Tuesday, October 19, 2010

Assessment Class
October 19-21, 2010-10
Prof Susa Opao

Day 1- (Tuesday)

Part 1-
 What are the instructional preparation that you need to emphasize
 Purpose of assessments
 Principles of high quality assessment

Part 11-Purpose of assessment:

 3 Stage model of classroom measurement

Content Validity:
Stage 1- Objectives
Stage 11- Activities/Materials-pedagogy & special materials needed (common-
Chalk, black board, pen
Stage111- Tests

Kinds of assessments:
Formative – usually the purpose is not to assign grades

Summative – to assign grades or feedback to find out whether students understand

Or not

diagnostic

placement

PHQA (Principles of higher quality assessments)

1. Clarity of learning targets

2. Appropriateness of assessment methods

3. Validity- content, construct, criterion, face, instruct, curricular

Hg-Lg 27 items upper and 27 items from lowest
N
Eg. 14-9/14=5/14=.35

4. Reliability- stability, consistency

5. Fairness –
Tuesday, October 19, 2010

6. Positive consequences
7. Practicality and efficiency( eg. Essay for 15 items-not practical)

Competencies-
1. Knowledge,
2. skills,
3. reasoning,
4. products,
5. affects

 If different items is measuring one skill- 2 checks should be produced in 5 items

otherwise the student doesn’t understand anything.

Learning targets maybe..

• Educational goals
• Objectives
• Competencies
• Outcomes
• Standards
• expectations

What are institutional objectives;

A statement in specific and measurable terms that describes what the learner will
know or be able to do as a result

An objective is also a performance objectives, behavioural objectives, learning

objectives, specific objectives. All are used interchangeably.

Objectives vs. activities;

1. the student will observe that a group of organs working together form a system
(learning activity)
2. The student will identify a group of organs working together to form a system.
(learning outcome)

Why write instructional objectives:

Tuesday, October 19, 2010

1. Objectives tell students what is expected of them

2. Objectives allows the teacher to determine the media, and materials that are
necessary
3. Evaluation is always based on each instructional objectives. Determining the
objective classification

How to write Instructional objectives?

At the end of this course, chapter, week, lecture, you should be able to…

At the conclusion of the course/unit/study the student will….

After completing the lesson, the student will be able to..

After this unit, the student will be able to…

At the end/ by the end of the class session student can…

Approaches to writing instructional objectives;

Eg. 1. The student will be able to determine the diameter of a copper wire, given a
suitable gauge, to an accuracy of 0.05 mm within 15 minutes

Components of instructional objectives;

 Audience
 Behaviour

Common ambiguous terms;

To know
To understand
To appreciate
To grasp the significance of

Good performance words;

Objectives can be written like the ff;

Some examples of conditions;
Eg. Given a problem of the following type the students can
 Given a list of
Tuesday, October 19, 2010

Common pitfalls of objective writing;

1.False performance
..have a thorough understanding of particle physics
Demonstrate a
2.False givens
..given 3days of instruction
..
3. Teaching points
Be able to choose an art print or photo that
4.
5. Instructor performance
> the teacher will provide an
6. False criteria
> to the satisfaction of the instructor
> Must be able to make 80% on a multiple choice exam( 80 % has no substance)
>must pass a final exam

Should students be informed of the objectives? YES

Eg. Of formulating objectives”

Application. > Given the following transactions , the students shall have solved
 The learner must be able to use connectors
 After reading the story entitled…the student should be able to summarize the
story by stating the main events

Synthesis: Should be able to draw

 Learner will be able to write a letter to a friend by using

Evaluation- Be able to make recommendations on the plan presented

>Student will be able to make a 1 minute speech
> student must be able to prove that the plantcan carry nutrients to its different
parts
Tuesday, October 19, 2010

Knowledge- - Identify by labelling

- Draw the microscope and label the parts
- Be able to enumerate
- Name the components

Comprehension:
- Explain the difference between fable and fairy tale
-

Analysis: - Explain how distinct environments throughout the world support the life
 Given a list of factors leading to significant events, the learner must be able to
select at least five factors contributing to the depression of 1929

Oct. 20, 10 PM

Construction of exam:

Completion-Test/Short/Answer/Supply items

Good for Knowledge level

Types:
• Fill in the blank
• Enumeration
• Short Answer

Advantages:
 Easy to construct
 Good for Who, what, where and when content
 Minimizes guessing
 Encourages more intensive study student must know the answer vs.
Recognizing the answer

Disadvantages:
>may overemphasize memorization of facts
>questions may have one or more correct answers definition, to better judge
stuent knowledge
Tuesday, October 19, 2010

> when used with definition, supply the term, not

>

TYPES OF TESTS:
1. TRADITiONAL- pen and paper
1.-ALTERNATIVE OR NON TRADTIONAL ASSESSTMENTS

Tips for writing good completion/supply/short answers items

>