Mth501 Collection of Old Papers

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MTH501 Linear Algebra
Final Term Examination - February 2005
Time Allowed: 150 Minutes
Instructions
Please read the following instructions carefully before attempting any of the
questions:
1. Attempt all questions. Marks are written adjacent to each question.

2. Do not ask any questions about the contents of this examination from
anyone.
a. If you think that there is something wrong with any of the questions,
attempt it to the best of your understanding.
b. If you believe that some essential piece of information is missing,
make an appropriate assumption and use it to solve the problem.
**WARNING: Please note that Virtual University takes serious note of

unfair means. Anyone found involved in cheating will get an `F` grade in
this course.
Total Marks: 65 Total

Questions: 12
Question No. 1 Marks : 2
If {v1, v2, v3,…,vn}be the orthogonal set of vectors then which statement(s) must be true.
I. vi . vj = 0 for all.
v ≠0
II. vi . vi >0 for all i and i .
III. Set{c1v1,c2 v2,c3 v3,…,cnvn}
1 I only.
2 I and II only.
3 II and III only
4 All of the three.

Find a least squares solution of the inconsistent system Ax =b where
⎡4 0⎤ ⎡2 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
A =⎢0 2 ⎥ , b =⎢ 0⎥
⎢⎣1 1 ⎢⎣11⎥⎦
.
Find orthogonal projection of

⎡7 ⎤ ⎡ 4⎤
y=⎢ ⎥ u=⎢ ⎥
⎣6 ⎦ Onto ⎣2⎦ .
If matrix A has zero as an eigenvalue then which statement(s) about A must be true.
I. Matrix A is not invertible.
II. Matrix A will also have an eigenvalue 2.
III. Matrix is diagonalizable.
1 II and III only.

2 I only.
3 II and III only.
4 All three.
2 2
A Linear transformation T:R ÆR is such that
⎡1⎤ ⎡ ⎡ 1⎤
0⎤
T [ e1 ] = ⎢ ⎥ & T [ e2 ] = T⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ −
⎣1⎦ ⎣−1⎦ ⎣ 3⎦ is,
⎡1 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
1 ⎣ ⎦
2
then
⎡ 1⎤
⎢ ⎥
2 ⎣−3⎦
⎡3⎤
⎢ ⎥
3 ⎣5 ⎦
⎡1 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
4 ⎣4 ⎦
Determine whether the subset

⎡ 3 0 − 1⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2 3 1⎥
⎢⎣ −3 4 5 ⎥⎦
?
If so find the corresponding eigenvector.
k k
Show that the signal 2 and (-4) are the solution of the difference equation
yk+2+2yk+1-8yk = 0.
3
Find a basis {u1, u2, u3} for R such that P is the change-of-coordinates matrix from {u1, u2,
u3} to the basis {v1, v2, v3}.
Find the vector x such that we have

⎡5 ⎤
[ xB = ⎢ ⎥
⎣3 ⎦
]
(Coordinate matrix of x with the basis B), where
⎧ ⎡ 3⎤ ⎡ −4 ⎤ ⎫
B = ⎨⎢ ⎥ , ⎢ ⎥ ⎬
⎩⎣−5 ⎦ 6⎦ ⎭ .
⎣
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STUDENTS
FINALTERM EXAMINATION
SPRING 2006 Marks: 60
MTH501 - LINEAR ALGEBRA Time: 120min
StudentID/LoginID:
Student Name:
Center Name/Code:
Exam Date:
Please read the following instructions carefully before attempting any

of the questions:
2. Do not ask any questions about the contents of this examination
from anyone.
a. If you think that there is something wrong with any of the
questions, attempt it to the best of your understanding.
b. If you believe that some essential piece of information is
missing, make an appropriate assumption and use it to solve the
problem.
3. Choose the best possible answer in each Multiple Choice Question.

unfair means. Anyone found involved in cheating will get an `F` grade
in this course.
For Teacher's use only

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total
Marks
Question No: 1 ( Marks: 2 ) - Please choose one
⎡2 7⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣7 2⎦
The characteristics polynomial for the matrix A= is
► λ − 4λ − 45
2
► λ + 4λ − 45
2
► λ + 4λ + 45
2
► λ − 4λ + 45
2
⎡5 7⎤ ⎡2 0⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
−1 4 ⎣2 3⎦ ⎣0 1⎦
Let A=PA
P then what will be
A where A= , D=
► ⎡ 226 − 525⎤
⎢ ⎥
90 − 209
⎣ ⎦
► ⎡ −525 − 226 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
90 − 2 09
⎣ ⎦
► ⎡ 266 − 525⎤
⎢ ⎥
−209 90
⎣ ⎦
► None of the other

⎡.8 .3 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ −.4 1.5⎦
x k +1 x k
The origin of the dynamical system =A for the matrix A= is
► Attractor
► Repellor
► Saddle point
► None of them
The distance between the vectors u=(7,1) and v=(3,2)is
► −17
► 17
► 7
► −7
⎡3 ⎤ ⎡ −1⎤ ⎡3 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ −2⎥ ⎢3 ⎥ ⎢8 ⎥
⎢1 ⎥ ⎢ −3⎥ ⎢7 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
3 4 0
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
The vectors , , are
► Parallel
► Orthogonal
► Not Orthogonal
► Not parallel
Question No: 6 ( Marks: 10 )
Describe the solution of the following system in parametric vector form

x1 + 3 x 2 − 5 x 3
=4
x1 + 4 x 2 − 8 x 3
=7
−3x1 − 7 x 2 + 9 x 3
=-6
Note : In order to get full marks do all necessary steps
⎡ −1⎤ ⎡5 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢−5⎥ ⎢−2 ⎥
⎢⎣10 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣1 ⎥⎦
R u u
1 u 1
n
2
Find the distance of y in to a subspace W= Span{ , } where y= , = ,
⎡1 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢2 ⎥
⎢⎣ −1⎥⎦
u 2
⎡1 0 0⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢1 1 0⎥
⎢1 1 1⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣1 1 1⎦
x x
1 2
Find QR-Factorization of A= It is given that the column of A are the vectors , ,
x 3 x x
1 2 x 3
and orthogonal basis for colA=Span{ , , } are given by
⎡1⎤ ⎡ −3⎤ ⎡0 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢1⎥ ⎢1 ⎥ ⎢ −2 / 3⎥
⎢1⎥ ⎢1 ⎥ ⎢1/ 3 ⎥
⎢1⎥ ⎢1 ⎥ ⎢1/ 3 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
/
v 1 v 2 v 3
= , = , = Also check that QR=A
⎡ −1 2⎤ ⎡4⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢2 − ⎥3 ⎢1 ⎥
⎢⎣−1 3⎥⎦ ⎢⎣2⎥⎦
Find the least square solution of the equation Ax=b where A= , b=

