A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHILI (Capsicum Annum) AND

GINGER (Zingiber officinale) USED AS RHEUMATOID

OINTMENTS

A high school thesis presented to the faculty of Science and Technology Department

in partial fulfillment of the requirements

in the subject Research II

under Mrs. Luzviminda Bago

By

Benaiah Reuel P. Macauyam

Larry B. Rodriguez

Rochelle Jan L. Llanto

Special Science Curriculum

Damariñas National High School

March 2008

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 CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL

The study entitled “A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHILI (Capsicum Annum)

AND GINGER (Zingiber officinale) AS RHEUMATOID OINTMENTS” was prepared and

submitted by Benaiah Reuel P. Macauyam, Larry B. Rodriguez and Rochelle Jan L. Llanto of

Special Science Class IV – Galileo is hereby presented for approval.

March 14, 2008

Approved:

FRANCIS KENNETH D. HERNANDEZ, M. A. Ed

Secondary School Teacher – II, English
Department
Evaluator ELENITA R. FAUNI, M. A. Ed
Secondary School Teacher – I, Science and
Technology Department
JOSEFINA E. DELA CRUZ, M. A. Ed Evaluator
Master Teacher – I, Mathematics Department
Evaluator

ROWELL L. MARQUINA
EDEN R. DAYAUON, M. E. M. Secondary School Teacher – I, TLE (Boys)
Secondary School Teacher – III, Values Department
Education Department Evaluator
Evaluator

LUZVIMINDA M. BAGO
Master Teacher – I, Science and Technology Department
Research Teacher

MARIO M. ABEJUELA
Secondary School Head Teacher – III
Science and Technology Department

DAVID E. ATAS, Ed. D.

Principal – IV
Dasmariñas National High School - Main

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to extend their appreciation to those subsequent

people who assisted them to make this study possible. The success of this study is an

outcome of the researchers’ sacrifice, temper and dedication.

First of all, the researchers would like to show appreciation their parents who

willingly supported them morally and financially. Also the researchers would like to

thank their parents for being the foundation of this study and for the patience and

understanding while finishing this study.

To Mrs. Luzviminda M. Bago, their Research II teacher, thank you for the

guidance and giving the researchers the knowledge, for sharing her time and

understanding in helping the researchers in pursuing this study.

To Mr. Francis Kenneth D. Hernandez for being a consultant in pursuing the

study and helping the researchers accomplish their research.

To Mrs. Rowena R. Cariaga for giving tips and advises to the researchers.

To the whole section of SSC-IV-Galileo for being their inspiration and happiness.

Especially to Jane Ariola, Eunice Alvarez, Charlotte Villarin for helping the researchers.

To Peter Sosing for extending his help by lending his computers for the

completion of the write ups and the whole thesis.

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 To the researchers, Benaiah Reuel P. Macauyam, Larry B. Rodriguez and

Rochelle Jan L. Llanto for extending of their patience, kindness, understanding and open-

mindedness in conducting this sort of study.

Lastly, the researchers would like to lengthen their gratitude most especially to

the God Almighty for His guidance and giving the researchers strength and knowledge to

accomplish this study without Him none of this will be possible.

To the people that were not mentioned, the researchers would also like to thank

them, who in their small ways have contributed to the completion of this study.

B. R. P. M.

L. B. R.

R. J. L. L.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents Page Number

Title Page i

Certificate of Approval ii

Acknowledgement iii

List of Tables vii

List of Figures viii

List of Plates ix

Abstract x

CHAPTER 1: PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction 1

Conceptual Framework 2

Statement of the Problem 3

Hypothesis 3

Objectives 4

Significance of the Study 4

Scope and Limitations

Definition of Terms 5

CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Review of Related Literature 7

Review of Related Studies 8

Synthesis 9
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY

Methods of Research used 10

Materials and Equipments 11

General Procedure 11

Research Design 12

Gantt Chart 13

Evaluation Process 14

Statistical Treatment 15

CHAPTER 4: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Data Presentation 16

Analysis of Data 19

CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Findings 20

Conclusions 21

Recommendations 21

BIBLIOGRAPHY 22

APPENDICES 23

Appendix A Computations 23

Appendix B Plates 25

Appendix C Evaluation Sheet for the Products 29

Appendix D Evaluation Sheet 30

 LIST OF TABLES

Table Page Number

Table 1 Mean Table for Acceptability of Appearance 16

Table 2 Mean Table for Time of Relief 17

Table 3 T – test for Acceptability of Appearance 18

Table 4 T – test for Time of Relief 19

 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page Number

Figure 1 Research Paradigm 2

Figure 2 Research Design 12

Figure 3 Gantt chart 13

 LIST OF PLATES

Plate Page Number

Plate 1 Prepared materials 25

Plate 2 Chili was grinded 25

Plate 3 Ginger was grinded 26

Plate 4 Extract of chili and ginger 26

Plate 5 The chili and ginger was mixed then cooled 27

Plate 6 Finished products 28

 Abstract

The study entitled “A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHILI (Capsicum Annum)

AND GINGER (Zingiber officinale) USED AS RHEUMATOID OINTMENTS”,

conducted by Benaiah Reuel P. Macauyam, Larry B. Rodriguez and Rochelle Jan L.

Llanto to compare Chili and Ginger used as rheumatoid ointments. The study wanted to

determine if there is a significant difference on the acceptability of appearance of the

ointments, and time of relief.

The experimental method of research was used in this study. The independent

variable of the study was chili and ginger and the dependent variable was the ointment

out of chili and ginger. The whole experiment was conducted at Blk 50 lot 4 Phase 3,

Golden City, Imus, Cavite. The researchers prepared 250g of chili and 250g of ginger.

The second step that was done is the extraction of chili and ginger. Adding beeswax and

other essential oils and the extracts from chili and ginger produced a chili ointment which

is the treatment 1 and ginger ointment which is the treatment 2. The treatments were

subjected for sensory evaluation. There were 9 respondents who were encouraged to use

the ointment for their Rheumatism for 3 weeks.

The two treatments were compared by using statistical tools. Mean was used in

measuring the average central tendency while t-test was used in determining the

significant difference between the two treatments in terms of the variables evaluated. The

t-test result showed that there is significant difference between chili and ginger ointments

in terms of acceptability of appearance with a computed t-value of 2.1711 which is higher

than .05 level of significance; therefore the null hypothesis is rejected. Also, the t-test

stated that significant difference between chili and ginger ointments in terms of time of
relief with a computed t-value of 5.875 which is higher that .05 level of significance,

therefore the null hypothesis is rejected.

Based on the findings it was concluded that chili was more acceptable in terms of

appearance and more effective in terms of time of relief than ginger as rheumatoid

ointment. Furthermore, researchers also recommended using chili as rheumatoid ointment

and by further research towards the study of ointments and herbal plants for the

development and improvement of the study.