Chapter 1 Respiration

Paper 1

Each question is followed by four options. Choose the best answer for each question.

1 Which of the following is not part of the human respiratory system?

A Trachea
B Ribs
C Pulmonary artery
D Intercostal muscles

2 When we inhale, why is air pushed into the lungs?

A The air pressure in the lungs decreases
B The air pressure in the lungs increases
C The lungs become smaller
D The diaphragm curves upwards

3 What are the changes that take place when we exhale?

I The rib cage moves down
II The outer intercostal muscles relax
III The thoracic cavity becomes bigger
IV Air flows from the atmosphere into the lungs
A I and II only
B III and IV only
C II, III and IV only
D I, II, III and IV

4 Which of the following is the correct sequence to show how air enters the lungs?
A Trachea, bronchiole, lung, alveolus
B Trachea, bronchus, bronchiole, alveolus
C Bronchus, trachea, bronchiole, lung
D Trachea, alveolus, bronchus, bronchiole

The figure above shows a model of the human respiratory system. Which part of the model is
correctly matched with the respiratory organs?

©Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd 2007 Super Score Science Form 3

 Model Respiratory organ
I Glass tube Trachea
II Y-shaped glass tube Bronchus
III Balloon Lung
IV Rubber sheet Diaphragm
A I and II only
B III and IV only
C II, III and IV only
D I, II, III and IV

6 Which of the following correctly shows the contents of inhaled air and exhaled air?
Gas Inhaled air Exhaled air
I Oxygen 21% 16%
II Carbon dioxide 0.03% 4%
III Nitrogen 78% 87%
IV Water vapour A little 50%
A I and II only
B III and IV only
C II, III and IV only
D I, II, III and IV

7 How are the alveoli adapted to enable the efficient exchange of gases?
I Have a large network of blood capillaries
II Have a large surface area
III Have dry surfaces
IV Have cell walls that are one-cell thick
A I and II only
B III and IV only
C I, II and IV only
D I, II, III and IV

8 Cell respiration can be represented by the following word equation:

Glucose + J K+ water + carbon dioxide
What do J and K represent?
J K
A Oxygen Food
B Oxygen Energy
C Haemoglobin Amino acids
D Ribosomes Energy

9 How does oxygen in the alveolus enter the blood?

A By osmosis
B By reverse osmosis
C By diffusion
D By transpiration

©Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd 2007 Super Score Science Form 3

10 What is the substance in cigarette smoke that causes addiction?
A Tar
B Nicotine
C Carbon monoxide
D Sulphur dioxide

11 Which of the following diseases is caused by smoking cigarettes?

I Lung cancer
II Emphysema
III Bronchitis
IV Hepatitis
A I and II only
B III and IV only
C I, II and III only
D I, II, III and IV

12 Why are cigarette smokers sometimes short of breath?

A Their lung tissue has turned black
B Cigarette smoke reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood
C Their lung tissue contains nicotine
D There are many poisonous gases in their lymphatic system

13 Which of the following pollutants and their effects is correctly matched?

Pollutant Effect
A Haze Causes cancer
B Tar Reduces the acidity of the lungs
C Carbon dioxide Increases cell activity
D Sulphur dioxide Damages lung tissue

14 Which of the following pollutants is carcinogenic?

A Tar
B Nitrogen dioxide
C Carbon monoxide
D Carbon dioxide

15 Which of the following activities causes haze?

A Generating hydroelectricity
B Excessive spraying of chemical pesticides
C Barbecuing food
D Burning of agricultural waste

©Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd 2007 Super Score Science Form 3

Paper 2

Answer all the questions.

Section A

1 Look at the figure of the human respiratory system.

(a) Label the figure with the following:

lung trachea bronchus

(b) Where does the exchange of gases occur in the human respiratory system?

(c) What adaptation ensures that the trachea does not collapse and prevent air from
reaching the lungs?

Section B

The apparatus above was used in a science activity to study the breathing mechanism in
humans.

(a) Describe what happens when the rubber sheet is pulled downwards.

(b) Describe what happens when the rubber sheet is pushed upwards.

©Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd 2007 Super Score Science Form 3

 (c) What process of the human breathing mechanism is represented by your answer in
(i) 2(a)?

(ii) 2(b)?

(d) Name the parts in the human respiratory system that is analogous to the apparatus below:
(i) glass tube
(ii) Y-shaped glass tube
(iii) balloon
(iv) bell jar
(v) rubber sheet

(e) Name three diseases that affect human lungs.

©Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd 2007 Super Score Science Form 3