Daigonalize the matrix , if possible

⎡0 0 − 2⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢0 −2 0 ⎥
⎢⎣−2 0 3
⎥⎦
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Page 1 of 2

Final Term Examination - August 2004
Instructions
1. The duration of this examination is 150 minutes.
2. This examination is closed book, closed notes, closed neighbors.
3. There are 12 questions and you have to answer all questions.
4. Do not ask any questions about the contents of this examination from anyone.
5. If you think that there is some mistake in any question then make the best possible
assumption and solve the question.
**WARNING: Please note that Virtual University takes serious note of unfair
means. Anyone found involved in cheating will be awarded grad `F` in this
course.
Total Marks: 60 Total Questions: 12
Find the bases for the row and column spaces of

⎡ 1 -3 4 -2 5 4 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2 -6 9 -1 8 2 ⎥
A=
⎢ 2 -6 9 -1 9 7 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣-1 3 -4 2 -5 -4 ⎦
Suppose that B = {b1, b2} is a basis for V and C = {c1, c2, c3} is a basis for W. Let be a linear
transformation with the property that
T (b1 ) = 3c1 - 2c2 + and T (b2 ) = 4c1 + 7c2 - c3
5c3
Find the matrix M for T relative to B and C.
Use the factorization A=QR to find the least-squares solution of Ax = b.

⎡1 −1⎤ ⎡1 / −1 / 2 ⎤ ⎡ −1⎤
2
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎥ ⎢
1 4 1/2 1/ 2 ⎡2 6
3⎢⎤ ⎥=⎢ ⎥
A= ,b=⎢ ⎥
⎢1 −1⎥ ⎢1 / −1 / 2⎥⎢⎣ 0 ⎥ ⎢5 ⎥
2 5⎦
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣1 4 ⎦ ⎣1 / 2 1/ 2 ⎦ ⎣7 ⎦
k k k
Verify that 1 , (-2) and 3 are linearly independent signals.
Let T: P2 → P3 be the transformation that maps a polynomial p (t) into the polynomial (t + 5) p (t).
2 2 3
Find the matrix for T relative to the bases {1, t, t } and {1, t, t , t }.
Find the inverse of the block diagonal matrix A, where

⎡3 0 0 0 0 ⎤
⎢0 1 1 0 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
A = ⎢0 1 2 0 0 ⎥
⎢0 0 0 3 2⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣0 0 0 2
2⎥⎦
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3
Each of the following equations determines a plane in R . Do the two planes intersect? If so,
describe their intersection.
x1 + 4x2 − 5x3 = 0
2x1 − x2 + 8x3 = 9
Determine if the following matrix is diagonalizable.

⎡5 -8 1 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
A= 0 0 7
⎢ ⎥
0 0 -2
Let
⎡ −7 ⎤ ⎡ −1⎤ ⎡ −9 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
u1 = 1 ,2u = 1 ,y= 1 ,
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ 4 ⎢⎣− ⎢⎣ 6 ⎥⎦
and
⎥⎦
2⎥⎦
W = Span{u1, u2}.
Use the fact that u1 and u2 are orthogonal to compute projwy.
Let
⎡ −1 −5 −7 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
A= 2 5 6
⎢ ⎥
1 3 4
-1
Find the third column of A without computing the other columns.
Let
⎡1 2 −1⎤ ⎡ −2 ⎤ ⎡ −7 ⎤
⎡ −8⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
P = −3 −5 0 , = 2 , = 5 , = 2
⎢ v ⎥ 1v⎢ ⎥ 2 v⎢ ⎥ 3 ⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ 4 6 1 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 3 ⎢⎣ 2 ⎢⎣ 6 ⎥⎦
⎥⎦ ⎥⎦
3
Find a basis {u1, u2, u3} for R such that P is the change-of-coordinates matrix from {u1, u2, u3} to
the basis {v1, v2, v3}.
Let
⎡3 ⎤ ⎡1 ⎤ ⎡ −4 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
−1 −2 1
y=⎢ ⎥, =⎢ ⎥, =⎢ ⎥
v 1 v 2
⎢1 ⎥ ⎢ −1 ⎥ ⎢0⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣13 ⎦ ⎣2 ⎦ ⎣ 3⎦
4
Find the distance from y to the subspace of R spanned by v1 and v2.
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Final Term Examination – Spring 2006
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MTH501 - LINEAR ALGEBRA (Session - 2 ) Time: 150min
StudentID/LoginID:
Student Name:
Center Name/Code:
Exam Date: Saturday, July 21, 2007

of the questions:
from anyone.
problem.
c. Write all steps, missing steps may lead to deduction of marks.
3. Calculator is allowed.

in this course.

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total
Marks
Question 11 12
Marks

In the matrix equation
Ax = b if the order of A is 4 × 3 and of b is 4 × 1 then the order of the
column vector
x
is
► 1× 3
► 3×1
► 3×3
► 4×1
Transpose of row vectors of a 3 × 3 identity matrix
► R4
Span
► are basis for any subspace of dim ≥ 4
► are linearly dependent
► are linearly independent

Determinant of a non-invertible(singular) matrix always
► vanish
► unity
► non zero negative
► non zero positive
Rank of a zero matrix of any order is

► zero
► three
► four
► nine
2
(λ + 1) =
0
Roots of characteristic equation; are of multiplicity
► Zero
► One
► Two
If there are two vectors parallel to x and y − axes respectively then both vectors
► Are orthogonal
► Having their inner product zero
► Can span a subspace while both passing through the origin
► All above statements are equivalent

