will you design a application for Adaptive Cruise Control System in Car in detail. (Write with
design and code.)
6) How will you design a application to create a Smart Card in detail. (Write with design and code. )
7) How are the same explained with task synchronization?
8) Explain about the same case study but more stress on the functions for semaphores and the code for it.
9) How does an RTOS semaphore protect data? Explain by giving example.

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