Which path in the following figure can give the least square distance and its corresponding least
square error from the a line
l
► AA−1 A−1
or any path to the left of
► AA1 A1
or any path to the right of
► AA0 AA0
Unique path for which is orthogonal to line
l
► None of these
⎡ −1 − ⎡ 1 0⎤
2⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎥
⎢ 2 4 ; 2 3
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
−3 6 −10 5
(a)Which of the matrices; have linearly dependent and independent

columns. Give the appropriate reasons in each case.
2
X,Y, A, B,
Z by using block matrix multiplication in the matrix
C
(b)Express in terms of
equation
⎛X O⎞⎛A O⎞ ⎛ I O⎞
⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟= ⎜ ⎟
⎝Y Z ⎠ ⎝B C ⎠ ⎝ O I ⎠ A, B,
where are invertible.
C
3
⎛ S niθ Cosθ Sin2θ ⎞
π
⎜ ⎟ θ ,β =
Sinβ Cos β Sin2 β
⎝ ⎠ 4
(c)Evaluate the determinant of the matrix at
2
⎡ −2 ⎤ ⎡5 ⎤
d1 = ⎢ ⎥ , d 2 =
3⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦6 ⎣ ⎦
D = {d1 , d2 } 2
(a) For ,if the set are the basis for plane R ; and the
⎡1 ⎤
[ xD] = ⎢ ⎥
⎣−4⎦
coordinate vector of
x relative to D is then determine
x = 1d1 + (−4)d 2 R2 . 2
in
⎧⎡a ⎤ ⎫
⎪⎢ ⎥ ⎪
W = ⎨ ⎢−a + b⎥ ; a, b ∈⎬ R
⎪ ⎢ −b ⎥ ⎪
⎩ ⎣ ⎦ ⎭
in R .
3
(b) Find the basis of a subspace
2
(c) Verify rank theorem as given below;
rankA + dim NulA = Number of columns of A
⎛ 3 −2 ⎞
A=⎜ ⎟
⎝ −6 4 ⎠
for the matrix , where
3
rankA = Number of pivot columns in A &
dim NulA = Number of free variables in the solution of equation Ax = 0
A = [ a1 , a2 ] , B = [b1 , b2 ]
(a) If are basis for a vector space
V over the field of complex
numbers;
C and suppose
b1 = −α a1 + β a2 , b2 = γ a1 − θ a2 B to A
then determine the coordinate matrix from
,where
α , β , γ ,θ ∈ C 2
.
(b) “An eigen vector of an

n × n matrix A is a non-zero vector x such that Ax = λ x for some
such scalar is called eigen value.”
⎛3 6 7⎞ ⎡1 ⎤
⎜ ⎟
A = 3 ⎢ 3 ⎥7 ; x =
⎜ −2⎟ ⎢ ⎥
⎜5 6 5⎟ ⎢1 ⎥
⎝ ⎠ ⎣ ⎦
Apply the above proposition for matrices to find eigen value &
2
eigen vector.
(c) For all non-negative integral values,if the matrix equation; Ak = PD k P −1 holds then find the
⎛2 0⎞
P = I 2×2 , D = ⎜ ⎟.
⎝ 0 −2 ⎠
A
3rd exponent of 2×2 where
det ( A − λ I ) = 0
(a) Evaluate the sum and product of roots of equation; for the matrix
⎛ 0 0.1⎞
A=⎜ ⎟
⎝ −0.1 0 ⎠
3
⎡ −1⎤ ⎡ −2 ⎤
u=⎢ ⎥,v=⎢ ⎥.
⎣2 ⎦ ⎣ 3⎦
(u + v ) ⋅ (u − v )
(b) For two vectors Compute .
2
⎡2 ⎤ ⎡ −2 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣−4⎦ ⎣4 ⎦
(c) Find the distance between vectors and .
2
v1 v2
(a) If the vectors and in an inner product space are orthogonal then show that
2 2 2
v1 + v2 = v1 + v2 2
.
2 2 2
(b) Disprove the Pythagorean theorem; u+ = u + for the vectors

⎡1 ⎤ ⎡ −5⎤
u=⎢ ⎥,v=⎢ ⎥
v v
⎣0 ⎦ ⎣2 ⎦
.
Also give the reason for this disproof.
3
C [ a, [ a, b]
(c)If an inner product space in the set of all continuous functions in the interval ;is
b
b]
f , g = ∫ f (t ).g (t ) 3
t,
t
dt
defined by , then determine the inner product for
a
f (t ) = t, g (t ) =
3
t [ −2, −1] 2
in .
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MTH501 - LINEAR ALGEBRA (Session - 5 ) Time: 180min
StudentID/LoginID:
Student Name:
Center Name/Code:
Exam Date: Tuesday, July 03, 2007

of the questions:
from anyone.
problem.
c. Write all steps, missing steps may lead to deduction of marks.
3. Calculator is allowed.

in this course.

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total
Marks
Question 11 12
Marks
0x+0y =5
Linear equation has
► Infinite many solutions
► Empty solution
► Unique, non-trivial solution
► Unique, trivial solution

⎡ x1 + x2
⎡x ⎤
⎤
⎢ ⎥
T⎢ ⎥ =
1
⎢ x ⎥
⎣ x2 ⎦ ⎢
1
⎣⎥−⎦2
x
is an example of transformation from
► R3 → R 2
► R → R
2 3
► R2 → R2
{0}
Dimension of zero vector space is
►
Not defined
► One
► Zero
► Arbitrary
⎛1 2⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝2 4 ⎠
As the rank of a matrix is number of its pivot columns then the rank of is
►
4
► 2
► 1
► Inconclusive
If there exists a matrix for which characteristic equation is λ 3 = 1then the roots of the equation
are
► −1 ± −3
1,
2
► 1
► ±1
► ϕ = {}
⎡1 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 2⎦
x2 −
Distance between the vector and its reflection about axis is
► Zero
► 4
► 2
► 2
Vector
u is not an eigen vector of a matrix A if
► There exists λ such that Au = λ u
► There does not exist λ such that Au = λ u
► Au = 0
► ⎡1⎤
Au = ⎢ ⎥
⎣1⎦
⎡ Sinx ⎤ ⎡ −Cosx ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ,⎢ ⎥
⎣ −Cosx⎦ ⎣ Sinx⎦
x in the interval
[0, π ]
(a) For vectors locate the values of for which
both vectors are linearly dependant.
2
(b) Using the properties of determinants; prove that
Tan 2α Sec 2α θ
Tan 2 β Sec 2 β θ = 0
Tan 2γ Sec 2γ θ
3
H = Span {v1 , v2 } V (R)
(c) If be a subspace of a vector space over the field of real
( c1v1 + c2v2 ) ∈H c 1, c 2 ∈ C
numbers.Then justify whether linear combination ,where (Set of
2
complex numbers)
⎧ ⎡1 ⎤ ⎡3 ⎤ ⎡ −3⎤ ⎫
⎪⎢ ⎥ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎪
0 , , −5
⎢
2
⎨⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎬
⎪ −2 −4 ⎢⎣1 ⎪
⎩ ⎭
3
(a) Determine whether the set form the basis for R or not.
3
⎧⎡4 x ⎤ ⎫
⎪⎢ ⎥
W = −3x⎪ ; x, y ∈
⎨ ⎢ R⎥ ⎬
⎪ −y ⎪
⎩ ⎭
(b) Find the dimension of subspace

2
U = { u1 , u 2 , V = {v1 , v2 , v3 }
u3 }
(c) Let and be a bases for a vector space X and suppose
v1 = 2u1 − u2 + u3 , = 3u + v3 = −3u +
2 and 1 then find the change of coordinate
v2
u3 2u3
matrix from
V to U .
2
(a) Find the sum and product of the roots of characteristic equation for the matrix
⎛ 7 −2 ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝2 3⎠
A= 3
⎛5 1⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝ 0 5⎠
(b) Discuss the diagonalization of the matrix provided that
5 be its only eigen value of
⎡ λ1 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣λ2 ⎦
2. 2 x2 −
multiplicity (c)Find the projection of vector onto axis under the
⎡ x1 ⎤ ⎡ x1 ⎤ ⎛ 0 0 ⎞ ⎡ x1 ⎤
T ⎢ ⎥ = ⎢A ⎥ ⎜ = ⎟ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ x2 ⎦ ⎣ x2 ⎦ ⎝ 0 1 ⎠ ⎣ x2 ⎦
2 2 λ1 , λ2
transformation T : R → R given by ; where are
⎛1 0⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝0 0 ⎠
2
the roots of the characteristic equation λ −λ = 0 of matrix .
2
⎛ 0 0.7 ⎞
A= ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 0.7 0 ⎠
det ( A − xI2×2) = 0 2
(a) For the matrix , solve the equation .
⎡x⎤
⎡ −2 ⎤
⎢⎢ ⎥ ⎥,
⎣ y−3
⎦ ⎣
⎦
x, y
(b)Find the value of for which the vectors are orthogonal. Also identify the
free variable implies from the condition of orthogonality.
3
⎡a ⎤ ⎡ −a

⎤
⎡1 3⎤ ⎡5 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
A = ⎢ 1 − ⎥1 , b ⎢= ⎥1
⎡1⎤
⎢⎣1 1 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣0 ⎥⎦ xˆ = ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦1
(a) For the matrices if is the least square solution of the
b − Axˆ
inconsistent system Ax = b then find the least square error of the solution.
4
(b) Average value of the
f (t ), g (t ) [ a, b]
product of functions on the interval can be given by defining the inner product
b
1
f,g = ∫ f (t ).g (t )
(b − a ) dt ; ∀ f , g ∈ C [ a,
space
V as a
,then find the average value
(Sint.Cost )
b]
[0, π ]
of the product in the interval
3
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Mid Term Examination - November 2004
Instructions
Please read the following instructions carefully before attempting any of the
questions:

2. Do not ask any questions about the contents of this examination from
anyone.
a. If you think that there is something wrong with any of the questions,
attempt it to the best of your understanding.
b. If you believe that some essential piece of information is missing,
make an appropriate assumption and use it to solve the problem.

this course.
Total Marks: 45 Total

Questions: 11
Consider the system of Linear equations

x1 + 4x2 − 5x3 =
0
2x1 − x2 + 8x3 =
9
x1 + x2 − 8x3 =
2
Then determinant of the Matrix of Coefficients of the above system is
(a) 91
(b) 123
(c) 141
(d) 81
⎡1 2 x + y⎤ ⎡1 − x−5y⎤
2
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
A =⎢ 2 3 4 ⎥ and B =⎢ 2 1 1 ⎥
Consider the matrix 2 3 x− ⎢⎣0 2 3x such that
⎡ 2 0 20
⎤ y
⎢ ⎥
A+B= 4 4 5
⎢ ⎥
2 5 12
Then the values of x and y are
(a) x = - 2 and y = 4
(b) x = 2 and y = - 6
(c) x = 0 and y = 0
(d) x = 2 and y = -4
Which statement about the set S is false where S = {(1, 1, 3), (2, 3, 7),(2, 2, 6)}
(a) The set S contain an element which is solution of the equation 5x – y- z = 0

(b) The Set S is linearly independent.
(c) The set S contain two elements which are multiple of each other.
(d) The Set S is linearly dependent.
⎡1 ⎤ ⎡5 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎡6 ⎤
T 5 =⎢ T 25⎥
⎢
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
Consider a linear transformation T such that ⎥ 9 =
⎣ ⎦
⎢3⎥
⎣ Then ⎢⎣1
5 ⎥⎦
⎡9 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
(a) ⎣18⎦
⎡1 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢0 ⎥
⎢⎣5 ⎥⎦
(b)
⎡30 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
(c) ⎣45⎦
⎡12 ⎤
(d)
⎢ ⎥ ⎣ ⎦
9
2
How many subspaces R have?
2
(a) only two: {0} and R
2
(b) Only four: {0} x- axis and y -axis and R
(c) Infinitely many.
(d) None of the above.
An oil refinery produces low-sulfur and high-sulfur fuel. Each ton of low-sulfur
requires 5 minutes in the blending plant and 4 minutes in the refining plant; each
ton of high sulfur fuel requires 4 minutes in the blending plant and 2 minutes in
the refining plant. If the blending plant is available for 3 hours and the refining
plant is available for 2 hours, how many tons of each type of fuel should be
manufactured so that the plants are fully utilized?
Solution:
The data given in the question can be formed into system of linear equations
as
Low-sulfur High-sulfur
Blending plant 5 4
Refining Plant 4 2
As we are given in the question that we have blending plant and refining plant
available for 3 and 2 hours respectively. Let x tons of low-sulfur and y tons of
high sulfur be the amount should be manufactured so that plants are fully utilized.
Then from the above data we must have the system,
5x + 4y = 180
4x + 2y = 120
Augmented matrix for the above system
⎡5 4 180 ⎤ ⎡1 2 60 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ∼⎢ ⎥ by R1 − R2
⎣ 4 2 120⎦ ⎣ 4 2 120⎦
⎡1 2 60 ⎤
∼
⎢ ⎥
0 − 6 −120
is
⎣ ⎦
So we have x + 2y = 60 and -6y = - 120, thus we have y= 20 tons and x = 20tons
are the required manufactured tons of each low-sulfur and high-sulfur so that we
can utilize both plants for the given time.
⎡3 1 2
⎤
Consider the matrix A = ⎢⎢ 4 1 1 ⎥⎥then find the entry a33 of the matrix A without
2
⎢⎣7 0
2 ⎥⎦
2
calculating the matrix A .
Solution:
⎡− − − − ⎤ ⎡− − 2⎤ ⎡ − − − − ⎤ ⎡ − − − −− ⎤
2 ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
Re quired entry a33 of A = − − − − −⎥ ⎢ − − 1 marks : 3 = − − − − = − − − −
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ 7 0 2 − − 2 ⎢⎣14 + 0 + 4 18

⎡3 1 2 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
A= 4 1 1
⎢ ⎥
Find LU decomposition for the matrix ⎢⎣7 0 2⎥⎦ .
Solution:
U L
⎡ =2 ⎤
=1
⎢1 3 3⎥ ⎡3 0 0⎤
⎢ ⎥ 1= ⎢ ⎥
* * 0
⎢4 1 1 ⎥ multiplier ⎢ ⎥
⎢7 0 2 ⎥ 3
⎢⎣* * *
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ =2 ⎤
=1
⎢1 3 3⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎡3 0 0⎤
⎢0 − 1 − =5 ⎥ − 4R , − 7R * 0
⎥
⎢
R 2 R 3 4 1⎢ ⎥
⎢ 3 3⎥
1
⎢ ⎥ ⎢⎣7 * *
⎢0 7 8
− − ⎥
⎣⎢ 3 3
⎥⎦ ⎡3 0 0⎤
⎡ 1 2⎤
⎢1 3 3⎥
1
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢0 1 5 ⎥ multiplier − 3 ⎢ 4 − 0⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ 3 ⎥
7 8 ⎢7
⎢0 − − ⎥ * * ⎥
⎣ ⎥ ⎦
⎣ 3 3⎦
⎡ ⎤
⎡ ⎤
1 2
1 ⎢3 0 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
3 3 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ 7 1
⎢0 1 5⎥ R2 + R2 ⎢ 4 − 0⎥
⎢
3 3
⎢0 0 9⎥ ⎢ ⎥
7
⎢ ⎥ ⎢7 − *⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎣ 3 ⎦
⎡ ⎤
⎡ ⎤
1 2
1 ⎢3 0 0⎥
⎢ ⎥
3 3 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ 1 1
⎢0 1 5 ⎥ multiplier − ⎢ 4 − 0⎥
⎢0 0 1⎥ 9⎢ 3 ⎥
⎢ 7 ⎥
⎢
⎥ ⎢7 − 9⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎣ 3 ⎦ .
The required LU factorization is

⎡ ⎤ 1 2⎤
⎢3 0 0⎥ ⎡
⎢ ⎥ ⎢1 3 3⎥
1 ⎢ ⎥
L = ⎢4 − 0 ⎥ U = ⎢0 1 5⎥
⎢ 3 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢0 0 1⎥
⎢7 7 ⎢ ⎥
− 9⎥ ⎣ ⎦
⎣ 3 ⎦
⎡ 4⎤ ⎡ 1⎤ ⎡ 1⎤ ⎡ 1⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
v⎢ = ⎥ u = 2 , = 4 and = −3
−9⎢ ⎥ 1 ⎢ u⎥ 2 u ⎢ ⎥ 3 ⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ ⎢⎣ −1⎥ ⎢⎣ ⎢⎣ 2 ⎥⎦
Write 2 ⎥⎦ as linear combination of 2 ⎥ . (That is
⎦ ⎦
you have to find out the constants such that v = c1u1 + c2u2 + c3u3)
Solution:
We will try to find out the constants such that we can write v = c1u1 + c2u2 + c3u3 and
we get the augmented matrix of the system of linear equations correspond to that
linear combination as
⎡ 1 1 1 4⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2 4 − 3 − 9⎥
⎢⎣−1 2 2 2⎥⎦ And echelon form of that matrix
⎡1 1 1 4⎤
⎢ ⎥
0 1 1 2 ⇒ x3 = 3, 2x = −1,1 x = 2
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 00 1 3
is ⎣

⎡ x1 ⎤ ⎡1 0 1 ⎤ ⎡ x1 ⎤
M ⎢ x2⎥ = 0 1 1⎥ ⎢ x⎥2
⎢
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥
3
Show that the mapping M: R3Æ R defined by x3 ⎢⎣1 0 x3 ⎥⎦
is a linear
1⎥⎦
transformation. Also write the matrix of that linear transformation.
Solution:
We will prove that the mapping satisfies the conditions,

(i) M(u + v) = M(u) + M(v) (ii) M(cu)
⎡ a + d ⎤ ⎡1 0 1 ⎤ ⎡a + d ⎤ ⎡1 0 1 ⎤ ⎧⎡ a ⎤ ⎡d⎤⎫
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎪⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎪
M b+e = 0 1 1 b +⎨e = 0 1 1 b + e
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢
⎪ ⎪
(i) ⎣⎢ c + ⎢⎣1 0 1 ⎣⎢ c + f ⎦⎥ ⎢⎣10 1 f ⎭
Now as we know that
f ⎩ c
matrices are distributed over addition that is if A, B and C are matrices then A (B + C) =
AB + BC, so we can write,
⎡ a + d ⎤ ⎡1 0 1 ⎤ ⎧ ⎡ a ⎤ ⎡1 0 1 ⎤ ⎡ a ⎤ ⎡1 0 1 ⎤ ⎡ d ⎤
⎡d ⎤ ⎫
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎪⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎪ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥ ⎢
M b + e = 0 ⎥ ⎢1 ⎥ 1 b + e = 0 1 1 b + 0 1
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ 1 e⎥ ⎨ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥
⎥ ⎬
⎪ c ⎥ f ⎪ ⎢ 1 0 1 c
⎣f ⎢c + ⎣⎢1 0 1 ⎦ ⎣ ⎢⎣1 0 1⎥⎦ ⎢ f ⎥
⎣ ⎦ also by
⎩ ⎭
⎡ a ⎤ ⎡1 0 1 ⎤ ⎡ a ⎤ ⎡ d ⎤ ⎡1 0 1 ⎤ ⎡ d ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥
M b = 0 1 1 b and M e = 0 1 1 e
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎢
definition we have ⎣⎢ ⎣⎢1 0 1 c f ⎢⎣1 0 1 f ⎥⎦ . Hence we
have,
c
⎡a + d ⎤ ⎡a ⎤ ⎡d ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
M ⎢b + e⎥ = M⎢ b⎥ + ⎢M ⎥e
⎢⎣c + ⎢⎣ f ⎥⎦
.
f c
⎡cd ⎤ ⎡1 0 1 ⎤ ⎡ cd ⎤ ⎡1 0 1 ⎤ ⎡ d ⎤ ⎡1 0 1 ⎤ ⎡ cd ⎤
⎧ ⎫
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥⎪ ⎢ ⎥⎪ ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥
M ⎢ce ⎥ =⎢ 0 1 1⎥ ⎢ ce⎥ =⎢ 0 1 1⎥ ⎨c⎢ e ⎥ =⎢ c 0 1⎥ ⎢ 1 ⎥ ce
⎬
⎣⎢cf ⎢⎣1 0 1 ⎢⎣cf ⎥⎦ ⎪ ⎣⎢1 0 1 ⎪ ⎢⎣1 0 1 cf
f ⎩ ⎭
As we have A(cB) = cAB where c is a real number.
⎡cd ⎤ ⎡d ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
M ⎢ce ⎥ = cM⎢ e ⎥
(ii) ⎢⎣cf f
⎡1 0 1 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
0 1 1
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 1 0 1⎥⎦
Hence M is a linear transformation and matrix of transformation is ⎣
0
Solve the system 3x + y = 12 by using Jacobi’s Method starting x = (0, 0, 0) and
only three iterations.
2x – 4y = -6
Solution:
Iteration 1
( 12/3 , 3/2)
iteration 2
( 3.5 , 3.5)
iteration 3
( 2.833, 3.25)
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MIDTERM EXAMINATION(Solution File)
Total Marks:40
SEMESTER SPRING 2004
MTH501- Linear Algebra Duration: 90min
Instructions
1. The duration of this examination is 90 minutes.
2. This examination is closed book, closed notes, closed neighbors.
3. Answer all questions.
4. Do not ask any questions about the contents of this examination from anyone.
5. All the questions are descriptive in that paper, you can't answer yes or no only and if in certain questions your
answer is yes or no then you have to justify your answer.
6. There is no mistake in the question paper and if you feel that there is something wrong with the question then
made the best assumptions which you think and then give the answer.
Question No: 1 Marks: 5
⎡1 4 −2⎤
Determine the value(s) of h such that the matrix ⎢ ⎥ is augmented matrix of a consistent system.
⎣3 h −6 ⎦
Solution:
⎡1 4 −2 ⎤ ⎡1 4 −2 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ∼⎢ ⎥ By R2 − 3R1
⎣3 h −6⎦ ⎣ 0 −12 + h 0 ⎦
It implies, x1 + 4 x2 = -2
(-12 + h) x2 = 0
Therefore, the above system of equations is consistent for all h.
⎡8 ⎤ ⎡4 3 5 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ 3
Let u = ⎢ 2 ⎥ and A =⎢ 0 1 −1⎥ . Is u in the subset of R spanned by the columns of A? Why or why not?
⎢⎣3⎥⎦ ⎢⎣1 2 0 ⎥⎦
Solution:
Consider u = a1 c1 + a2 c2 + a3 c3
Where a1, a2 and a3 are any scalars.
It implies that
⎡ 8 ⎤ ⎡ 4a1 + 3a 2 + 5a 3
⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2 ⎥ =⎢ a2 −3a ⎥
⎢⎣ 3⎥⎦
⎢⎣ a + 2a
1 2
⎥⎦
⇒ 4a1 + 3a 2 + 5a 3 = 8
a 2 − a3 = 2 (1)
a1 + 2a 2 =3
4 3 5
Now 0 1 −1 = 4(0 + 2) − 0 + 1(−3 − 5) = 8 − 8 = 0
Assume that T is a linear transformation. Find the standard matrix of T.

T: R2 → R4, T(e1) = (1, 2, 0, 5) and T(e2) = (3, -6, 1, 0), where e1 and e2 are the columns of 2 x 2 identity matrix.
Solution:
The standard matrix is:

⎡1 3 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
2 −6
A = [ T(e1 ) T(e2 ) ] = ⎢ ⎥
⎢0 1 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
5 0
⎣ ⎦
Find the entries in the second row of AB, where

⎡ 2 −5 0 ⎤
⎢ −1 3 −4⎥ ⎡4 −6 ⎤
A=⎢ ⎥ , B = ⎢7 1 ⎥
⎢ 6 −8 −7 ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣3 2 ⎦
⎣ −3 0 9 ⎦
Solution:
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⎡ ⎤
⎡ 2 −5 0 ⎤ ⎢ ⎡ * * ⎤ ⎡* *⎤
⎢ ⎥ ↓ ⎥ ↓ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
→ ⎢ −1 3 −4⎥ ⎢ −4 + 2 1 − 12 6 + 3 − 8⎥ ⎢5 1⎥
⎢ 4 −6⎥ =⎢ =
⎢ 6 −8 −7 ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ * * ⎥ ⎢* * ⎥
⎢ ⎥⎢7 1⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣−3 0 9 ⎦ ⎢⎣3 2 ⎥⎦ ⎣ * * ⎦ ⎣* * ⎦
Solve the equation Ax = b by using the LU factorization given for A.

⎡4 3 −5⎤ ⎡ 2⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
A = ⎢ −4 −5 7 ⎥ ,b =⎢ −4⎥
⎢⎣ 8 6 −8⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 6 ⎥⎦
⎡1 0 0⎤ ⎡4 3 −5⎤
⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥
A = ⎢ −1 1 0 ⎥ ⎢ 0 −2 2 ⎥
⎢⎣ 2 0 1⎥⎦ ⎢⎣0 0 2 ⎥⎦
Solution:
Consider
⎧Ly = b
⎨
⎩ Ux = y
⎡ 1 0 0 ⎤ ⎡ y1 ⎤ ⎡2 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
Ly = b ⇒ ⎢⎢ −1 1 0 ⎥⎥ ⎢ y2 ⎥ ⎢= ⎥−4 ⇒ 1
y = 22, y = −2,
3
y =2
⎢⎣ 2 0 1⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ y ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣6 ⎥⎦
3
x
⎡ 4 3 −5⎤ ⎡ 1 ⎤ ⎡ 2 ⎤
⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
Ux = y ⇒ ⎢ 0 −2 2 ⎥ ⎢ x2 ⎥ ⎢= ⎥−2 ⇒ 1
x = 1/2 4, x =3
2, x = 1
⎢⎣0 0 2 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ x ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣2 ⎥⎦
3
⎡ 9 −5 2⎤
⎢ ⎥
Determine the matrix ⎢ 5 −8 −1⎥ is strictly diagonally dominant.
⎢⎣ −2 1 4 ⎥⎦
Solution:
Consider
| 9 |>| −5 | + | 2 |
| −8 |>| 5 | + | −1 |
| 4 |>| −2 | + | 1 |
Therefore, the given matrix is strictly diagonally dominant.
⎡1 ⎤ ⎡5 ⎤
Let S be the parallelogram determined by the vectors b1 = ⎢ ⎥ and b2 = ⎢ ⎥ , and let
⎣ 3⎦ ⎣ ⎦1
⎡1 −.1⎤
A=⎢ ⎥ . Compute the area of the image of S under the mapping x → Ax.
⎣0 2⎦
Solution:
⎡1 5⎤
The area of S is det ⎢ ⎥ = 14 , and det A = 2. Therefore, by definition, the area of image of S under
⎣3 1 ⎦
the mapping x → Ax is |det A|.{area of S}= 2 . 14 = 28
⎡ −8 −2 −9 ⎤ ⎡ 2⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
Let A = ⎢ 6 4 8 ⎥ and w = ⎢ 1⎥ . Determine if w is in Col A?
⎢⎣ 4 0 4 ⎥⎦
⎢⎣−2⎥⎦
Solution:
Consider w = a1 c1 + a2 c2 + a3 c3
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⎡ −8 −2 −9 2 ⎤ ⎡1 0 1 −1/ 2 ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
4 8 1 ∼ 0 1 1/ 2 1
⎢6 ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ 4 0 4 −2 ⎥ 0 0 0 ⎥
It implies, a1 + a3 = -1/2
a2 + (1/2)a3 = 1
Hence w is in Col A.
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Mid Term Examination – Spring 2006
Please read the following instructions carefully before

attempting any of the questions:
1. Attempt all questions. Marks are written adjacent to each
question.
2. Do not ask any questions about the contents of this
examination from anyone.
missing, make an appropriate assumption and use it to solve
the problem.
c. Write all steps, missing steps may lead to deduction of
marks.

this course.
The augmented matrix of a linear system has been transformed by row operations into the form
below. Write the general solution in Parametric vector form.
⎡1 5 2 −6⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢0 4 − 7 2⎥
⎣⎢0 0 0 0 ⎦⎥

2 3
A transformation → defined by T(x) = Ax, so that
⎡1 − 3⎤ ⎡ x1 − 3x2 ⎤
Tx : R R
⎡ ⎤
⎢ 1 ⎢ ⎥
T ( x) = 3 = 3x + 5x
⎥
5
⎢ ⎥⎢x⎥⎢ 1 2 ⎥
2⎦
⎢ −1 7⎥ ⎢− + 7 x ⎥
⎣
x
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ 1 2 ⎦
Calculate the area of the parallelogram determined by the points (-2, -2), (0, 3), (4, -1) and
(6, 4).
T:R
2
→ R
2
⎡0 −1⎤ ⎡ ⎡ 4⎤
x1 ⎤
A linear transformation defined by T ( x) = ⎢ ⎥ ⎢x ⎥ then T ( ⎢1 ⎥ ) =
⎣ 1 0 ⎦ ⎣ 2⎦ ⎣ ⎦
⎡−1⎤
⎢ ⎥
4⎣ ⎦
⎡1 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣0 ⎦
⎡ 4⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣1 ⎦
⎡ −3⎤

⎣⎢ ⎦⎥
3
⎡-6 12 ⎤
Let. A = and w = Determine if w is in Col A. Is w in Null A?
2 ⎡ ⎤
⎢ -3 6⎥⎦ ⎢1 ⎥
⎣ ⎣ ⎦
⎡1 −2 5 0 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
0 4 4 −1
A=⎢ ⎥ detA = 140 Then detAT = --------
⎢0 0 5 7⎥
⎣
⎢0 0 0 ⎦
7⎥
0
140
6
-20
x1 + 2x3 = 0
The augmented matrix of system of linear equations is
x1 + x2 − 9x3 = −1
⎡1 0 2 0⎤
⎢ ⎥
1⎣ 1 −9 − 1⎦
⎡1 2 0 0⎤
⎢ ⎥
1⎣ 1 −9 1⎦
⎡1 2 0⎤
⎢ ⎥
1⎣ 1 − 9⎦
None of the other.
Identity the true statement

The columns of a matrix A is linearly independent if the equation Ax = 0 has trivial
solution
The columns of a matrix A is linearly independent if the equation Ax = 0 has non trivial
solution.
If one row in echelon form of an augmented matrix is [0 0 0 0 5 0], then associated
linear system is inconsistent.
Every transformation is linear transformation.
⎡ 2 5⎤
Find LU factorization of the matrix A = ⎢ ⎥
⎣−3 −4⎦
T : Rn → R
Let be a linear transformation and A be the standard matrix of T , then T maps
m
R n onto R m
if and only if
The columns of A span R .

m
The columns of A span R

n
The columns of A are linearly independent

None of the other.
MTH501-Linear Algebra
Midterm Special 2006
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Question # 1:-
⎡3 1⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎣4 2⎦
Let A= Write 5A.Is det5A=5detA?
⎡3 1⎤
Let A = A = ⎢
⎣4 2⎥⎦
⎡3 1⎤ ⎡15 5 ⎤
5 A = 5⎢ ⎥=⎢ ⎥
det
5)) 5 A
det ⎣
5 4
=A = 2
((15 ×10)
⎦
150 ⎣
− 20 −
100 = 10
50×
(20 ⎦
det 5 A = 50
det A = ((3× 2) − (1× 4))

det A = 6 − 4 = 2
5 det A = 5 × 2 = 10
Hence proved det5A not equal to 5detA

=============================================
Question #2:-
⎡5 1 ⎡2 0⎤
⎤
⎢ ⎢ ⎥
⎥3 − 4 3
⎣2 ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
Let A = and B = .Show that these matrices do not commute.
Solution:-
5 1 ⎤ ⎡ 2 0 ⎤ ⎡14 3 ⎤
AB = ⎡⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥= ⎥
⎣ −3 2 ⎦ ⎣4 3⎦ ⎣ −6⎦
⎢
−2
⎡2 0⎤ ⎡5 1 ⎤ ⎡10 2 ⎤
BA = ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ −2⎥ = ⎢29 −2⎥
⎣ 4 3⎦ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
⎣3
AB ≠ BA
================================================
Question # 3:-
3x1 − 2 x = 6 −5 x 1+ 4 x
2 2
=8
Use Cramer’s rule to solve the system ,
Solution:-
3x1 − 2 x 2 = 6
−5 x 1+ 4 x 2
=8
View the System as Ax =b. Using the notation introduced above.
⎡ 3 −2 ⎤
A ⎢ −5 4 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡ 6 −2 ⎤
A1 (b) = ⎢ ⎥
⎣8 4 ⎦
⎡ 3 6⎤
A2 (b) = ⎢ −5 8 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
Since detA = 2, the system has a unique solution. By Cramer’s rule,
det A1 (b) 24 + 16
x1 = = = 20
det A 2
det A2 (b) 24 + 30
x2 = = = 27
det A 2
====================================================
Question # 4:-
3 4
Find the matrix of linear transformation T : R → R defined by
T ( x1 , x2 , x3 ) = (
x1 + x2 , x2 + x3 , x1 − x3 , x1 ) 3
with respect to the standard basis of R ?
Solution:-
3
The standard basis of R is {e1, e2, e3}
E1 = (1, 0, 0)
E2 = (0, 1, 0)
E3 = (0, 0, 1)
T(e1) = T (1, 0, 0) = (1, 0, 1, 1)

T(e2) = T (0, 1, 0) = (1, 1, 0, 0)
T(e3) = T (0, 0, 1) = (0, 1, -1, 0)
The matrix of linear transformation is
⎡1 1 0⎤
⎢ ⎥
0 1 1⎥
A= ⎢
⎢1 0 − 1⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣1 0 0⎦
==============================================================
⎡3 2 1⎤
⎢ ⎥
A =⎢ 0 k 2⎥
A=0
⎢⎣0 4 2
⎥⎦ then the value of k is
If such that
¾ 8
¾ 4
¾ 0
¾ None of these
x+ y=
1
The system of linear equations has
¾ No solution x+ y=
¾ Infinitely many solutions

¾ Infinitely many solutions
¾ d) None of these
======================================================
⎡4 3⎤
⎢ ⎡2 5⎤
A= 7 2 ⎥ and B = ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎢⎣9 0
Let 1 6 then AB is
⎡11 38⎤
⎢16 47 ⎥
⎢⎣18 45
⎥⎦
¾ a)
¾ b) A and B are not comfortable for multiplication
⎡11 38 ⎤
⎢16 47 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣8 45 ⎥⎦
¾ c)
¾ d) None of these
===========================================================
⎡ −4 ⎤ ⎡ 2
⎤
⎢6 ⎥ , ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 2
Determine whether the set S={ } is a spanning set for

R or not.
⎣−3⎦
=====================================================
R→R
2 3
Let T : be a linear transformation defined by T(x)=Ax , where

⎡1 − ⎡3 ⎤
3⎤
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢3 5⎥ ⎢2 ⎥
⎢⎣ −1 7 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣−5⎥⎦
2
A= ,then find an x in
R whose image under T is b.Where b=
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------====
⎡1
52 ⎤1
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
The inverse of the matrix is
⎡ 1 − 2⎤
⎢−5
⎣ 1⎥
⎦
¾ (a)
1 ⎡ 1 − 2⎤
⎢ ⎥
9 5 1
⎣ ⎦
¾ b)
1 ⎡ −1 2 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
9 ⎣ 5 − 1⎦
¾ (c)
¾ d) None of these
=====================================================
The set of vectors {(5,0,0), (7,2,-6), (9,4,-8)} is,
¾ a) Linearly independent
¾ b) Linearly dependent
3
¾ c) Basis of R
⎢ ⎥

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vujannat.ning.

1. Attempt all questions. Marks are written adjacent to each question.

**WARNING: Please note that Virtual University takes serious note of

Total Marks: 65 Total

Question No. 1 Marks : 2

Question No. 2 Marks : 10

Question No. 3 Marks : 5

Find orthogonal projection of

Question No. 4 Marks : 2

1 II and III only.

Question No. 5 Marks : 2

Question No. 6 Marks : 10

Determine whether the subset

Question No. 11 Marks : 10

Question No. 12 Marks : 5

Find the vector x such that we have

Please read the following instructions carefully before attempting any

**WARNING: Please note that Virtual University takes serious note of

For Teacher's use only

Question No: 1 ( Marks: 2 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 2 ( Marks: 2 ) - Please choose one

► None of the other

The distance between the vectors u=(7,1) and v=(3,2)is

Question No: 5 ( Marks: 2 ) - Please choose one

The vectors , , are

Describe the solution of the following system in parametric vector form

Question No: 7 ( Marks: 10 )

Question No: 9 ( Marks: 10 )

Find the least square solution of the equation Ax=b where A= , b=

Question No: 10 ( Marks: 10 )

Daigonalize the matrix , if possible

MTH501 Linear Algebra

Total Marks: 60 Total Questions: 12

Question No. 1 Marks : 5

Find the bases for the row and column spaces of

Question No. 2 Marks : 5

Question No. 3 Marks : 5

Use the factorization A=QR to find the least-squares solution of Ax = b.

Question No. 4 Marks : 5

Question No. 5 Marks : 5

Question No. 6 Marks : 5

Find the inverse of the block diagonal matrix A, where

Question No. 7 Marks : 5

Question No. 8 Marks : 5

Determine if the following matrix is diagonalizable.

Question No. 9 Marks : 5

Question No. 10 Marks : 5

Question No. 11 Marks : 5

Question No. 12 Marks : 5

Question No. 1 Marks : 2

Question No. 2 Marks : 2

Question No. 4 Marks : 10

Question No. 5 Marks : 10

Question No. 6 Marks : 2

Question No. 8 Marks : 2

Question No. 10 Marks : 10

Exam Date: Saturday, July 21, 2007

Please read the following instructions carefully before attempting any

**WARNING: Please note that Virtual University takes serious note of

For Teacher's use only

Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Transpose of row vectors of a 3 × 3 identity matrix

► are basis for any subspace of dim ≥ 4